{"id":240,"date":"2026-11-01T18:22:32","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:22:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/"},"modified":"2026-11-01T18:22:32","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:22:32","slug":"hac","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/","title":{"rendered":"Gorani \/ Hawrami"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"pf\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\" data-site=\"\/language\/\" data-net=\"kco\" data-kit=\"d46\" data-kind=\"page\">\n<div class=\"pf-top pf-nv\" data-pf-nav=\"\" data-pf-more=\"Mehr\">\n<a class=\"pf-brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/de\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"5\" 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width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><\/g><\/svg><span><b>KCO<\/b><small translate=\"no\">kurds.global<\/small><\/span><\/a><a class=\"pf-nv__site pf-scope\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/\" data-area=\"language\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M20 10c0 4.993-5.539 10.193-7.399 11.799a1 1 0 0 1-1.202 0C9.539 20.193 4 14.993 4 10a8 8 0 0 1 16 0\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"10\" r=\"3\" \/><\/svg><span class=\"pf-scope__crumbs\"><b>KCO<\/b><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"m9 18 6-6-6-6\" \/><\/svg><span>Sprache<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n<nav class=\"pf-nv__menu\" id=\"pf-nv-menu\" aria-label=\"Netzwerk\"><ul class=\"pf-nv__bar\"><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"network\" data-pf-lazy=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-network\" data-tip=\"Netzwerk\"><span>Netzwerk<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"14\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"14\" y=\"14\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"3\" y=\"14\" rx=\"1\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-network\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--network\">\n<div class=\"pf-nv__primary\"><p class=\"pf-nv__h\">Bereiche<\/p><ol class=\"pf-nv__svcs\"><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"learn\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/de\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span>Akademie<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Jedes Wissensgebiet, Kurse in allen kurdischen Variet\u00e4ten und Praxisgemeinschaften.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"heritage\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/de\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span>Kulturerbe<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Geschichte vom Zagros bis heute, Erinnerung, Glaubensgemeinschaften, K\u00fcnste, Literatur und K\u00fcche.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"language\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/\" aria-current=\"page\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span>Sprache<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Kurmandschi, Sorani, Zazaki, S\u00fcdkurdisch und Gorani, in jeder Schrift.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"research\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/de\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span>Forschung<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Kurdologie: die Beobachtungsstelle, Leselisten und neue Forschung.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"opportunities\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/opportunities\/de\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span>Chancen<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Lebensgrundlagen, F\u00e4higkeiten, Stellen, Mentoring und Br\u00fccken zwischen Diaspora und Region.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"civic\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/civic\/de\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">06<\/span><span>Teilhabe<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Politische Bildung, Rechtskenntnis, Hilfe bei Staatenlosigkeit und Dialog.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"development\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/development\/de\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">07<\/span><span>Entwicklung<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Sozialprogramme, Lebensgrundlagen und Katastrophenvorsorge f\u00fcr kurdische Gemeinschaften.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"news\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/de\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">08<\/span><span>Nachrichten und Termine<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Kurdische und regionale Nachrichten, jedes Medium gekennzeichnet, und der Kalender kurdischer Tage.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-nv__aside\"><p class=\"pf-nv__h\">KCO<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/de\/\">Startseite<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/de\/country-programmes\/\">L\u00e4nderprogramme<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/de\/areas\/\">Arbeitsbereiche<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/de\/calendar\/\">Kalender<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/de\/the-community\/\">Kurdische Gemeinschaften<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"countries\" data-pf-lazy=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-countries\" data-tip=\"L\u00e4nderprogramme\"><span>L\u00e4nderprogramme<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.54 15H17a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v4.54\" \/> <path d=\"M7 3.34V5a3 3 0 0 0 3 3a2 2 0 0 1 2 2c0 1.1.9 2 2 2a2 2 0 0 0 2-2c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h3.17\" \/> <path d=\"M11 21.95V18a2 2 0 0 0-2-2a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-1a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2.05\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-countries\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--countries\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\">L\u00e4nderprogramme<\/p><div hidden><\/div><p 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dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ar\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fa\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/tr\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\" dir=\"ltr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"az\" lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">Az\u0259rbaycanca<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"de\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\" aria-current=\"true\">Deutsch<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fr\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a><\/li><li><a 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Ma\u00dfgeblich ist die englische Seite.<\/p><\/aside><nav class=\"pf-crumbs\" aria-label=\"Brotkrumennavigation\"><ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/de\/\">KCO<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/\">Sprache<\/a><\/li><li aria-current=\"page\">Gorani \/ Hawrami<\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<header class=\"pf-hero\">\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__art\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"pf-rule-art pf-rule-art--wave\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 48\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path 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d=\"M0,47L0,41.2L20,43.7L40,46L60,46L80,44.4L100,43.3L120,42.6L140,42.4L160,42.6L180,42.9L200,43.4L220,43.9L240,44.5L260,44.9L280,45.4L300,45.9L320,46.5L340,46.8L360,45.9L380,44.7L400,43.4L420,41.9L440,40.5L460,39.1L480,38.1L500,37.5L520,37.5L540,38.2L560,39.5L580,41.5L600,44L620,46.9L640,44.1L660,41.1L680,38.5L700,36.4L720,35L740,34.3L760,34.4L780,35.2L800,36.6L820,38.5L840,40.6L860,42.7L880,44.7L900,46.5L920,46.1L940,45L960,44.4L980,44L1000,43.9L1020,44L1040,44.1L1060,44.2L1080,44.3L1100,44.5L1120,44.7L1140,45L1160,45.6L1180,46.4L1200,46.5\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__text\">\n    <p class=\"pf-eyebrow\"><span>Sprache<\/span><\/p>\n    <h1 class=\"pf-h1\">Gorani \/ Hawrami<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"pf-lede\">Hawraman, auf beiden Seiten der Grenze zwischen Iran und Irak<\/p>\n    <p class=\"pf-actions\"><a class=\"pf-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/de\/join\/\">Diese Sprache unterst\u00fctzen<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/writing\/\">Schrift<\/a><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__aside\"><p class=\"pf-specimen\" lang=\"hac\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0647\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u06cc<\/p><\/div>\n  \n<\/header>\n<nav class=\"pf-lx-tabs\" aria-label=\"Gorani \/ Hawrami: Seiten\"><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/\" aria-current=\"page\">\u00dcberblick<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/writing\/\">Schrift<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/linguistics\/\">Linguistik<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/learn\/\">Lernen<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/resources\/\">Ressourcen und Bewahrung<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n<nav class=\"pf-toc\" aria-label=\"Auf dieser Seite\"><p class=\"pf-toc__h\">Auf dieser Seite<\/p><ol><li><a href=\"#s1\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">01<\/span><span>Die Sprache<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s2\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">02<\/span><span>Namen und Perspektiven<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s3\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">03<\/span><span>Wo sie gesprochen wird und von wie vielen<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s4\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">04<\/span><span>Status<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s5\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">05<\/span><span>Variet\u00e4ten und Dialekte<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s6\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">06<\/span><span>Seiten dieser Sprache<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s7\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">07<\/span><span>Kurse<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s8\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">08<\/span><span>Wie Sie helfen k\u00f6nnen<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s9\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">09<\/span><span>Quellen<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s10\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">10<\/span><span>Forschung und Quellen<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s1\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">01<\/span>Die Sprache<\/h2>\n  \n  <dl class=\"pf-facts\"><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Codes<\/dt><dd><span translate=\"no\">ISO 639-3: hac \u00b7 Glottocode: gura1251 \u00b7 page code: hac<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Familie<\/dt><dd><span translate=\"no\">Indo-European \u203a Classical Indo-European \u203a Indo-Iranian \u203a Iranian-Nuristani \u203a Iranian \u203a Central Iranian PBS \u203a Central Iranian PB \u203a Northwestern Iranian \u203a Adharic \u203a Gorani<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Schrift<\/dt><dd>Arab, von rechts nach links<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Oberfl\u00e4che<\/dt><dd><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">In Vorbereitung<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Plattformphase<\/dt><dd>Nach Bedarf<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Technische Unterst\u00fctzung<\/dt><dd>Von gro\u00dfen Suchmaschinen nicht unterst\u00fctzt<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Angezeigt mit<\/dt><dd>Estedad<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Anmerkungen<\/dt><dd>Literarische Koine von Ardalan und der Schriften der Yarsan; gef\u00e4hrdet<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">Quellen<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/glottolog.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Hammarstr\u00f6m, Forkel, Haspelmath and Bank. Glottolog 5.3. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.<\/a> (2025)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Gepr\u00fcft<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iso639-3.sil.org\" rel=\"noopener\">ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority.<\/a> (2025)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s2\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">02<\/span>Namen und Perspektiven<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Wo Namen, Einordnung oder Identit\u00e4t umstritten sind, wird jede Sicht mit ihren Quellen gezeigt. Die Plattform ergreift keine Partei.<\/p>\n  <ul class=\"pf-lx-endo\" role=\"list\"><li><span lang=\"hac\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0647\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u06cc<\/span> <span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">hewram\u00ee<\/span><\/li><li><span lang=\"hac\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06af\u06c6\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/span> <span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">goran\u00ee<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"pf-lx-views\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-lx-view\"><h3 class=\"pf-lx-view__t\">Namen<\/h3><p>Gorani bezeichnet die weitere Gruppe sowie die Literatursprache des Hofes von Ardalan und der Schriften der Yarsan. Hawrami ist ihre wichtigste lebende Variet\u00e4t. ISO 639-3 verwendet den Namen Gurani (hac).<\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">Quellen<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">MacKenzie. The Dialect of Awroman (Hawraman-\u012b Luh\u014dn). Munksgaard. (1966)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">Mahmoudveysi, Bailey, Paul and Haig. The Gorani Language of Gawraju. Reichert. (2012)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iso639-3.sil.org\" rel=\"noopener\">ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority.<\/a> (2025)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-view\"><h3 class=\"pf-lx-view__t\">Klassifikation und Identit\u00e4t<\/h3><p>Die Linguistik ordnet Gorani dem Nordwestiranischen zu, au\u00dferhalb der kurdischen Gruppe. Glottolog stellt es zu Zazaki. Die meisten Sprechenden verstehen sich als Kurdinnen und Kurden und nennen Hawrami einen kurdischen Dialekt.<\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">Quellen<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/glottolog.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Hammarstr\u00f6m, Forkel, Haspelmath and Bank. Glottolog 5.3. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.<\/a> (2025)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Gepr\u00fcft<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">MacKenzie. The Dialect of Awroman (Hawraman-\u012b Luh\u014dn). Munksgaard. (1966)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">Haig and \u00d6pengin. Kurdish: A critical research overview. Kurdish Studies 2 (2). (2014)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s3\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">03<\/span>Wo sie gesprochen wird und von wie vielen<\/h2>\n  \n  <p>Hawraman, auf beiden Seiten der Grenze zwischen Iran und Irak<\/p><div class=\"pf-lx-unknown\"><p class=\"pf-lx-unknown__v\">Unbekannt<\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-unknown__t\">Sprechende: F\u00fcr diese Plattform wurde noch keine Sprecherzahl gepr\u00fcft. Sie bleibt unbekannt, bis eine Zahl aus einer Volksz\u00e4hlung oder Erhebung mit Messgr\u00f6\u00dfe, Jahr und Quelle gepr\u00fcft ist.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s4\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">04<\/span>Status<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Der UNESCO-Weltatlas der Sprachen ist die Quelle der Vereinten Nationen. Sein Status steht zuerst und bleibt zu pr\u00fcfen, bis der Atlas gelesen werden kann. Daneben fasst der Agglomerated Endangerment Status in Glottolog den Catalogue of Endangered Languages, den UNESCO-Atlas und Ethnologue zusammen. Ethnologue erscheint nur als Sekund\u00e4rquelle.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Eintrag<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Status<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Grundlage<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Quelle<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">UNESCO-Weltatlas der Sprachen<\/th><td><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><\/td><td><\/td><td><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wal.unesco.org\" rel=\"noopener\">UNESCO. World Atlas of Languages.<\/a> (2025)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span translate=\"no\">Gurani<\/span><\/th><td><span class=\"pf-lx-aes pf-lx-aes--pend\">Gef\u00e4hrdet<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">Vulnerable<\/span><\/td><td><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">Campbell, Lee, Okura, Simpson and Ueki. The Catalogue of Endangered Languages (ElCat). (2022)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--secondary\">Sekund\u00e4rquelle<\/span> <span class=\"pf-lx-via\">\u00fcber Glottolog<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s5\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">05<\/span>Variet\u00e4ten und Dialekte<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Dialektgruppen, wie Glottolog sie verzeichnet. Die Namen bleiben wie ver\u00f6ffentlicht.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"pf-lx-dia\"><div class=\"pf-lx-dia__g\"><h3 class=\"pf-lx-dia__t\" translate=\"no\">Gurani<\/h3><p class=\"pf-lx-dia__m\">7 Dialekte erfasst<\/p><ul class=\"pf-lx-dia__list\" role=\"list\" translate=\"no\"><li>Hawraman-I Luhon<\/li><li>Hawraman-I Taxt<\/li><li>Kakai<\/li><li>Nuclear Gurani<\/li><li>Zardayana<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">Quellen<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/glottolog.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Hammarstr\u00f6m, Forkel, Haspelmath and Bank. Glottolog 5.3. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.<\/a> (2025)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Gepr\u00fcft<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s6\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">06<\/span>Seiten dieser Sprache<\/h2>\n  \n  <ul class=\"pf-cards pf-cards--2\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  \n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/writing\/\">Schrift<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Schriften, Alphabettafel, Umschrift, Ziffern, Tastaturen und Schriftarten.<\/p>\n  \n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  \n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/linguistics\/\">Linguistik<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Laute in IPA, Aussprache, Grammatik und Grundw\u00f6rter im Vergleich mit Nachbarsprachen.<\/p>\n  \n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  \n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/learn\/\">Lernen<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Ein Weg von den ersten Schritten bis zur Sprachbeherrschung, mit Kursen, Pr\u00fcfungen und Programmen f\u00fcr Herkunftssprachen.<\/p>\n  \n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  \n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/resources\/\">Ressourcen und Bewahrung<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">W\u00f6rterb\u00fccher, Korpora, Bibliotheken und Medien; Gef\u00e4hrdung und Dokumentation; wie Sie mitwirken k\u00f6nnen.<\/p>\n  \n<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s7\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">07<\/span>Kurse<\/h2>\n  \n  <ul class=\"pf-cards pf-cards--3\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  \n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/de\/catalogue\/gorani-and-hawrami\/\">Gorani und Hawrami<\/a><\/h3>\n  \n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\"><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Geplant<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s8\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">08<\/span>Wie Sie helfen k\u00f6nnen<\/h2>\n  \n  <ul class=\"pf-list\"><li>Muttersprachliche \u00dcbersetzende: \u00dcbersetzen Sie die Seiten ins Gorani \/ Hawrami. Diese Sprache wird nur von Menschen \u00fcbersetzt.<\/li><li>Lehrkr\u00e4fte: Unterrichten Sie Gorani und Hawrami oder helfen Sie, den Kurs zu schreiben.<\/li><li>Quellen: Weisen Sie das Forschungsteam auf offen lizenzierte W\u00f6rterb\u00fccher, Korpora und Aufnahmen hin. Jede Quelle kommt zur Pr\u00fcfung in das Quellenregister.<\/li><li>Schriften und Tastaturen: Melden Sie jeden Buchstaben, der nicht richtig angezeigt oder getippt wird.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s9\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">09<\/span>Quellen<\/h2>\n  \n  <ol class=\"pf-lx-bib\" role=\"list\"><li id=\"src-glottolog\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/glottolog.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Hammarstr\u00f6m, Forkel, Haspelmath and Bank. Glottolog 5.3. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.<\/a> <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2025<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Gepr\u00fcft<\/span> <span translate=\"no\">CC BY 4.0<\/span> Klassifikation, Dialektgruppen und Agglomerated Endangerment Status (AES), gelesen am 2026-10-23.<\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-mackenzie1966\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">MacKenzie. The Dialect of Awroman (Hawraman-\u012b Luh\u014dn). Munksgaard. <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">1966<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-mahmoudveysi2012\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">Mahmoudveysi, Bailey, Paul and Haig. The Gorani Language of Gawraju. Reichert. <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2012<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-iso639-3\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iso639-3.sil.org\" rel=\"noopener\">ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority.<\/a> <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2025<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span> Codes \u00fcber Glottolog-Eintr\u00e4ge gegengepr\u00fcft; die Codetabellen selbst wurden nicht gelesen.<\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-haig-opengin2014\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">Haig and \u00d6pengin. Kurdish: A critical research overview. Kurdish Studies 2 (2). <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2014<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-unesco-wal\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wal.unesco.org\" rel=\"noopener\">UNESCO. World Atlas of Languages.<\/a> <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2025<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Zu pr\u00fcfen<\/span> Bei der Pr\u00fcfung am 2026-10-23 nicht erreichbar. Sein Status f\u00fcr jede Sprache ist zu pr\u00fcfen.<\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-elcat\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">Campbell, Lee, Okura, Simpson and Ueki. The Catalogue of Endangered Languages (ElCat). <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2022<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--secondary\">Sekund\u00e4rquelle<\/span> Nur so zitiert, wie Glottolog es angibt (dessen AES-Quelle).<\/p><\/li><\/ol>\n<\/section><details class=\"pf-cite\" id=\"cite\"><summary>Diese Seite zitieren<\/summary><div class=\"pf-cite__body\"><dl class=\"pf-cite__list\">\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">APA<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-apa\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). <i>Gorani \/ Hawrami<\/i>. kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/hac\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-apa\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kopieren<\/span><span hidden>Kopiert<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">Chicago<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-chicago\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. \u201cGorani \/ Hawrami.\u201d kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/hac\/<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-chicago\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kopieren<\/span><span hidden>Kopiert<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">BibTeX<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" translate=\"no\">@misc{kco2026_language_languages_hac,\n\tauthor = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}},\n\tyear = {2026},\n\tnote = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},\n\ttitle = {Gorani \/ {Hawrami}},\n\turl = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/hac\/},\n\thowpublished = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/hac\/},\n}\n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kopieren<\/span><span hidden>Kopiert<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_language_languages_hac.bib\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_language_languages_hac.bib\" download=\"kco2026_language_languages_hac.bib\">Herunterladen <span translate=\"no\">.bib<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">RIS<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-ris\" translate=\"no\">TY  - ELEC\nAU  - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization\nDA  - 2026\/\/\/\nPY  - 2026\nID  - kco2026_language_lan\nN1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0\nTI  - Gorani \/ Hawrami\nUR  - https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/hac\/\nER  - \n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-ris\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kopieren<\/span><span hidden>Kopiert<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_language_languages_hac.ris\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_language_languages_hac.ris\" download=\"kco2026_language_languages_hac.ris\">Herunterladen <span translate=\"no\">.ris<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<\/dl><p class=\"pf-cite__meta\">Lizenz <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" translate=\"no\" rel=\"license\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s10\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">10<\/span>Forschung und Quellen<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Neuere und relevante Arbeiten zum Thema dieser Seite, aus zugelassenen offenen wissenschaftlichen Quellen. Nur Metadaten und Links. Titel bleiben wie ver\u00f6ffentlicht. Noch nicht gepr\u00fcft.<\/p>\n  <ol class=\"pf-srchub\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30845\/ijll.v10n3p1\" rel=\"noopener\">Gorani: A Distinct and Independent Language Not a Variety of the So-called Kurdish<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sayyed Mahdi Sadjadi \u00b7 2023 \u00b7 International Journal of Language &amp; Linguistics<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artikel<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open Access<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arxiv.2110.14398\" rel=\"noopener\">Can Linguistic Distance help Language Classification? Assessing Hawrami-Zaza and Kurmanji-Sorani<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Hossein Hassani \u00b7 2021 \u00b7 arXiv<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Preprint<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">arXiv<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open Access<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arxiv.2409.16884\" rel=\"noopener\">Shifting from endangerment to rebirth in the Artificial Intelligence Age: An Ensemble Machine Learning Approach for Hawrami Text Classification<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Aram Khaksar, Hossein Hassani \u00b7 2024 \u00b7 arXiv<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Preprint<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">arXiv<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open Access<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33137\/twpl.v45i1.41680\" rel=\"noopener\">The Ezafe in Hawrami<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sable Andrew Peters, Zaniar Naghshbandi, Arwin Rasouli \u00b7 2023 \u00b7 Toronto Working Papers in Linguistics<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artikel<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open Access<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.legalmed.2026.103000\" rel=\"noopener\">An Autosomal STR panel for population, forensic, and clinical genetics, integrated with CODIS-based analysis of the Iraqi Hawrami ethnic minority.<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Albarzinji BM, Mohammad AK, Ismael B et al. \u00b7 2026 \u00b7 Leg Med (Tokyo)<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artikel<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Europe PMC<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31918\/twejer.2031.02\" rel=\"noopener\">The Productivity of Affixes of Words Derived from Bases in Hawrami Dialect<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">2020 \u00b7 Twejer<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artikel<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open Access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783111168852-002\" rel=\"noopener\">2 Examining the structural differences and similarities between literary Gorani and Hawrami through the lens of diglossia<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Saeed Karami, Saloumeh Gholami \u00b7 2024 \u00b7 De Gruyter eBooks<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Sektion<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open Access<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-NC-ND<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25405\/ncl.34589427\" rel=\"noopener\">The noun phrase in Hawrami<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Jan Holmberg, D Odden \u00b7 2026 \u00b7 Newcastle University<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Sektion<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">Copyrighted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22126\/jlw.2021.6858.1578\" rel=\"noopener\">The Study of Social Factors&#8217; Role in Phonological and Lexical Variations in Hawrami (Paveh Dialect) based on Variationist Sociolinguistics<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Nadya Safiei, Ebrahim Badakhshan, Masood Dehghan et al. \u00b7 2022 \u00b7 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artikel<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open Access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-023-08448-8\" rel=\"noopener\">Genetic polymorphism between the Sorani and Hawrami kurdish populations and COVID-19 outcome<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Peshnyar M.A. Rashid, Gaza F. Salih \u00b7 2023 \u00b7 Molecular Biology Reports<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artikel<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open Access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jlw.razi.ac.ir\/article_508_0ef261f5164af2c3445d3b5b256f534c.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Investigating Three Morphemes \u201c-\u00e6n\u00e6\u201d, \u201c-\u00e6w\u00e6\u201d and \u201c-\u00e6\u027e\u00e6\u201d in Hawrami: Postposition or Case Marker<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Fateme Yousefirad, \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u00b7 2015 \u00b7 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artikel<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open Access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29091\/9783752005356\" rel=\"noopener\">The Gorani language of Zarda, a village of West Iran<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Parvin Mahmoudveysi, Denise Bailey \u00b7 2013 \u00b7 Reichert Verlag eBooks<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Buch<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open Access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"pf-srchub__foot\">Quellen, Lizenzen und Abrufdaten: <span translate=\"no\">arXiv (<a href=\"https:\/\/info.arxiv.org\/help\/api\/tou.html\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0; papers under their own licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Crossref (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.crossref.org\/documentation\/retrieve-metadata\/rest-api\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DataCite (<a href=\"https:\/\/support.datacite.org\/docs\/datacite-metadata-schema\" rel=\"noopener\">CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (<a href=\"https:\/\/doaj.org\/terms\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Europe PMC (<a href=\"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/Copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata reusable; full text under each article&#8217;s licence<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (<a href=\"https:\/\/graph.openaire.eu\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (<a href=\"https:\/\/help.openalex.org\/access\/pricing\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)<\/a>), 2026-10-23.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<aside class=\"pf-closing\" aria-label=\"Bauen Sie mit uns\"><div class=\"pf-closing__text\"><h2 class=\"pf-closing__title\">Bauen Sie mit uns<\/h2><p>Werden Sie Mitglied oder sagen Sie uns, was Ihre Stadt braucht. 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href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"en\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">English<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"kmr\" lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">Kurmanc\u00ee<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ckb\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"ckb\" lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ar\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fa\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/tr\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\" dir=\"ltr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"az\" lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">Az\u0259rbaycanca<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"de\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\" aria-current=\"true\">Deutsch<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/es\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"es\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">Espa\u00f1ol<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fr\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/hi\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/id\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"id\" lang=\"id\" dir=\"ltr\">Bahasa Indonesia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/it\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"it\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">Italiano<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ja\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ko\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\" dir=\"ltr\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"pt\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\">Portugu\u00eas<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ru\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/zh\/languages\/hac\/\" hreflang=\"zh\" lang=\"zh\" dir=\"ltr\">\u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <p class=\"pf-netfoot__legal\"><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization (KCO)<\/span> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/guide\/charter-of-the-kurdish-cooperation-organization-kco\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Fassung der Charta<\/a> <span class=\"pf-nf__ver\" dir=\"ltr\">1.0.0.1<\/span><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-netfoot__pos\">Die Kurdische Kooperationsorganisation ist ein unabh\u00e4ngiges Peer-to-Peer-Netzwerk f\u00fcr Bildung und Entwicklung kurdischer Gemeinschaften. Sie ist keine Universit\u00e4t und beansprucht keine hoheitliche Befugnis. <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">\u00dcber dieses Netzwerk: was wir sind und was nicht<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/footer>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KCOkurds.global KCOSprache Netzwerk Bereiche 01Akademie Jedes Wissensgebiet, Kurse in allen kurdischen Variet\u00e4ten und Praxisgemeinschaften. 02Kulturerbe Geschichte vom Zagros bis heute, Erinnerung, Glaubensgemeinschaften, K\u00fcnste, Literatur und K\u00fcche. 03Sprache Kurmandschi, Sorani, Zazaki, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/hac\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Gorani \/ Hawrami&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":81,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_buddyx_sub_header_visibility":"","_buddyx_sub_header_title_visibility":"","_hide_show_side_panel":"","_buddyxpro_page_sidebar":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_header":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_footer":"","_buddyxpro_page_content_width":"","_buddyxpro_page_header_style":"","_buddyxpro_page_color_mode":"","_buddyxpro_page_loader":"","_nx_seo_description":"","_nx_seo_title":"","_nx_seo_image":"","_nx_seo_jsonld":"","_nx_i18n_locale":"","_nx_i18n_group":"","footnotes":"","_nx_seo_image_alt":"","_nx_seo_canonical":"","_nx_seo_robots":"","_nx_seo_schema_type":""},"class_list":["post-240","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=240"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/240\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/81"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}