{"id":429,"date":"2026-11-01T18:28:50","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:28:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/scripts\/russian-cyrillic\/"},"modified":"2026-11-01T18:28:50","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:28:50","slug":"russian-cyrillic","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/scripts\/russian-cyrillic\/","title":{"rendered":"Russian Cyrillic alphabet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"pf\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\" data-site=\"\/language\/\" data-net=\"kco\" data-kit=\"d46\" data-kind=\"page\">\n<div class=\"pf-top pf-nv\" data-pf-nav=\"\" data-pf-more=\"Mais\">\n<a class=\"pf-brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/pt\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" 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Ela est\u00e1 sendo revisada por falantes nativos. A p\u00e1gina em ingl\u00eas \u00e9 a refer\u00eancia.<\/p><\/aside><nav class=\"pf-crumbs\" aria-label=\"Trilha de navega\u00e7\u00e3o\"><ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/pt\/\">KCO<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/\">L\u00edngua<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/scripts\/\">Escritas e fontes<\/a><\/li><li aria-current=\"page\">Alfabeto cir\u00edlico russo<\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<header class=\"pf-hero\">\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__art\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"pf-rule-art pf-rule-art--wave\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 48\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path 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d=\"M0,47L0,41.2L20,43.7L40,46L60,46L80,44.4L100,43.3L120,42.6L140,42.4L160,42.6L180,42.9L200,43.4L220,43.9L240,44.5L260,44.9L280,45.4L300,45.9L320,46.5L340,46.8L360,45.9L380,44.7L400,43.4L420,41.9L440,40.5L460,39.1L480,38.1L500,37.5L520,37.5L540,38.2L560,39.5L580,41.5L600,44L620,46.9L640,44.1L660,41.1L680,38.5L700,36.4L720,35L740,34.3L760,34.4L780,35.2L800,36.6L820,38.5L840,40.6L860,42.7L880,44.7L900,46.5L920,46.1L940,45L960,44.4L980,44L1000,43.9L1020,44L1040,44.1L1060,44.2L1080,44.3L1100,44.5L1120,44.7L1140,45L1160,45.6L1180,46.4L1200,46.5\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__text\">\n    <p class=\"pf-eyebrow\"><span>Escrita<\/span><\/p>\n    <h1 class=\"pf-h1\">Alfabeto cir\u00edlico russo<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"pf-lede\">33 letras.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"pf-actions\"><a class=\"pf-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/tools\/\">Ferramentas<\/a><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  \n<\/header><div class=\"pf-strip\"><dl class=\"pf-signals\"><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Letras<\/dt><dd>33<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal pf-signal--text\"><dt>ISO 15924<\/dt><dd>Cyrl<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal pf-signal--text\"><dt>Dire\u00e7\u00e3o<\/dt><dd>Da esquerda para a direita<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>L\u00ednguas aqui<\/dt><dd>1<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-anchor\" id=\"chart\"><\/span><nav class=\"pf-toc\" aria-label=\"Nesta p\u00e1gina\"><p class=\"pf-toc__h\">Nesta p\u00e1gina<\/p><ol><li><a href=\"#s1\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">01<\/span><span>Tabela do alfabeto<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s2\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">02<\/span><span>Numerais<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s3\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">03<\/span><span>Padr\u00f5es<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s4\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">04<\/span><span>L\u00ednguas escritas nela<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s5\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">05<\/span><span>Pesquisa e fontes<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s1\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">01<\/span>Tabela do alfabeto<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Letras: caracteres exemplares do Unicode CLDR para ru.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"pf-mod pf-lx-chart\" id=\"pf-lx-chart-russian-cyrillic-15\" data-pf-mod=\"scriptchart\" data-lx=\"{&quot;lang&quot;:&quot;ru&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;ltr&quot;,&quot;join&quot;:false,&quot;letters&quot;:[[&quot;\u0430&quot;,&quot;U+0430&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter a&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0431&quot;,&quot;U+0431&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter be&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0432&quot;,&quot;U+0432&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter ve&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0433&quot;,&quot;U+0433&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter ghe&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0434&quot;,&quot;U+0434&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter de&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0435&quot;,&quot;U+0435&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter ie&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0451&quot;,&quot;U+0451&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter io&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0436&quot;,&quot;U+0436&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter zhe&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0437&quot;,&quot;U+0437&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter ze&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0438&quot;,&quot;U+0438&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter i&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0439&quot;,&quot;U+0439&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter short i&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u043a&quot;,&quot;U+043A&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter ka&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u043b&quot;,&quot;U+043B&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter el&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u043c&quot;,&quot;U+043C&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter em&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u043d&quot;,&quot;U+043D&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter en&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u043e&quot;,&quot;U+043E&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter o&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u043f&quot;,&quot;U+043F&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter pe&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0440&quot;,&quot;U+0440&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter er&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0441&quot;,&quot;U+0441&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter es&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0442&quot;,&quot;U+0442&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter te&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0443&quot;,&quot;U+0443&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter u&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0444&quot;,&quot;U+0444&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter ef&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0445&quot;,&quot;U+0445&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter ha&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0446&quot;,&quot;U+0446&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter tse&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0447&quot;,&quot;U+0447&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter che&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0448&quot;,&quot;U+0448&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter sha&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u0449&quot;,&quot;U+0449&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter shcha&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u044a&quot;,&quot;U+044A&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter hard sign&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u044b&quot;,&quot;U+044B&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter yeru&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u044c&quot;,&quot;U+044C&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter soft sign&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u044d&quot;,&quot;U+044D&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter e&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u044e&quot;,&quot;U+044E&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter yu&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;],[&quot;\u044f&quot;,&quot;U+044F&quot;,&quot;cyrillic small letter ya&quot;,&quot;&quot;,&quot;&quot;]]}\">\n<div class=\"pf-lx-chart__bar\" hidden><label class=\"pf-lx-field\"><span>Encontre uma letra<\/span><input type=\"search\" class=\"pf-lx-chart__q\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><\/label><p class=\"pf-lx-chart__count\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p><\/div>\n<ol class=\"pf-lx-chart__grid\" role=\"list\" dir=\"ltr\"><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"0\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0430<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"1\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0431<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"2\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0432<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"3\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0433<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"4\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0434<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"5\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0435<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"6\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0451<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"7\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0436<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"8\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0437<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"9\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0438<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"10\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0439<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"11\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u043a<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"12\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u043b<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"13\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u043c<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"14\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u043d<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"15\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u043e<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"16\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u043f<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"17\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0440<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"18\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0441<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"19\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0442<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"20\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0443<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"21\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0444<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"22\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0445<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"23\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0446<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"24\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0447<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"25\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0448<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"26\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0449<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"27\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u044a<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"28\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u044b<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"29\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u044c<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"30\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u044d<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"31\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u044e<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"32\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u044f<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n<div class=\"pf-lx-chart__detail\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><\/div>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"name\" hidden>Nome Unicode<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"cp\" hidden>Ponto de c\u00f3digo<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"rom\" hidden>Romaniza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"ipa\" hidden>Som (AFI)<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"forms\" hidden>Formas<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"iso\" hidden>Sozinho<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"ini\" hidden>Inicial<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"med\" hidden>Medial<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"fin\" hidden>Final<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"upper\" hidden>Capital<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"copy\" hidden>Copiar<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"copied\" hidden>Copiado<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"n\" hidden>{n} letras<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"pick\" hidden>Selecione uma letra para ver suas formas, ponto de c\u00f3digo e som.<\/span>\n<details class=\"pf-lx-chart__table\"><summary>Mostrar como tabela<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Letra<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Ponto de c\u00f3digo<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Nome Unicode<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Romaniza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Som (AFI)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0430<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0430<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter a<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0431<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0431<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter be<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0432<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0432<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter ve<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0433<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0433<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter ghe<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0434<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0434<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter de<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0435<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0435<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter ie<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0451<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0451<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter io<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0436<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0436<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter zhe<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0437<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0437<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter ze<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0438<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0438<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter i<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0439<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0439<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter short i<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u043a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+043A<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter ka<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u043b<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+043B<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter el<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u043c<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+043C<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter em<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u043d<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+043D<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter en<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u043e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+043E<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter o<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u043f<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+043F<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter pe<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0440<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0440<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter er<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0441<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0441<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter es<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0442<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0442<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter te<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0443<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0443<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter u<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0444<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0444<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter ef<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0445<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0445<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter ha<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0446<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0446<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter tse<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0447<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0447<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter che<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0448<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0448<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter sha<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0449<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0449<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter shcha<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u044a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+044A<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter hard sign<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u044b<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+044B<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter yeru<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u044c<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+044C<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter soft sign<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u044d<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+044D<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter e<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u044e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+044E<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter yu<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u044f<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+044F<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">cyrillic small letter ya<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\"><\/span><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><\/details>\n<\/div><ul class=\"pf-list\"><li>33 letras.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">Fontes<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cldr.unicode.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verificado<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/versions\/Unicode18.0.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verificado<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n\n<span class=\"pf-lx-anchor\" id=\"numerals\"><\/span><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s2\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">02<\/span>Numerais<\/h2>\n  \n  <div class=\"pf-mod pf-lx-num\" id=\"pf-lx-num-latn\" data-pf-mod=\"numerals\" data-lx=\"{&quot;systems&quot;:[[&quot;latn&quot;,&quot;Western digits&quot;,&quot;0123456789&quot;,0]]}\">\n<p class=\"pf-lx-num__in\" hidden><label class=\"pf-lx-field\"><span>N\u00famero<\/span><input type=\"text\" inputmode=\"numeric\" value=\"2026\" autocomplete=\"off\" dir=\"ltr\"><\/label><\/p>\n<dl class=\"pf-lx-num__out\"><div class=\"pf-lx-num__row\"><dt>D\u00edgitos ocidentais <span class=\"pf-lx-code\" translate=\"no\">latn<\/span><\/dt><dd data-lx-sys=\"latn\" translate=\"no\" dir=\"ltr\">2026<\/dd><\/div><\/dl>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"range\" hidden>Os numerais em letras cobrem de 1 a {max}.<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"bad\" hidden>Digite um n\u00famero inteiro em qualquer um destes d\u00edgitos.<\/span>\n<p class=\"pf-lx-note\">D\u00edgitos dos sistemas de numera\u00e7\u00e3o do Unicode CLDR.<\/p>\n<details class=\"pf-lx-chart__table\"><summary>Mostrar como tabela<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">D\u00edgitos<\/th><th scope=\"col\">0<\/th><th scope=\"col\">1<\/th><th scope=\"col\">2<\/th><th scope=\"col\">3<\/th><th scope=\"col\">4<\/th><th scope=\"col\">5<\/th><th scope=\"col\">6<\/th><th scope=\"col\">7<\/th><th scope=\"col\">8<\/th><th scope=\"col\">9<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">D\u00edgitos ocidentais<\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">0<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">1<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">2<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">3<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">4<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">5<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">6<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">7<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">8<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">9<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s3\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">03<\/span>Padr\u00f5es<\/h2>\n  \n  <dl class=\"pf-facts\"><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>ISO 15924<\/dt><dd><span translate=\"no\">Cyrl<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Blocos Unicode<\/dt><dd><span translate=\"no\">Cyrillic (U+0400 to U+04FF), Cyrillic Supplement (U+0500 to U+052F)<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Localidade do Unicode CLDR<\/dt><dd><span translate=\"no\">ru<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>D\u00edgitos<\/dt><dd><span translate=\"no\">Western digits (latn)<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Participa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/dt><dd>As letras ficam separadas.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">Fontes<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/iso15924\/\" rel=\"noopener\">ISO 15924 codes for the representation of names of scripts. Unicode Consortium, registration authority.<\/a> (2025)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verificado<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/versions\/Unicode18.0.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verificado<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cldr.unicode.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verificado<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s4\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">04<\/span>L\u00ednguas escritas nela<\/h2>\n  \n  <ul class=\"pf-cards pf-cards--3 pf-cards--lx-lang\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  \n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><span class=\"pf-lx-card__native\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/languages\/ru\/\">Russo<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">A antiga URSS, como segunda l\u00edngua das comunidades curdas<\/p>\n  \n<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section><details class=\"pf-cite\" id=\"cite\"><summary>Citar esta p\u00e1gina<\/summary><div class=\"pf-cite__body\"><dl class=\"pf-cite__list\">\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">APA<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-apa\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). <i>Russian Cyrillic alphabet<\/i>. kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/scripts\/russian-cyrillic\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/russian-cyrillic\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-apa\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copiar<\/span><span hidden>Copiado<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">Chicago<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-chicago\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. \u201cRussian Cyrillic Alphabet.\u201d kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/scripts\/russian-cyrillic\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/russian-cyrillic\/<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-chicago\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copiar<\/span><span hidden>Copiado<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">BibTeX<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" translate=\"no\">@misc{kco2026_language_scripts_russian_cyrillic,\n\tauthor = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}},\n\tyear = {2026},\n\tnote = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},\n\ttitle = {Russian {Cyrillic} alphabet},\n\turl = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/russian-cyrillic\/},\n\thowpublished = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/russian-cyrillic\/},\n}\n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copiar<\/span><span hidden>Copiado<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_language_scripts_russian_cyrillic.bib\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_language_scripts_russian_cyrillic.bib\" download=\"kco2026_language_scripts_russian_cyrillic.bib\">Baixar <span translate=\"no\">.bib<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">RIS<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-ris\" translate=\"no\">TY  - ELEC\nAU  - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization\nDA  - 2026\/\/\/\nPY  - 2026\nID  - kco2026_language_scr\nN1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0\nTI  - Russian Cyrillic alphabet\nUR  - https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/scripts\/russian-cyrillic\/\nER  - \n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-ris\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copiar<\/span><span hidden>Copiado<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_language_scripts_russian_cyrillic.ris\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_language_scripts_russian_cyrillic.ris\" download=\"kco2026_language_scripts_russian_cyrillic.ris\">Baixar <span translate=\"no\">.ris<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<\/dl><p class=\"pf-cite__meta\">Licen\u00e7a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" translate=\"no\" rel=\"license\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s5\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">05<\/span>Pesquisa e fontes<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Trabalhos recentes e relevantes sobre o tema desta p\u00e1gina, de fontes acad\u00eamicas abertas aprovadas. Apenas metadados e links. Os t\u00edtulos ficam como foram publicados. Ainda n\u00e3o revisado.<\/p>\n  <ol class=\"pf-srchub\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arxiv.2110.12374\" rel=\"noopener\">Transliterating Kurdish texts in Latin into Persian-Arabic script<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Hossein Hassani \u00b7 2021 \u00b7 arXiv<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Preprint<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">arXiv<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acesso aberto<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/a19090795\" rel=\"noopener\">Synthetic Data-Driven Transformer OCR for Kurdish Sorani via Dynamic Line Generation and Script-Aware Normalization<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Hawraz A. Ahmad \u00b7 2026 \u00b7 Algorithms<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artigo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acesso aberto<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dib.2025.111648\" rel=\"noopener\">KSTRV1: A scene text recognition dataset for central Kurdish in (Arabic-Based) script<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sardar Omar Salih, Karwan Jacksi \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 Data in Brief<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artigo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Europe PMC<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acesso aberto<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app11209752\" rel=\"noopener\">Exploiting Script Similarities to Compensate for the Large Amount of Data in Training Tesseract LSTM: Towards Kurdish OCR<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Saman Idrees, Hossein Hassani \u00b7 2021 \u00b7 Applied Sciences<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artigo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acesso aberto<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/2024.sigmorphon-1.6\" rel=\"noopener\">The Effect of Model Capacity and Script Diversity on Subword Tokenization for Sorani Kurdish<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Ali Salehi, Cassandra L. Jacobs \u00b7 2024 \u00b7 Proceedings of the 21st SIGMORPHON workshop on Computational Research in Phonetics, Phonology, and Morphology<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artigo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26750\/8yqzyj70\" rel=\"noopener\">Comparison Study of Kurdish Language Alphabet to the Kurdistan Newspaper and the Current Form of Kurdish Language<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Unknown Author \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 Journal of Raparin University<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artigo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25212\/lfu.qzj.10.2.5\" rel=\"noopener\">Solving the Issues of Kurdish Orthography according to Linguistics the issues of the syllable level as an example<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">2025 \u00b7 Qalaai Zanist Scientific Journal<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artigo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20944\/preprints202608.1477.v1\" rel=\"noopener\">Measuring Unadapted ASR on Garrusi Kurdish: Common-Reference Scoring Across Orthographic Representations<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Asadpour H \u00b7 2026 \u00b7 Preprints.org<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Preprint<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Europe PMC<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25007\/ajnu.v9n1a584\" rel=\"noopener\">Kurdish- Arabic Text in Computer with Non-Standards, Challenges and Recommendations<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sardar O. Salih \u00b7 2020 \u00b7 Academic Journal of Nawroz University<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artigo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acesso aberto<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25130\/lang.8.2.7\" rel=\"noopener\">Computational linguistics and its role in the Kurdish language Orthography and voice as a model<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Gulstan Muhammad Raheem, Dara Hamid Muhammad \u00b7 2024 \u00b7 JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artigo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2004.14134\" rel=\"noopener\">Using Punkt for Sentence Segmentation in non-Latin Scripts: Experiments on Kurdish (Sorani) Texts<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Roshna Omer Abdulrahman, Hossein Hassani \u00b7 2020 \u00b7 arXiv<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Preprint<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">arXiv<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acesso aberto<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25007\/ajnu.v7n3a206\" rel=\"noopener\">Extend an Algorithm of Auto-converting Kurdish Written Scripts in Websites: from Latin Characters to Kurdish\/Arabic Characters and Vice Versa<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sardar Salih \u00b7 2018 \u00b7 Academic Journal of Nawroz University<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Artigo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acesso aberto<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"pf-srchub__foot\">Fontes, licen\u00e7as e datas de coleta: <span translate=\"no\">arXiv (<a href=\"https:\/\/info.arxiv.org\/help\/api\/tou.html\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0; papers under their own licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Crossref (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.crossref.org\/documentation\/retrieve-metadata\/rest-api\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DataCite (<a href=\"https:\/\/support.datacite.org\/docs\/datacite-metadata-schema\" rel=\"noopener\">CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (<a href=\"https:\/\/doaj.org\/terms\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Europe PMC (<a href=\"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/Copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata reusable; full text under each article&#8217;s licence<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (<a href=\"https:\/\/graph.openaire.eu\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)<\/a>), 2026-10-23.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<aside class=\"pf-closing\" aria-label=\"Construa conosco\"><div class=\"pf-closing__text\"><h2 class=\"pf-closing__title\">Construa conosco<\/h2><p>Torne-se membro ou conte-nos do que sua cidade precisa. 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<p class=\"pf-netfoot__pos\">A Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o de Coopera\u00e7\u00e3o Curda \u00e9 uma rede independente de educa\u00e7\u00e3o e desenvolvimento entre pares, formada por comunidades curdas. N\u00e3o \u00e9 uma universidade e n\u00e3o reivindica nenhuma autoridade p\u00fablica. <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Sobre esta rede: o que somos e o que n\u00e3o somos<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/footer>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KCOkurds.global KCOL\u00edngua Rede \u00c1reas 01Academia Todas as \u00e1reas do conhecimento, cursos em todas as variedades do curdo e comunidades de pr\u00e1tica. 02Patrim\u00f4nio A hist\u00f3ria dos montes Zagros at\u00e9 hoje, a &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/scripts\/russian-cyrillic\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Russian Cyrillic alphabet&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":164,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_buddyx_sub_header_visibility":"","_buddyx_sub_header_title_visibility":"","_hide_show_side_panel":"","_buddyxpro_page_sidebar":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_header":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_footer":"","_buddyxpro_page_content_width":"","_buddyxpro_page_header_style":"","_buddyxpro_page_color_mode":"","_buddyxpro_page_loader":"","_nx_seo_description":"","_nx_seo_title":"","_nx_seo_image":"","_nx_seo_jsonld":"","_nx_i18n_locale":"","_nx_i18n_group":"","footnotes":"","_nx_seo_image_alt":"","_nx_seo_canonical":"","_nx_seo_robots":"","_nx_seo_schema_type":""},"class_list":["post-429","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/429","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=429"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/429\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=429"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}