{"id":220,"date":"2026-11-01T18:21:52","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:21:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/scripts\/persian\/"},"modified":"2026-11-01T18:21:52","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:21:52","slug":"persian","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/scripts\/persian\/","title":{"rendered":"Persian alphabet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"pf\" lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\" data-site=\"\/language\/\" data-net=\"kco\" data-kit=\"d46\" data-kind=\"page\">\n<div class=\"pf-top pf-nv\" data-pf-nav=\"\" data-pf-more=\"Daha \u00e7ox\">\n<a class=\"pf-brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-4.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"9\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-5.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"11\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-4.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"9\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"2.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"3.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"2.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><\/g><\/svg><span><b>KCO<\/b><small translate=\"no\">kurds.global<\/small><\/span><\/a><a class=\"pf-nv__site pf-scope\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/\" data-area=\"language\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M20 10c0 4.993-5.539 10.193-7.399 11.799a1 1 0 0 1-1.202 0C9.539 20.193 4 14.993 4 10a8 8 0 0 1 16 0\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"10\" r=\"3\" \/><\/svg><span class=\"pf-scope__crumbs\"><b>KCO<\/b><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"m9 18 6-6-6-6\" \/><\/svg><span>Dil<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n<nav class=\"pf-nv__menu\" id=\"pf-nv-menu\" aria-label=\"\u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259\"><ul class=\"pf-nv__bar\"><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"network\" data-pf-lazy=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-network\" data-tip=\"\u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259\"><span>\u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"14\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"14\" y=\"14\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"3\" y=\"14\" rx=\"1\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-network\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--network\">\n<div class=\"pf-nv__primary\"><p class=\"pf-nv__h\">Sah\u0259l\u0259r<\/p><ol class=\"pf-nv__svcs\"><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"learn\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/az\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span>Akademiya<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Biliyin h\u0259r sah\u0259si, b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u00fcrd dili variantlar\u0131nda kurslar v\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 icmalar\u0131.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"heritage\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/az\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span>\u0130rs<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Zaqros da\u011flar\u0131ndan bu g\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r tarix, yadda\u015f, inanclar, inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t, \u0259d\u0259biyyat v\u0259 m\u0259tb\u0259x.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"language\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span>Dil<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Kurmanci, sorani, zaza dili, c\u0259nubi k\u00fcrd dili v\u0259 qorani, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259lifbalarda.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"research\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/az\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span>T\u0259dqiqat<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">K\u00fcrd\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q: m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259zi, oxu siyah\u0131lar\u0131 v\u0259 yeni t\u0259dqiqatlar.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"opportunities\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/opportunities\/az\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span>\u0130mkanlar<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Dolan\u0131\u015f\u0131q, bacar\u0131qlar, i\u015f yerl\u0259ri, mentorluq v\u0259 diaspora il\u0259 region aras\u0131nda k\u00f6rp\u00fcl\u0259r.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"civic\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/civic\/az\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">06<\/span><span>V\u0259t\u0259nda\u015fl\u0131q<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">V\u0259t\u0259nda\u015fl\u0131q t\u0259hsili, h\u00fcquq savadl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmayanlara yard\u0131m v\u0259 dialoq.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"development\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/development\/az\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">07<\/span><span>\u0130nki\u015faf<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">K\u00fcrd icmalar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sosial proqramlar, dolan\u0131\u015f\u0131q v\u0259 f\u0259lak\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 haz\u0131rl\u0131q.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"news\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/az\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">08<\/span><span>X\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259r<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">H\u0259r media orqan\u0131 etiketl\u0259nmi\u015f k\u00fcrd v\u0259 regional x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259r, k\u00fcrd g\u00fcnl\u0259ri t\u0259qvimi.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-nv__aside\"><p class=\"pf-nv__h\">KCO<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/\">Ana s\u0259hif\u0259<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/country-programmes\/\">\u00d6lk\u0259 proqramlar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/areas\/\">F\u0259aliyy\u0259t sah\u0259l\u0259ri<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/calendar\/\">T\u0259qvim<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/the-community\/\">K\u00fcrd icmalar\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"countries\" data-pf-lazy=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-countries\" data-tip=\"\u00d6lk\u0259 proqramlar\u0131\"><span>\u00d6lk\u0259 proqramlar\u0131<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.54 15H17a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v4.54\" \/> <path d=\"M7 3.34V5a3 3 0 0 0 3 3a2 2 0 0 1 2 2c0 1.1.9 2 2 2a2 2 0 0 0 2-2c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h3.17\" \/> <path d=\"M11 21.95V18a2 2 0 0 0-2-2a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-1a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2.05\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-countries\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--countries\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\">\u00d6lk\u0259 proqramlar\u0131<\/p><div hidden><\/div><p class=\"pf-nv__more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/country-programmes\/\">B\u00fct\u00fcn 35 \u00f6lk\u0259 proqram\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"site\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-site\" data-current=\"\" data-tip=\"Bu sayt\"><span>Bu sayt<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect width=\"18\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"2\" \/> <path d=\"M3 9h18\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-site\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--site\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/\">Dil<\/a><\/p><div class=\"pf-nv__groups\"><div class=\"pf-nv__group\"><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/#register\">Dill\u0259r<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/scripts\/\" aria-current=\"page\">\u018flifbalar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/tools\/\">Al\u0259tl\u0259r<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/learn\/\">\u00d6yr\u0259n<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/resources\/\">Resurslar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/preservation\/\">Qoruma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/sources\/\">M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"about\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-about\" data-tip=\"Haqq\u0131nda\"><span>Haqq\u0131nda<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/> <path d=\"M12 16v-4\" \/> <path d=\"M12 8h.01\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-about\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--about\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\">Haqq\u0131nda<\/p><div class=\"pf-nv__groups\"><div class=\"pf-nv__group\"><p class=\"pf-nv__rh\">Haqq\u0131nda<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/federation\/\">Federasiya<\/a><span class=\"pf-nv__text\">Federasiya nec\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir<\/span><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/the-community\/\">K\u00fcrd icmalar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Bu \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 haqq\u0131nda: n\u0259 oldu\u011fumuz v\u0259 n\u0259 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/guide\/charter-of-the-kurdish-cooperation-organization-kco\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Nizamnam\u0259<svg class=\"pf-icon pf-nv__ext\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M14 4h6v6M20 4l-9 9M18 14v5a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H5a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-nv__group\"><p class=\"pf-nv__rh\">\u0130\u015ftirak edin<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/membership\/\">\u00dczvl\u00fck<\/a><span class=\"pf-nv__text\">\u00dczvl\u00fck v\u0259 i\u015ftirak<\/span><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/join\/\">Qo\u015fulun<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/get-involved\/\">\u0130\u015ftirak edin<\/a><span class=\"pf-nv__text\">\u0130\u015ftirak yollar\u0131<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-nv__group\"><p class=\"pf-nv__rh\">H\u00fcquqi m\u0259lumat v\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/protected-participation\/\">Qorunan i\u015ftirak<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/az\/corrections\/\">D\u00fcz\u0259li\u015fl\u0259r<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/contact\/\" rel=\"noopener\">\u018flaq\u0259<svg class=\"pf-icon pf-nv__ext\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M14 4h6v6M20 4l-9 9M18 14v5a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H5a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n<div class=\"pf-top__tools\"><details class=\"pf-nv__search\"><summary data-tip=\"Axtar\u0131\u015f  \/\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"11\" cy=\"11\" r=\"7\"\/><path d=\"M20 20l-4-4\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"pf-sr\">Axtar\u0131\u015f<\/span><\/summary><form class=\"pf-nv__sform\" role=\"search\" action=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/search\/\" method=\"get\"><label class=\"pf-sr\" for=\"pf-nv-q\">Axtar\u0131\u015f<\/label><input id=\"pf-nv-q\" type=\"search\" name=\"q\" placeholder=\"Bu saytda axtar\u0131\u015f\" autocomplete=\"off\" enterkeyhint=\"search\"><button type=\"submit\" class=\"pf-btn\">Axtar\u0131\u015f<\/button><\/form><\/details><details class=\"pf-acct\" data-pf-acct=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-searchlink pf-acctlink\" aria-label=\"Hesab\" data-tip=\"Hesab\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"8\" r=\"4\"\/><path d=\"M4 21c0-4 3.6-7 8-7s8 3 8 7\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"pf-sr\">Hesab<\/span><\/summary><div class=\"pf-acct__menu\"><ul class=\"pf-acct__list\" data-pf-auth=\"guest\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/login\/?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fkurds.global%2Faz%2Fstart%2F\">Daxil olun<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/register\/?pf_lang=az\" class=\"pf-acct__join\">Qo\u015fulun<\/a><\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"pf-acct__list\" data-pf-auth=\"member\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/members\/me\/\">Profiliniz<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/start\/\">\u0130dar\u0259 paneli<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/members\/me\/settings\/\">Parametrl\u0259r<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/login\/sessions\/\">Sessiyalar\u0131n\u0131z<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/login\/?action=logout\" data-pf-logout=\"\">\u00c7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/details><details class=\"pf-langs\" data-pf-langs=\"\"><summary data-tip=\"Dill\u0259r\"><span class=\"pf-sr\">Dill\u0259r<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"9\"\/><path d=\"M3 12h18M12 3c2.6 2.8 3.9 5.8 3.9 9s-1.3 6.2-3.9 9c-2.6-2.8-3.9-5.8-3.9-9S9.4 5.8 12 3z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"pf-sr\" lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">Az\u0259rbaycanca<\/span><span class=\"pf-langs__code\" translate=\"no\" aria-hidden=\"true\">AZ<\/span><span class=\"pf-langs__count\">18<\/span><\/summary><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"en\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">English<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"kmr\" lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">Kurmanc\u00ee<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ckb\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"ckb\" lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ar\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fa\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/tr\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\" dir=\"ltr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"az\" lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\" aria-current=\"true\">Az\u0259rbaycanca<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"de\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\">Deutsch<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fr\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/it\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"it\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">Italiano<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ja\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ru\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/es\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"es\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">Espa\u00f1ol<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/hi\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/id\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"id\" lang=\"id\" dir=\"ltr\">Bahasa Indonesia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ko\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\" dir=\"ltr\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/scripts\/persian\/\" 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class=\"pf-tabbar__menu\" data-pf-tabmenu=\"\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-menu\" hidden><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"12\" y2=\"12\" \/> <line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"6\" y2=\"6\" \/> <line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"18\" \/><\/svg><span>Menyu<\/span><\/button><\/nav><div class=\"pf-canvas\"><aside class=\"pf-note pf-note--info\" role=\"note\"><p>Bu s\u0259hif\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259dir. Ana dili da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yoxlan\u0131l\u0131r; \u0259sas m\u0259tn ingilis dilind\u0259ki s\u0259hif\u0259dir.<\/p><\/aside><nav class=\"pf-crumbs\" aria-label=\"Naviqasiya yolu\"><ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/\">KCO<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/\">Dil<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/scripts\/\">\u018flifbalar v\u0259 \u015friftl\u0259r<\/a><\/li><li aria-current=\"page\">Fars \u0259lifbas\u0131<\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<header class=\"pf-hero\">\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__art\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"pf-rule-art pf-rule-art--wave\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 48\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M0,47L0,32.6L20,28.3L40,24.2L60,20.2L80,16.6L100,13.6L120,11.4L140,10L160,9.5L180,9.9L200,11.2L220,13.3L240,16.1L260,19.4L280,23.1L300,26.9L320,30.8L340,34.5L360,37.9L380,40.9L400,43.4L420,45.5L440,46.9L460,45.7L480,44.8L500,44L520,43.4L540,42.6L560,41.8L580,40.6L600,39.2L620,37.4L640,35.4L660,33.2L680,30.8L700,28.5L720,26.3L740,24.4L760,23.1L780,22.3L800,22.2L820,23L840,24.5L860,26.9L880,30L900,33.7L920,37.9L940,42.3L960,46.9L980,42.6L1000,38.5L1020,34.8L1040,31.7L1060,29.3L1080,27.7L1100,26.8L1120,26.7L1140,27.3L1160,28.4L1180,29.9L1200,31.6\"\/><path d=\"M0,47L0,21L20,21.7L40,23.2L60,25.5L80,28.4L100,31.8L120,35.5L140,39.1L160,42.5L180,45.6L200,45.8L220,43.7L240,42.2L260,41.3L280,40.8L300,40.7L320,40.9L340,41.2L360,41.5L380,41.7L400,41.8L420,41.9L440,41.8L460,41.7L480,41.8L500,42L520,42.7L540,43.7L560,45.3L580,46.7L600,44.1L620,41L640,37.7L660,34.2L680,30.7L700,27.5L720,24.8L740,22.8L760,21.5L780,21.2L800,21.7L820,23.2L840,25.5L860,28.5L880,32L900,35.7L920,39.5L940,43.1L960,46.4L980,44.8L1000,42.6L1020,41L1040,40L1060,39.6L1080,39.5L1100,39.8L1120,40.3L1140,40.9L1160,41.4L1180,41.8L1200,42.1\"\/><path class=\"pf-rule-art__hue\" d=\"M0,47L0,41.2L20,43.7L40,46L60,46L80,44.4L100,43.3L120,42.6L140,42.4L160,42.6L180,42.9L200,43.4L220,43.9L240,44.5L260,44.9L280,45.4L300,45.9L320,46.5L340,46.8L360,45.9L380,44.7L400,43.4L420,41.9L440,40.5L460,39.1L480,38.1L500,37.5L520,37.5L540,38.2L560,39.5L580,41.5L600,44L620,46.9L640,44.1L660,41.1L680,38.5L700,36.4L720,35L740,34.3L760,34.4L780,35.2L800,36.6L820,38.5L840,40.6L860,42.7L880,44.7L900,46.5L920,46.1L940,45L960,44.4L980,44L1000,43.9L1020,44L1040,44.1L1060,44.2L1080,44.3L1100,44.5L1120,44.7L1140,45L1160,45.6L1180,46.4L1200,46.5\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__text\">\n    <p class=\"pf-eyebrow\"><span>\u018flifba<\/span><\/p>\n    <h1 class=\"pf-h1\">Fars \u0259lifbas\u0131<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"pf-lede\">32 h\u0259rf. Q\u0131sa saitl\u0259r adi m\u0259tnd\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131r.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"pf-actions\"><a class=\"pf-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/tools\/\">Al\u0259tl\u0259r<\/a><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  \n<\/header><div class=\"pf-strip\"><dl class=\"pf-signals\"><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>H\u0259rfl\u0259r<\/dt><dd>32<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal pf-signal--text\"><dt>ISO 15924<\/dt><dd>Arab<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal pf-signal--text\"><dt>\u0130stiqam\u0259t<\/dt><dd>Sa\u011fdan sola<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Buradak\u0131 dill\u0259r<\/dt><dd>1<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-anchor\" id=\"chart\"><\/span><nav class=\"pf-toc\" aria-label=\"Bu s\u0259hif\u0259d\u0259\"><p class=\"pf-toc__h\">Bu s\u0259hif\u0259d\u0259<\/p><ol><li><a href=\"#s1\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">01<\/span><span>\u018flifba c\u0259dv\u0259li<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s2\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">02<\/span><span>Transliterasiya<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s3\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">03<\/span><span>R\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s4\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">04<\/span><span>Dur\u011fu i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s5\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">05<\/span><span>Standartlar<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s6\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">06<\/span><span>Bu \u0259lifba il\u0259 yaz\u0131lan dill\u0259r<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s7\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">07<\/span><span>T\u0259dqiqat v\u0259 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s1\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">01<\/span>\u018flifba c\u0259dv\u0259li<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">H\u0259rfl\u0259r: fa \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Unicode CLDR n\u00fcmun\u0259 simvollar\u0131.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"pf-mod pf-lx-chart\" id=\"pf-lx-chart-persian-10\" data-pf-mod=\"scriptchart\" data-lx=\"{&quot;lang&quot;:&quot;fa&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;rtl&quot;,&quot;join&quot;:true,&quot;letters&quot;:[[&quot;\u0627&quot;,&quot;U+0627&quot;,&quot;arabic letter alef&quot;,&quot;\u0101 \/ not written&quot;,&quot;\u0252\u02d0, \u0294&quot;],[&quot;\u0628&quot;,&quot;U+0628&quot;,&quot;arabic letter beh&quot;,&quot;b&quot;,&quot;b&quot;],[&quot;\u067e&quot;,&quot;U+067E&quot;,&quot;arabic letter peh&quot;,&quot;p&quot;,&quot;p&quot;],[&quot;\u062a&quot;,&quot;U+062A&quot;,&quot;arabic letter teh&quot;,&quot;t&quot;,&quot;t&quot;],[&quot;\u062b&quot;,&quot;U+062B&quot;,&quot;arabic letter theh&quot;,&quot;s&quot;,&quot;s&quot;],[&quot;\u062c&quot;,&quot;U+062C&quot;,&quot;arabic letter jeem&quot;,&quot;j&quot;,&quot;d\u0361\u0292&quot;],[&quot;\u0686&quot;,&quot;U+0686&quot;,&quot;arabic letter tcheh&quot;,&quot;ch&quot;,&quot;t\u0361\u0283&quot;],[&quot;\u062d&quot;,&quot;U+062D&quot;,&quot;arabic letter hah&quot;,&quot;\u1e25&quot;,&quot;h&quot;],[&quot;\u062e&quot;,&quot;U+062E&quot;,&quot;arabic letter khah&quot;,&quot;kh&quot;,&quot;x&quot;],[&quot;\u062f&quot;,&quot;U+062F&quot;,&quot;arabic letter dal&quot;,&quot;d&quot;,&quot;d&quot;],[&quot;\u0630&quot;,&quot;U+0630&quot;,&quot;arabic letter thal&quot;,&quot;z&quot;,&quot;z&quot;],[&quot;\u0631&quot;,&quot;U+0631&quot;,&quot;arabic letter reh&quot;,&quot;r&quot;,&quot;\u027e&quot;],[&quot;\u0632&quot;,&quot;U+0632&quot;,&quot;arabic letter zain&quot;,&quot;z&quot;,&quot;z&quot;],[&quot;\u0698&quot;,&quot;U+0698&quot;,&quot;arabic letter jeh&quot;,&quot;zh&quot;,&quot;\u0292&quot;],[&quot;\u0633&quot;,&quot;U+0633&quot;,&quot;arabic letter seen&quot;,&quot;s&quot;,&quot;s&quot;],[&quot;\u0634&quot;,&quot;U+0634&quot;,&quot;arabic letter sheen&quot;,&quot;sh&quot;,&quot;\u0283&quot;],[&quot;\u0635&quot;,&quot;U+0635&quot;,&quot;arabic letter sad&quot;,&quot;\u1e63&quot;,&quot;s&quot;],[&quot;\u0636&quot;,&quot;U+0636&quot;,&quot;arabic letter dad&quot;,&quot;z\u0324&quot;,&quot;z&quot;],[&quot;\u0637&quot;,&quot;U+0637&quot;,&quot;arabic letter tah&quot;,&quot;\u1e6d&quot;,&quot;t&quot;],[&quot;\u0638&quot;,&quot;U+0638&quot;,&quot;arabic letter zah&quot;,&quot;\u1e93&quot;,&quot;z&quot;],[&quot;\u0639&quot;,&quot;U+0639&quot;,&quot;arabic letter ain&quot;,&quot;\u2018&quot;,&quot;\u0294&quot;],[&quot;\u063a&quot;,&quot;U+063A&quot;,&quot;arabic letter ghain&quot;,&quot;gh&quot;,&quot;\u0263, \u0262&quot;],[&quot;\u0641&quot;,&quot;U+0641&quot;,&quot;arabic letter feh&quot;,&quot;f&quot;,&quot;f&quot;],[&quot;\u0642&quot;,&quot;U+0642&quot;,&quot;arabic letter qaf&quot;,&quot;q&quot;,&quot;\u0262, \u0263&quot;],[&quot;\u06a9&quot;,&quot;U+06A9&quot;,&quot;arabic letter keheh&quot;,&quot;k&quot;,&quot;k&quot;],[&quot;\u06af&quot;,&quot;U+06AF&quot;,&quot;arabic letter gaf&quot;,&quot;g&quot;,&quot;\u0261&quot;],[&quot;\u0644&quot;,&quot;U+0644&quot;,&quot;arabic letter lam&quot;,&quot;l&quot;,&quot;l&quot;],[&quot;\u0645&quot;,&quot;U+0645&quot;,&quot;arabic letter meem&quot;,&quot;m&quot;,&quot;m&quot;],[&quot;\u0646&quot;,&quot;U+0646&quot;,&quot;arabic letter noon&quot;,&quot;n&quot;,&quot;n&quot;],[&quot;\u0648&quot;,&quot;U+0648&quot;,&quot;arabic letter waw&quot;,&quot;v \/ \u016b \/ aw&quot;,&quot;v, u\u02d0, ow&quot;],[&quot;\u0647&quot;,&quot;U+0647&quot;,&quot;arabic letter heh&quot;,&quot;h&quot;,&quot;h&quot;],[&quot;\u06cc&quot;,&quot;U+06CC&quot;,&quot;arabic letter farsi yeh&quot;,&quot;y \/ \u012b \/ ay&quot;,&quot;j, i\u02d0, ej&quot;]]}\">\n<div class=\"pf-lx-chart__bar\" hidden><label class=\"pf-lx-field\"><span>H\u0259rf tap\u0131n<\/span><input type=\"search\" class=\"pf-lx-chart__q\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><\/label><p class=\"pf-lx-chart__count\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p><\/div>\n<ol class=\"pf-lx-chart__grid\" role=\"list\" dir=\"rtl\"><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"0\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0627<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">\u0101 \/ not written<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"1\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0628<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">b<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"2\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u067e<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">p<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"3\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062a<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"4\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062b<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"5\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062c<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">j<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"6\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0686<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">ch<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"7\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062d<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">\u1e25<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"8\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062e<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">kh<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"9\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062f<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">d<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"10\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0630<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"11\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0631<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">r<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"12\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0632<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"13\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0698<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">zh<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"14\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0633<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"15\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0634<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">sh<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"16\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0635<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">\u1e63<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"17\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0636<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">z\u0324<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"18\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0637<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">\u1e6d<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"19\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0638<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">\u1e93<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"20\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0639<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">\u2018<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"21\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u063a<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">gh<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"22\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0641<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">f<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"23\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0642<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">q<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"24\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"25\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06af<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">g<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"26\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0644<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">l<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"27\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0645<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">m<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"28\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0646<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">n<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"29\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0648<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">v \/ \u016b \/ aw<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"30\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0647<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"31\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06cc<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">y \/ \u012b \/ ay<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n<div class=\"pf-lx-chart__detail\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><\/div>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"name\" hidden>Unicode ad\u0131<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"cp\" hidden>Kod n\u00f6qt\u0259si<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"rom\" hidden>Lat\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"ipa\" hidden>S\u0259s (IPA)<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"forms\" hidden>Formalar<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"iso\" hidden>T\u0259k<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"ini\" hidden>\u0130lkin<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"med\" hidden>Orta<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"fin\" hidden>Yekun<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"upper\" hidden>Paytaxt<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"copy\" hidden>Kopyala<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"copied\" hidden>Kopyaland\u0131<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"n\" hidden>{n} h\u0259rf<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"pick\" hidden>Formalar\u0131n\u0131, kod n\u00f6qt\u0259sini v\u0259 s\u0259sini g\u00f6rm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259rf se\u00e7in.<\/span>\n<details class=\"pf-lx-chart__table\"><summary>C\u0259dv\u0259l kimi g\u00f6st\u0259r<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">H\u0259rf<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kod n\u00f6qt\u0259si<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unicode ad\u0131<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Lat\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma<\/th><th scope=\"col\">S\u0259s (IPA)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0627<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0627<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter alef<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u0101 \/ not written<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0252\u02d0, \u0294<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0628<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0628<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter beh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">b<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">b<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u067e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+067E<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter peh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">p<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">p<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+062A<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter teh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062b<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+062B<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter theh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062c<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+062C<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter jeem<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">j<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">d\u0361\u0292<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0686<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0686<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter tcheh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">ch<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">t\u0361\u0283<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062d<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+062D<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter hah<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e25<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+062E<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter khah<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">kh<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">x<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062f<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+062F<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter dal<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">d<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">d<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0630<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0630<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter thal<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0631<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0631<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter reh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">r<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u027e<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0632<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0632<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter zain<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0698<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0698<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter jeh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">zh<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0292<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0633<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0633<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter seen<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0634<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0634<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter sheen<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">sh<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0283<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0635<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0635<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter sad<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e63<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0636<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0636<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter dad<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">z\u0324<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0637<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0637<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter tah<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e6d<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0638<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0638<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter zah<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e93<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0639<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0639<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter ain<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u2018<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0294<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u063a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+063A<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter ghain<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">gh<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0263, \u0262<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0641<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0641<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter feh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">f<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">f<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0642<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0642<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter qaf<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">q<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0262, \u0263<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06a9<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+06A9<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter keheh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06af<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+06AF<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter gaf<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">g<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0261<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0644<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0644<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter lam<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">l<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">l<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0645<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0645<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter meem<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">m<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">m<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0646<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0646<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter noon<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">n<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">n<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0648<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0648<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter waw<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">v \/ \u016b \/ aw<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">v, u\u02d0, ow<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0647<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0647<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter heh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06cc<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+06CC<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter farsi yeh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">y \/ \u012b \/ ay<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">j, i\u02d0, ej<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0622<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0622<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter alef with madda above<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u0101<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0252\u02d0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0621<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0621<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">arabic letter hamza<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u02bc<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0294<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">ZWNJ<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+200C<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">zero width non-joiner<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><\/details>\n<\/div><ul class=\"pf-list\"><li>32 h\u0259rf. Q\u0131sa saitl\u0259r adi m\u0259tnd\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131r.<\/li><li>Fars dili \u00f6z r\u0259q\u0259m formalar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 edir (CLDR say sistemi arabext), 4, 5 v\u0259 6 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259r\u0259b r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nir.<\/li><li>N\u0259st\u0259liq \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi x\u0259ttatl\u0131q \u00fcslubudur; n\u0259sx adi \u00e7ap \u00fcslubudur.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cldr.unicode.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">T\u0259sdiql\u0259nib<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/versions\/Unicode18.0.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">T\u0259sdiql\u0259nib<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-anchor\" id=\"translit\"><\/span><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s2\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">02<\/span>Transliterasiya<\/h2>\n  \n  <div class=\"pf-mod pf-lx-tr\" id=\"pf-lx-tr-fa-alalc\" data-pf-mod=\"translit\" data-lx=\"{&quot;fa-alalc&quot;:{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Persian to Latin, ALA-LC (2012)&quot;,&quot;from&quot;:&quot;fa&quot;,&quot;to&quot;:&quot;Latn&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:&quot;alalc-persian&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;rtl&quot;,&quot;map&quot;:{&quot;\u0628&quot;:&quot;b&quot;,&quot;\u067e&quot;:&quot;p&quot;,&quot;\u062a&quot;:&quot;t&quot;,&quot;\u062b&quot;:&quot;s&quot;,&quot;\u062c&quot;:&quot;j&quot;,&quot;\u0686&quot;:&quot;ch&quot;,&quot;\u062d&quot;:&quot;\u1e25&quot;,&quot;\u062e&quot;:&quot;kh&quot;,&quot;\u062f&quot;:&quot;d&quot;,&quot;\u0630&quot;:&quot;z&quot;,&quot;\u0631&quot;:&quot;r&quot;,&quot;\u0632&quot;:&quot;z&quot;,&quot;\u0698&quot;:&quot;zh&quot;,&quot;\u0633&quot;:&quot;s&quot;,&quot;\u0634&quot;:&quot;sh&quot;,&quot;\u0635&quot;:&quot;\u1e63&quot;,&quot;\u0636&quot;:&quot;z\u0324&quot;,&quot;\u0637&quot;:&quot;\u1e6d&quot;,&quot;\u0638&quot;:&quot;\u1e93&quot;,&quot;\u0639&quot;:&quot;\u2018&quot;,&quot;\u063a&quot;:&quot;gh&quot;,&quot;\u0641&quot;:&quot;f&quot;,&quot;\u0642&quot;:&quot;q&quot;,&quot;\u06a9&quot;:&quot;k&quot;,&quot;\u0643&quot;:&quot;k&quot;,&quot;\u06af&quot;:&quot;g&quot;,&quot;\u0644&quot;:&quot;l&quot;,&quot;\u0645&quot;:&quot;m&quot;,&quot;\u0646&quot;:&quot;n&quot;,&quot;\u0647&quot;:&quot;h&quot;,&quot;\u0629&quot;:&quot;t&quot;,&quot;\u0622&quot;:&quot;\u0101&quot;,&quot;\u0621&quot;:&quot;\u02bc&quot;,&quot;\u0623&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;\u0624&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;\u0626&quot;:&quot;\u02bc&quot;,&quot;\u200c&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;vowels&quot;:{&quot;alef&quot;:&quot;\u0101&quot;,&quot;alefInitial&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;vav&quot;:[&quot;v&quot;,&quot;\u016b&quot;],&quot;yeh&quot;:[&quot;y&quot;,&quot;\u012b&quot;]},&quot;chars&quot;:&quot;\u06cc \u064a \u0648 \u0627&quot;,&quot;note&quot;:&quot;Letter by letter. Short vowels are not written in Persian, so a full romanisation needs them supplied from a dictionary. \u0648 and \u06cc are read as consonants at the start of a word or beside a vowel letter, otherwise as long vowels.&quot;,&quot;sample&quot;:&quot;\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc&quot;}}\">\n<div class=\"pf-lx-tr__form\" hidden>\n\n<label class=\"pf-lx-field pf-lx-field--wide\"><span>M\u0259tn<\/span><textarea class=\"pf-lx-tr__in\" rows=\"2\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" spellcheck=\"false\">\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/textarea><\/label>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"pf-lx-tr__std-name\">Farscadan lat\u0131n qrafikas\u0131na, ALA-LC (2012)<\/p>\n<div class=\"pf-lx-tr__pair\"><p class=\"pf-lx-tr__src\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-tr__out\" aria-live=\"polite\" translate=\"no\" dir=\"ltr\">zb\u0101n f\u0101rs\u012b<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"pf-lx-note pf-lx-tr__note\">H\u0259rfb\u0259h\u0259rf. Q\u0131sa saitl\u0259r fars dilind\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131r, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 tam romanla\u015fd\u0131rma \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlar l\u00fc\u011f\u0259td\u0259n \u0259lav\u0259 olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0648 v\u0259 \u06cc s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 v\u0259 ya sait h\u0259rfin yan\u0131nda samit kimi, ba\u015fqa hallarda uzun sait kimi oxunur.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pf-lx-note\">Yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z he\u00e7 n\u0259 brauzerinizd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131r. T\u0259dris vasit\u0259sidir: istifad\u0259 etm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l ist\u0259nil\u0259n m\u0259tni standartla yoxlay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<details class=\"pf-lx-chart__table\"><summary>Farscadan lat\u0131n qrafikas\u0131na, ALA-LC (2012)<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">H\u0259rf<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Olur<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0628<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">b<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u067e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">p<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062b<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062c<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">j<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0686<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">ch<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062d<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e25<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">kh<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062f<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">d<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0630<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0631<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">r<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0632<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0698<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">zh<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0633<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0634<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">sh<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0635<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e63<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0636<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">z\u0324<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0637<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e6d<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0638<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e93<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0639<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u2018<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u063a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">gh<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0641<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">f<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0642<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">q<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06a9<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0643<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06af<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">g<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0644<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">l<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0645<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">m<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0646<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">n<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0647<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0629<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0622<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u0101<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0621<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u02bc<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0623<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">not written<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0624<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">not written<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0626<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u02bc<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/catdir\/cpso\/romanization\/persian.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Library of Congress. ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Persian, 2012 version.<\/a> (2012)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">T\u0259sdiql\u0259nib<\/span><\/p><\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-anchor\" id=\"numerals\"><\/span><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s3\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">03<\/span>R\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r<\/h2>\n  \n  <div class=\"pf-mod pf-lx-num\" id=\"pf-lx-num-latn-arabext\" data-pf-mod=\"numerals\" data-lx=\"{&quot;systems&quot;:[[&quot;latn&quot;,&quot;Western digits&quot;,&quot;0123456789&quot;,0],[&quot;arabext&quot;,&quot;Extended Arabic-Indic (Persian) digits&quot;,&quot;\u06f0\u06f1\u06f2\u06f3\u06f4\u06f5\u06f6\u06f7\u06f8\u06f9&quot;,0]]}\">\n<p class=\"pf-lx-num__in\" hidden><label class=\"pf-lx-field\"><span>Say<\/span><input type=\"text\" inputmode=\"numeric\" value=\"2026\" autocomplete=\"off\" dir=\"ltr\"><\/label><\/p>\n<dl class=\"pf-lx-num__out\"><div class=\"pf-lx-num__row\"><dt>Q\u0259rb r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259ri <span class=\"pf-lx-code\" translate=\"no\">latn<\/span><\/dt><dd data-lx-sys=\"latn\" translate=\"no\" dir=\"ltr\">2026<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-lx-num__row\"><dt>Geni\u015fl\u0259ndirilmi\u015f \u0259r\u0259b-hind (fars) r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259ri <span class=\"pf-lx-code\" translate=\"no\">arabext<\/span><\/dt><dd data-lx-sys=\"arabext\" translate=\"no\" dir=\"ltr\">\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6<\/dd><\/div><\/dl>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"range\" hidden>H\u0259rf r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259ri 1-d\u0259n {max}-a q\u0259d\u0259r olan \u0259d\u0259dl\u0259ri \u0259hat\u0259 edir.<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"bad\" hidden>Tam \u0259d\u0259di bu r\u0259q\u0259m sisteml\u0259rinin ist\u0259nil\u0259nind\u0259 yaz\u0131n.<\/span>\n<p class=\"pf-lx-note\">Unicode CLDR say sisteml\u0259rind\u0259n r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r. Fars r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259ri 4, 5 v\u0259 6 r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rinin formas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nir.<\/p>\n<details class=\"pf-lx-chart__table\"><summary>C\u0259dv\u0259l kimi g\u00f6st\u0259r<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">R\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r<\/th><th scope=\"col\">0<\/th><th scope=\"col\">1<\/th><th scope=\"col\">2<\/th><th scope=\"col\">3<\/th><th scope=\"col\">4<\/th><th scope=\"col\">5<\/th><th scope=\"col\">6<\/th><th scope=\"col\">7<\/th><th scope=\"col\">8<\/th><th scope=\"col\">9<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Q\u0259rb r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259ri<\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">0<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">1<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">2<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">3<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">4<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">5<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">6<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">7<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">8<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">9<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Geni\u015fl\u0259ndirilmi\u015f \u0259r\u0259b-hind (fars) r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259ri<\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u06f0<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u06f1<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u06f2<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u06f3<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u06f4<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u06f5<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u06f6<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u06f7<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u06f8<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u06f9<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s4\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">04<\/span>Dur\u011fu i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri<\/h2>\n  \n  <p class=\"pf-lx-punct\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u060c \u061b \u061f \u00ab \u00bb \u066b \u066c<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s5\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">05<\/span>Standartlar<\/h2>\n  \n  <dl class=\"pf-facts\"><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>ISO 15924<\/dt><dd><span translate=\"no\">Arab<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Unicode bloklar\u0131<\/dt><dd><span translate=\"no\">Arabic (U+0600 to U+06FF), Arabic Supplement (U+0750 to U+077F), Arabic Presentation Forms-A and -B<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Unicode CLDR lokal\u0131<\/dt><dd><span translate=\"no\">fa<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>R\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r<\/dt><dd><span translate=\"no\">Extended Arabic-Indic (Persian) digits (arabext)<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Qo\u015fulma<\/dt><dd>H\u0259rfl\u0259r qon\u015fular\u0131na birl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 m\u00f6vqey\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 forma d\u0259yi\u015fir.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/iso15924\/\" rel=\"noopener\">ISO 15924 codes for the representation of names of scripts. Unicode Consortium, registration authority.<\/a> (2025)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">T\u0259sdiql\u0259nib<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/versions\/Unicode18.0.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">T\u0259sdiql\u0259nib<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cldr.unicode.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">T\u0259sdiql\u0259nib<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s6\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">06<\/span>Bu \u0259lifba il\u0259 yaz\u0131lan dill\u0259r<\/h2>\n  \n  <ul class=\"pf-cards pf-cards--3 pf-cards--lx-lang\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  \n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><span class=\"pf-lx-card__native\" lang=\"lki\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/languages\/lki\/\">L\u0259kc\u0259<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Loristan, \u0130lam v\u0259 Kirman\u015fah; t\u0259snifat\u0131 m\u00fcbahis\u0259lidir<\/p>\n  \n<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section><details class=\"pf-cite\" id=\"cite\"><summary>Bu s\u0259hif\u0259y\u0259 istinad edin<\/summary><div class=\"pf-cite__body\"><dl class=\"pf-cite__list\">\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">APA<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-apa\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). <i>Persian alphabet<\/i>. kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/scripts\/persian\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/persian\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-apa\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kopyala<\/span><span hidden>Kopyaland\u0131<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">Chicago<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-chicago\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. \u201cPersian Alphabet.\u201d kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/scripts\/persian\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/persian\/<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-chicago\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kopyala<\/span><span hidden>Kopyaland\u0131<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">BibTeX<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" translate=\"no\">@misc{kco2026_language_scripts_persian,\n\tauthor = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}},\n\tyear = {2026},\n\tnote = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},\n\ttitle = {Persian alphabet},\n\turl = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/persian\/},\n\thowpublished = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/persian\/},\n}\n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kopyala<\/span><span hidden>Kopyaland\u0131<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_language_scripts_persian.bib\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_language_scripts_persian.bib\" download=\"kco2026_language_scripts_persian.bib\">Y\u00fckl\u0259 <span translate=\"no\">.bib<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">RIS<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-ris\" translate=\"no\">TY  - ELEC\nAU  - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization\nDA  - 2026\/\/\/\nPY  - 2026\nID  - kco2026_language_scr\nN1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0\nTI  - Persian alphabet\nUR  - https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/persian\/\nER  - \n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-ris\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kopyala<\/span><span hidden>Kopyaland\u0131<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_language_scripts_persian.ris\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_language_scripts_persian.ris\" download=\"kco2026_language_scripts_persian.ris\">Y\u00fckl\u0259 <span translate=\"no\">.ris<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<\/dl><p class=\"pf-cite__meta\">Lisenziya <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" translate=\"no\" rel=\"license\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s7\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">07<\/span>T\u0259dqiqat v\u0259 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Bu s\u0259hif\u0259nin m\u00f6vzusu \u00fczr\u0259 yeni v\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq i\u015fl\u0259r, t\u0259sdiql\u0259nmi\u015f a\u00e7\u0131q elmi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n. Yaln\u0131z metam\u0259lumat v\u0259 ke\u00e7idl\u0259r. Ba\u015fl\u0131qlar d\u0259rc olundu\u011fu kimi qal\u0131r. H\u0259l\u0259 yoxlan\u0131lmay\u0131b.<\/p>\n  <ol class=\"pf-srchub\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arxiv.2110.12374\" rel=\"noopener\">Transliterating Kurdish texts in Latin into Persian-Arabic script<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Hossein Hassani \u00b7 2021 \u00b7 arXiv<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Preprint<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">arXiv<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">A\u00e7\u0131q giri\u015f<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/a19090795\" rel=\"noopener\">Synthetic Data-Driven Transformer OCR for Kurdish Sorani via Dynamic Line Generation and Script-Aware Normalization<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Hawraz A. Ahmad \u00b7 2026 \u00b7 Algorithms<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">M\u0259qal\u0259<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">A\u00e7\u0131q giri\u015f<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dib.2025.111648\" rel=\"noopener\">KSTRV1: A scene text recognition dataset for central Kurdish in (Arabic-Based) script<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sardar Omar Salih, Karwan Jacksi \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 Data in Brief<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">M\u0259qal\u0259<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Europe PMC<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">A\u00e7\u0131q giri\u015f<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app11209752\" rel=\"noopener\">Exploiting Script Similarities to Compensate for the Large Amount of Data in Training Tesseract LSTM: Towards Kurdish OCR<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Saman Idrees, Hossein Hassani \u00b7 2021 \u00b7 Applied Sciences<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">M\u0259qal\u0259<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">A\u00e7\u0131q giri\u015f<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/2024.sigmorphon-1.6\" rel=\"noopener\">The Effect of Model Capacity and Script Diversity on Subword Tokenization for Sorani Kurdish<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Ali Salehi, Cassandra L. Jacobs \u00b7 2024 \u00b7 Proceedings of the 21st SIGMORPHON workshop on Computational Research in Phonetics, Phonology, and Morphology<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">M\u0259qal\u0259<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26750\/8yqzyj70\" rel=\"noopener\">Comparison Study of Kurdish Language Alphabet to the Kurdistan Newspaper and the Current Form of Kurdish Language<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Unknown Author \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 Journal of Raparin University<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">M\u0259qal\u0259<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25212\/lfu.qzj.10.2.5\" rel=\"noopener\">Solving the Issues of Kurdish Orthography according to Linguistics the issues of the syllable level as an example<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">2025 \u00b7 Qalaai Zanist Scientific Journal<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">M\u0259qal\u0259<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20944\/preprints202608.1477.v1\" rel=\"noopener\">Measuring Unadapted ASR on Garrusi Kurdish: Common-Reference Scoring Across Orthographic Representations<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Asadpour H \u00b7 2026 \u00b7 Preprints.org<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Preprint<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Europe PMC<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25007\/ajnu.v9n1a584\" rel=\"noopener\">Kurdish- Arabic Text in Computer with Non-Standards, Challenges and Recommendations<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sardar O. Salih \u00b7 2020 \u00b7 Academic Journal of Nawroz University<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">M\u0259qal\u0259<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">A\u00e7\u0131q giri\u015f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25130\/lang.8.2.7\" rel=\"noopener\">Computational linguistics and its role in the Kurdish language Orthography and voice as a model<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Gulstan Muhammad Raheem, Dara Hamid Muhammad \u00b7 2024 \u00b7 JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">M\u0259qal\u0259<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2004.14134\" rel=\"noopener\">Using Punkt for Sentence Segmentation in non-Latin Scripts: Experiments on Kurdish (Sorani) Texts<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Roshna Omer Abdulrahman, Hossein Hassani \u00b7 2020 \u00b7 arXiv<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Preprint<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">arXiv<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">A\u00e7\u0131q giri\u015f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25007\/ajnu.v7n3a206\" rel=\"noopener\">Extend an Algorithm of Auto-converting Kurdish Written Scripts in Websites: from Latin Characters to Kurdish\/Arabic Characters and Vice Versa<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sardar Salih \u00b7 2018 \u00b7 Academic Journal of Nawroz University<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">M\u0259qal\u0259<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">A\u00e7\u0131q giri\u015f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"pf-srchub__foot\">M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r, lisenziyalar v\u0259 al\u0131nma tarixl\u0259ri: <span translate=\"no\">arXiv (<a href=\"https:\/\/info.arxiv.org\/help\/api\/tou.html\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0; papers under their own licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Crossref (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.crossref.org\/documentation\/retrieve-metadata\/rest-api\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DataCite (<a href=\"https:\/\/support.datacite.org\/docs\/datacite-metadata-schema\" rel=\"noopener\">CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (<a href=\"https:\/\/doaj.org\/terms\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Europe PMC (<a href=\"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/Copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata reusable; full text under each article&#8217;s licence<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (<a href=\"https:\/\/graph.openaire.eu\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)<\/a>), 2026-10-23.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<aside class=\"pf-closing\" aria-label=\"Biziml\u0259 birlikd\u0259 qurun\"><div class=\"pf-closing__text\"><h2 class=\"pf-closing__title\">Biziml\u0259 birlikd\u0259 qurun<\/h2><p>\u00dczv olun v\u0259 ya \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinizin n\u0259y\u0259 ehtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funu biz\u0259 deyin. 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translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/lebanon\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Livan<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Suriya<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">T\u00fcrkiy\u0259<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>\u015eimali Amerika<\/dt><dd><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Amerika Birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f \u015etatlar\u0131<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Kanada<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"pf-netfoot__col\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">\u0130\u015ftirak edin<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/membership\/\">\u00dczvl\u00fck<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/join\/\">Qo\u015fulun<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/get-involved\/\">\u0130\u015ftirak edin<\/a><\/li><li data-pf-auth=\"guest\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/login\/?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fkurds.global%2Faz%2Fstart%2F\" rel=\"noopener\">Daxil olun<\/a><\/li><li data-pf-auth=\"member\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/az\/start\/\">Buradan ba\u015flay\u0131n<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/contact\/\" rel=\"noopener\">\u018flaq\u0259<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-netfoot__col\"><h2 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data-pf-langs=\"\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"en\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">English<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"kmr\" lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">Kurmanc\u00ee<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ckb\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"ckb\" lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ar\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fa\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/tr\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\" dir=\"ltr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"az\" lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\" aria-current=\"true\">Az\u0259rbaycanca<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"de\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\">Deutsch<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/es\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"es\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">Espa\u00f1ol<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fr\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/hi\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/id\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"id\" lang=\"id\" dir=\"ltr\">Bahasa Indonesia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/it\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"it\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">Italiano<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ja\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ko\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\" dir=\"ltr\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"pt\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\">Portugu\u00eas<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ru\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/zh\/scripts\/persian\/\" hreflang=\"zh\" lang=\"zh\" dir=\"ltr\">\u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <p class=\"pf-netfoot__legal\"><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization (KCO)<\/span> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/guide\/charter-of-the-kurdish-cooperation-organization-kco\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Nizamnam\u0259 versiyas\u0131<\/a> <span class=\"pf-nf__ver\" dir=\"ltr\">1.0.0.1<\/span><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-netfoot__pos\">K\u00fcrd \u018fm\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 k\u00fcrd icmalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qil, h\u0259mkardan h\u0259mkara t\u0259hsil v\u0259 inki\u015faf \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sidir. O, universitet deyil v\u0259 he\u00e7 bir ictimai s\u0259lahiyy\u0259t iddia etmir. <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Bu \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 haqq\u0131nda: n\u0259 oldu\u011fumuz v\u0259 n\u0259 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/footer>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KCOkurds.global KCODil \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 Sah\u0259l\u0259r 01Akademiya Biliyin h\u0259r sah\u0259si, b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u00fcrd dili variantlar\u0131nda kurslar v\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 icmalar\u0131. 02\u0130rs Zaqros da\u011flar\u0131ndan bu g\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r tarix, yadda\u015f, inanclar, inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t, \u0259d\u0259biyyat v\u0259 m\u0259tb\u0259x. 03Dil &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/scripts\/persian\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Persian alphabet&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":71,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_buddyx_sub_header_visibility":"","_buddyx_sub_header_title_visibility":"","_hide_show_side_panel":"","_buddyxpro_page_sidebar":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_header":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_footer":"","_buddyxpro_page_content_width":"","_buddyxpro_page_header_style":"","_buddyxpro_page_color_mode":"","_buddyxpro_page_loader":"","_nx_seo_description":"","_nx_seo_title":"","_nx_seo_image":"","_nx_seo_jsonld":"","_nx_i18n_locale":"","_nx_i18n_group":"","footnotes":"","_nx_seo_image_alt":"","_nx_seo_canonical":"","_nx_seo_robots":"","_nx_seo_schema_type":""},"class_list":["post-220","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/220","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=220"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/220\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/71"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}