{"id":806,"date":"2026-11-01T18:41:25","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:41:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/"},"modified":"2026-11-01T18:41:25","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:41:25","slug":"linguistics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/","title":{"rendered":"Southern Kurdish (Kelhur\u00ee, Feyl\u00ee): Linguistics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"pf\" lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\" data-site=\"\/language\/\" data-net=\"kco\" data-kit=\"d46\" data-kind=\"page\">\n<div class=\"pf-top pf-nv\" data-pf-nav=\"\" data-pf-more=\"Z\u00eadetir\">\n<a class=\"pf-brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-4.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"9\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-5.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"11\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-4.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"9\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"2.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"3.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"2.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><\/g><\/svg><span><b>KCO<\/b><small translate=\"no\">kurds.global<\/small><\/span><\/a><a class=\"pf-nv__site pf-scope\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/\" data-area=\"language\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M20 10c0 4.993-5.539 10.193-7.399 11.799a1 1 0 0 1-1.202 0C9.539 20.193 4 14.993 4 10a8 8 0 0 1 16 0\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"10\" r=\"3\" \/><\/svg><span class=\"pf-scope__crumbs\"><b>KCO<\/b><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"m9 18 6-6-6-6\" \/><\/svg><span>Ziman<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n<nav class=\"pf-nv__menu\" id=\"pf-nv-menu\" aria-label=\"Tor\"><ul class=\"pf-nv__bar\"><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"network\" data-pf-lazy=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-network\" data-tip=\"Tor\"><span>Tor<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"14\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"14\" y=\"14\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"3\" y=\"14\" rx=\"1\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-network\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--network\">\n<div class=\"pf-nv__primary\"><p class=\"pf-nv__h\">Be\u015f<\/p><ol class=\"pf-nv__svcs\"><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"learn\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/kmr\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span>Akadem\u00ee<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Her qada zan\u00een\u00ea, kurs bi hem\u00fb zaravay\u00ean Kurd\u00ee, \u00fb civak\u00ean prat\u00eek\u00ea.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"heritage\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/kmr\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span>M\u00eeras<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">D\u00eerok ji Zagros\u00ea heta \u00eero, b\u00eer, bawer\u00ee, huner, w\u00eaje \u00fb xwarin.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"language\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/\" aria-current=\"page\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span>Ziman<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Kurmanc\u00ee, Soran\u00ee, Zazak\u00ee, Kurdiya Ba\u015f\u00fbr \u00fb Goran\u00ee, bi hem\u00fb alfabeyan.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"research\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/kmr\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span>L\u00eakol\u00een<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Kurdoloj\u00ee: \u00e7avd\u00earxane, l\u00eestey\u00ean xwendin\u00ea \u00fb l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean n\u00fb.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"opportunities\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/opportunities\/kmr\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span>Derfet<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Debar, j\u00eahat\u00eeb\u00fbn, kar, r\u00eaber\u00ee \u00fb pir\u00ean di navbera diyasporay\u00ea \u00fb her\u00eam\u00ea de.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"civic\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/civic\/kmr\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">06<\/span><span>Welat\u00eeb\u00fbn<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Perwerdeya welat\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea, zan\u00eena mafan, al\u00eekar\u00ee ji bo b\u00eadewletiy\u00ea \u00fb diyalog.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"development\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/development\/kmr\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">07<\/span><span>P\u00ea\u015fketin<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Bernamey\u00ean civak\u00ee, debar \u00fb amadeb\u00fbna li hember karesatan ji bo civak\u00ean Kurd.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"news\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/kmr\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">08<\/span><span>N\u00fb\u00e7e \u00fb b\u00fbyer<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">N\u00fb\u00e7ey\u00ean Kurd\u00ee \u00fb her\u00eam\u00ee ku her dezgeh t\u00ea de et\u00eeketkir\u00ee ye, \u00fb salnameya roj\u00ean Kurd\u00ee.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-nv__aside\"><p class=\"pf-nv__h\">KCO<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/\">Destp\u00eak<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/country-programmes\/\">Bernamey\u00ean welatan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/areas\/\">Be\u015f\u00ean xebat\u00ea<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/calendar\/\">Salname<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/the-community\/\">Civak\u00ean Kurd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"countries\" data-pf-lazy=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-countries\" data-tip=\"Bernamey\u00ean welatan\"><span>Bernamey\u00ean welatan<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.54 15H17a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v4.54\" \/> <path d=\"M7 3.34V5a3 3 0 0 0 3 3a2 2 0 0 1 2 2c0 1.1.9 2 2 2a2 2 0 0 0 2-2c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h3.17\" \/> <path d=\"M11 21.95V18a2 2 0 0 0-2-2a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-1a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2.05\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-countries\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--countries\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\">Bernamey\u00ean welatan<\/p><div hidden><\/div><p class=\"pf-nv__more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/country-programmes\/\">Hem\u00fb 35 bernamey\u00ean welatan<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"site\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-site\" data-current=\"\" data-tip=\"Ev malper\"><span>Ev malper<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect width=\"18\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"2\" \/> <path d=\"M3 9h18\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-site\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--site\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/\" aria-current=\"page\">Ziman<\/a><\/p><div class=\"pf-nv__groups\"><div class=\"pf-nv__group\"><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/#register\">Ziman<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/scripts\/\">Alfabe<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/tools\/\">Am\u00fbr<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/learn\/\">F\u00earb\u00fbn<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/resources\/\">\u00c7avkan\u00ee<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/preservation\/\">Parastin<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/sources\/\">\u00c7avkan\u00ee<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"about\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-about\" data-tip=\"Derbar\u00ea me\"><span>Derbar\u00ea me<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/> <path d=\"M12 16v-4\" \/> <path d=\"M12 8h.01\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-about\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--about\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\">Derbar\u00ea me<\/p><div class=\"pf-nv__groups\"><div class=\"pf-nv__group\"><p class=\"pf-nv__rh\">Derbar\u00ea me<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/federation\/\">Federasyon<\/a><span class=\"pf-nv__text\">Federasyon \u00e7awa dixebite<\/span><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/the-community\/\">Civak\u00ean Kurd<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Derbar\u00ea v\u00ea tor\u00ea de: em \u00e7i ne \u00fb em ne \u00e7i ne<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/guide\/charter-of-the-kurdish-cooperation-organization-kco\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Peymanname<svg class=\"pf-icon pf-nv__ext\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M14 4h6v6M20 4l-9 9M18 14v5a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H5a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-nv__group\"><p class=\"pf-nv__rh\">Be\u015fdar bibin<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/membership\/\">Endamt\u00ee<\/a><span class=\"pf-nv__text\">Endamt\u00ee \u00fb be\u015fdarb\u00fbn<\/span><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/join\/\">Tevl\u00ee bibin<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/get-involved\/\">Be\u015fdar bibin<\/a><span class=\"pf-nv__text\">R\u00eay\u00ean be\u015fdarb\u00fbn\u00ea<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-nv__group\"><p class=\"pf-nv__rh\">Yasay\u00ee \u00fb ewleh\u00ee<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/protected-participation\/\">Be\u015fdariya parast\u00ee<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/kmr\/corrections\/\">Rastkirin<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/contact\/\" rel=\"noopener\">T\u00eakil\u00ee<svg class=\"pf-icon pf-nv__ext\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M14 4h6v6M20 4l-9 9M18 14v5a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H5a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n<div class=\"pf-top__tools\"><details class=\"pf-nv__search\"><summary data-tip=\"L\u00eager\u00een  \/\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"11\" cy=\"11\" r=\"7\"\/><path d=\"M20 20l-4-4\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"pf-sr\">L\u00eager\u00een<\/span><\/summary><form class=\"pf-nv__sform\" role=\"search\" action=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/search\/\" method=\"get\"><label class=\"pf-sr\" for=\"pf-nv-q\">L\u00eager\u00een<\/label><input id=\"pf-nv-q\" type=\"search\" name=\"q\" placeholder=\"Di v\u00ea malper\u00ea de bigerin\" autocomplete=\"off\" enterkeyhint=\"search\"><button type=\"submit\" class=\"pf-btn\">L\u00eager\u00een<\/button><\/form><\/details><details class=\"pf-acct\" data-pf-acct=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-searchlink pf-acctlink\" aria-label=\"Hesab\" data-tip=\"Hesab\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"8\" r=\"4\"\/><path d=\"M4 21c0-4 3.6-7 8-7s8 3 8 7\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"pf-sr\">Hesab<\/span><\/summary><div class=\"pf-acct__menu\"><ul class=\"pf-acct__list\" data-pf-auth=\"guest\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/login\/?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fkurds.global%2Fkmr%2Fstart%2F\">T\u00eakeve<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/register\/?pf_lang=kmr\" class=\"pf-acct__join\">Endam bibin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><ul class=\"pf-acct__list\" data-pf-auth=\"member\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/members\/me\/\">Prof\u00eela te<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/start\/\">Panel<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/members\/me\/settings\/\">M\u00eeheng<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/login\/sessions\/\">Dani\u015f\u00een\u00ean we<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/login\/?action=logout\" data-pf-logout=\"\">Derkeve<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/details><details class=\"pf-langs\" data-pf-langs=\"\"><summary data-tip=\"Ziman\"><span class=\"pf-sr\">Ziman<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"9\"\/><path d=\"M3 12h18M12 3c2.6 2.8 3.9 5.8 3.9 9s-1.3 6.2-3.9 9c-2.6-2.8-3.9-5.8-3.9-9S9.4 5.8 12 3z\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"pf-sr\" lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">Kurmanc\u00ee<\/span><span class=\"pf-langs__code\" translate=\"no\" aria-hidden=\"true\">KMR<\/span><span class=\"pf-langs__count\">18<\/span><\/summary><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"en\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">English<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"kmr\" lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\" aria-current=\"true\">Kurmanc\u00ee<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ckb\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"ckb\" lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ar\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fa\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/tr\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\" dir=\"ltr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/az\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"az\" lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">Az\u0259rbaycanca<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/de\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"de\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\">Deutsch<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fr\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/it\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"it\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">Italiano<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ja\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ru\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/es\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"es\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">Espa\u00f1ol<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/hi\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/id\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"id\" lang=\"id\" dir=\"ltr\">Bahasa Indonesia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/ko\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\" dir=\"ltr\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/pt\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"pt\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\">Portugu\u00eas<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/zh\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" hreflang=\"zh\" lang=\"zh\" dir=\"ltr\">\u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/details><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-theme pf-theme-btn\" data-pf-theme=\"\" aria-label=\"Pergal\" data-tip=\"Pergal\" data-l-light=\"Ron\u00ee\" data-l-dark=\"Tar\u00ee\" data-l-system=\"Pergal\" hidden><span class=\"pf-theme-btn__light\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"4\" \/> <path d=\"M12 2v2\" \/> <path d=\"M12 20v2\" \/> <path d=\"m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41\" \/> <path d=\"m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41\" \/> <path d=\"M2 12h2\" \/> <path d=\"M20 12h2\" \/> <path d=\"m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41\" \/> <path d=\"m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-theme-btn__dark\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 3a6 6 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 0 1 1-9-9Z\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-theme-btn__system\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" 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d=\"M0,47L0,41.2L20,43.7L40,46L60,46L80,44.4L100,43.3L120,42.6L140,42.4L160,42.6L180,42.9L200,43.4L220,43.9L240,44.5L260,44.9L280,45.4L300,45.9L320,46.5L340,46.8L360,45.9L380,44.7L400,43.4L420,41.9L440,40.5L460,39.1L480,38.1L500,37.5L520,37.5L540,38.2L560,39.5L580,41.5L600,44L620,46.9L640,44.1L660,41.1L680,38.5L700,36.4L720,35L740,34.3L760,34.4L780,35.2L800,36.6L820,38.5L840,40.6L860,42.7L880,44.7L900,46.5L920,46.1L940,45L960,44.4L980,44L1000,43.9L1020,44L1040,44.1L1060,44.2L1080,44.3L1100,44.5L1120,44.7L1140,45L1160,45.6L1180,46.4L1200,46.5\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__text\">\n    <p class=\"pf-eyebrow\"><span>Zimannas\u00ee<\/span><\/p>\n    <h1 class=\"pf-h1\">Kurdiya Ba\u015f\u00fbr (Kelhur\u00ee, Feyl\u00ee): zimanzan\u00ee<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"pf-lede\">Deng\u00ean Kurdiya Ba\u015f\u00fbr (Kelhur\u00ee, Feyl\u00ee), bil\u00eavkirin, r\u00eaziman \u00fb peyv\u00ean bingeh\u00een.<\/p>\n    \n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__aside\"><p class=\"pf-specimen\" lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0646<\/p><\/div>\n  \n<\/header>\n<nav class=\"pf-lx-tabs\" aria-label=\"Kurdiya Ba\u015f\u00fbr (Kelhur\u00ee, Feyl\u00ee): r\u00fbpel\"><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/\">Berfireh<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/writing\/\">Niv\u00eesandin<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" aria-current=\"page\">Zimannas\u00ee<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/learn\/\">F\u00earb\u00fbn<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/resources\/\">\u00c7avkan\u00ee \u00fb parastin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n<nav class=\"pf-toc\" aria-label=\"Di v\u00ea r\u00fbpel\u00ea de\"><p class=\"pf-toc__h\">Di v\u00ea r\u00fbpel\u00ea de<\/p><ol><li><a href=\"#s1\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">01<\/span><span>Bil\u00eavkirin<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s2\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">02<\/span><span>R\u00eaziman bi kurt\u00ee<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s3\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">03<\/span><span>Peyv\u00ean bingeh\u00een bi hev re<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s4\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">04<\/span><span>\u00c7avkan\u00ee<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s5\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">05<\/span><span>L\u00eakol\u00een \u00fb \u00e7avkan\u00ee<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s1\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">01<\/span>Bil\u00eavkirin<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Her t\u00eep bi deng\u00ea w\u00ea y\u00ea asay\u00ee.<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-lx-h3\">Kurdiya Ba\u015f\u00fbr bi alfabeya Ereb\u00ee-bingeh<\/h3><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">T\u00eep<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Roman\u00eezekirin<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Deng (IPA)<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Tomar<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0626<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">not written (vowel seat)<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0294<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0627<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">a<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">a\u02d0<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0628<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">b<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">b<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u067e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">p<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">p<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062c<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">c<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">d\u0361\u0292<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0686<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u00e7<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">t\u0361\u0283<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062d<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e27<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0127<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">x<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">x<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u062f<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">d<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">d<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0631<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">r<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u027e<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0632<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0695<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">r\u0304<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">r<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0698<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">j<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0292<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0633<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0634<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u015f<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0283<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0639<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u2018<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0295<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u063a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e8d<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0263<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0641<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">f<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">f<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06a4<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">v<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">v<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0642<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">q<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">q<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06a9<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06af<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">g<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0261<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0644<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">l<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">l<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06b5<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u0142<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u026b<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0645<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">m<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">m<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0646<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">n<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">n<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06be<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06d5<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">e<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u025b<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0648<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">w \/ u<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">w, \u028a<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06c6<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">o<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">o\u02d0<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06cc<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">y \/ \u00ee<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">j, i\u02d0<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"sdh\" dir=\"rtl\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u06ce<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u00ea<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">e\u02d0<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-await\">Li benda nirxandina l\u00eesans\u00ea<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><aside class=\"pf-note pf-note--pending\" role=\"note\"><p>Tomar w\u00ea ji Wikimedia Commons werin, her yek bi l\u00eesansa xwe ya vekir\u00ee, pi\u015ft\u00ee ku xwed\u00ee \u00e7avkaniy\u00ea bipejir\u00eene. Heta w\u00ea dem\u00ea tu tomar nay\u00ea l\u00eadan.<\/p><\/aside><p class=\"pf-lx-note\">Nirx\u00ean dengan r\u00eaberek h\u00eenkirin\u00ea ne ji bo ziman\u00ea standard, bi et\u00eeketa div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin. Zaravayan cuda ne. <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">\u00c7avkan\u00ee<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" rel=\"noopener\">Wikimedia Commons: pronunciation recordings, each under its own open licence.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s2\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">02<\/span>R\u00eaziman bi kurt\u00ee<\/h2>\n  \n  <ul class=\"pf-list\"><li>R\u00eaza peyvan bi gelemper\u00ee ev e: kirde, bireser, l\u00eaker.<\/li><li>Berevaj\u00ee Kurmanc\u00ee \u00fb Soran\u00ee, dem\u00ean bor\u00ee ne ergat\u00eev in.<\/li><li>Nav ti zayenda r\u00eaziman\u00ee n\u00eenin.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"pf-lx-note\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">\u00c7avkan\u00ee<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">Fattah. Les dialectes kurdes m\u00e9ridionaux. Acta Iranica 37. Peeters. (2000)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s3\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">03<\/span>Peyv\u00ean bingeh\u00een bi hev re<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Deh peyv\u00ean rojane di ziman\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea de.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table pf-lx-cmp\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Wate<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Faris\u00ee<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Kurmanc\u00ee<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Soran\u00ee<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Zazak\u00ee<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Bel\u00fb\u00e7\u00ee<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Azerbaycan\u00ee<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Ermen\u00ee<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">av<\/th><td><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0622\u0628<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">\u0101b<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">av<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0626\u0627\u0648<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">aw<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"zza\" dir=\"ltr\">awe<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"bal\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0101p<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">su<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u057b\u0578\u0582\u0580<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">jur<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">nan<\/th><td><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">n\u0101n<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">nan<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">nan<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"zza\" dir=\"ltr\">nan<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"bal\" dir=\"ltr\">n\u0101n<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">\u00e7\u00f6r\u0259k<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0570\u0561\u0581<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">hats\u02bb<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">d\u00ea<\/th><td><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">m\u0101dar<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">d\u00ea<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06a9<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">dayk<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"zza\" dir=\"ltr\">maye<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"bal\" dir=\"ltr\">m\u0101t<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">ana<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0574\u0561\u0575\u0580<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">mayr<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">bav<\/th><td><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u062f\u0631<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">pedar<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">bav<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0628\u0627\u0648\u06a9<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">bawk<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"zza\" dir=\"ltr\">p\u00ee<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"bal\" dir=\"ltr\">pit<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">ata<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0570\u0561\u0575\u0580<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">hayr<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">mal<\/th><td><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">kh\u0101ne<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">mal<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0627\u06b5<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">ma\u0142<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"zza\" dir=\"ltr\">keye<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"bal\" dir=\"ltr\">l\u014dg<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">ev<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u057f\u0578\u0582\u0576<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">tun<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">\u015fev<\/th><td><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0634\u0628<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">shab<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">\u015fev<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0634\u06d5\u0648<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">\u015few<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"zza\" dir=\"ltr\">\u015fewe<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"bal\" dir=\"ltr\">shap<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">gec\u0259<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0563\u056b\u0577\u0565\u0580<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">gisher<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">du<\/th><td><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">do<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">du<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648\u0648<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">d\u00fb<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"zza\" dir=\"ltr\">di<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"bal\" dir=\"ltr\">do<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">iki<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0565\u0580\u056f\u0578\u0582<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">erku<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">s\u00ea<\/th><td><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u0647<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">se<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">s\u00ea<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u06ce<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">s\u00ea<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"zza\" dir=\"ltr\">h\u00eer\u00ea<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"bal\" dir=\"ltr\">s\u0113<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">\u00fc\u00e7<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0584<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">erek\u02bb<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">\u00e7av<\/th><td><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0686\u0634\u0645<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">cheshm<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">\u00e7av<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0686\u0627\u0648<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">\u00e7aw<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"zza\" dir=\"ltr\">\u00e7im<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"bal\" dir=\"ltr\">chamm<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">g\u00f6z<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0561\u0579\u0584<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">achk\u02bb<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">nav<\/th><td><span lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0627\u0645<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">n\u0101m<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">nav<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0627\u0648<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">naw<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"zza\" dir=\"ltr\">name<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"bal\" dir=\"ltr\">n\u0101m<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">ad<\/span><\/td><td><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0561\u0576\u0578\u0582\u0576<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-rom\" translate=\"no\">anun<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p class=\"pf-lx-note\">Faris\u00ee, Kurd\u00ee, Zazak\u00ee \u00fb Bel\u00fb\u00e7\u00ee ziman\u00ean \u00ceran\u00ee ne, \u00fb gelek peyv\u00ean wan \u00ean bingeh\u00een bi hev re t\u00eakildar in. Azer\u00ee Tirk\u00ee ye \u00fb Ermen\u00ee \u015faxeke xwe ya Hind \u00fb Ewrop\u00ee ye, loma peyv\u00ean wan cuda ne. <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">\u00c7avkan\u00ee<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dsal.uchicago.edu\/dictionaries\/steingass\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Steingass. A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary. Routledge and K. Paul. Digital edition: Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago.<\/a> (1892)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Pi\u015ftrastkir\u00ee<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">Chyet. Kurdish-English Dictionary. Yale University Press. (2003)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">Wahby and Edmonds. A Kurdish-English Dictionary. Clarendon Press. (1966)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">Paul. Zazaki: Grammatik und Versuch einer Dialektologie. Reichert. (1998)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">Jahani and Korn. Balochi. In Windfuhr (ed.), The Iranian Languages. (2009)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">Johanson and Csat\u00f3 (eds.). The Turkic Languages. Routledge. (1998)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\">Dum-Tragut. Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian. John Benjamins. (2009)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s4\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">04<\/span>\u00c7avkan\u00ee<\/h2>\n  \n  <ol class=\"pf-lx-bib\" role=\"list\"><li id=\"src-fattah2000\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">Fattah. Les dialectes kurdes m\u00e9ridionaux. Acta Iranica 37. Peeters. <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2000<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-steingass1892\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dsal.uchicago.edu\/dictionaries\/steingass\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Steingass. A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary. Routledge and K. Paul. Digital edition: Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago.<\/a> <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">1892<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Pi\u015ftrastkir\u00ee<\/span> Qada gi\u015ft\u00ee. \u00c7apa d\u00eej\u00eetal roja 2026-10-23 gih\u00ee\u015ft\u00ee b\u00fb.<\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-chyet2003\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">Chyet. Kurdish-English Dictionary. Yale University Press. <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2003<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-wahby-edmonds1966\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">Wahby and Edmonds. A Kurdish-English Dictionary. Clarendon Press. <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">1966<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-paul1998\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">Paul. Zazaki: Grammatik und Versuch einer Dialektologie. Reichert. <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">1998<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-jahani-korn2009\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">Jahani and Korn. Balochi. In Windfuhr (ed.), The Iranian Languages. <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2009<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-johanson-csato\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">Johanson and Csat\u00f3 (eds.). The Turkic Languages. Routledge. <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">1998<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-dum-tragut2009\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\">Dum-Tragut. Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian. John Benjamins. <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2009<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Div\u00ea were pi\u015ftrastkirin<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ol>\n<\/section><details class=\"pf-cite\" id=\"cite\"><summary>J\u00eagirtina v\u00ea r\u00fbpel\u00ea<\/summary><div class=\"pf-cite__body\"><dl class=\"pf-cite__list\">\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">APA<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-apa\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). <i>Southern Kurdish (Kelhur\u00ee, Feyl\u00ee): Linguistics<\/i>. kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-apa\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kop\u00ee bike<\/span><span hidden>Hate kop\u00eekirin<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">Chicago<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-chicago\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. \u201cSouthern Kurdish (Kelhur\u00ee, Feyl\u00ee): Linguistics.\u201d kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-chicago\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kop\u00ee bike<\/span><span hidden>Hate kop\u00eekirin<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">BibTeX<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" translate=\"no\">@misc{kco2026_language_languages_sdh_linguistics,\n\tauthor = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}},\n\tyear = {2026},\n\tnote = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},\n\ttitle = {Southern {Kurdish} ({Kelhur}{\\^ i}, {Feyl}{\\^ i}): Linguistics},\n\turl = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/},\n\thowpublished = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/},\n}\n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kop\u00ee bike<\/span><span hidden>Hate kop\u00eekirin<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_language_languages_sdh_linguistics.bib\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_language_languages_sdh_linguistics.bib\" download=\"kco2026_language_languages_sdh_linguistics.bib\">Daxe <span translate=\"no\">.bib<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">RIS<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-ris\" translate=\"no\">TY  - ELEC\nAU  - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization\nDA  - 2026\/\/\/\nPY  - 2026\nID  - kco2026_language_lan\nN1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0\nTI  - Southern Kurdish (Kelhur\u00ee, Feyl\u00ee): Linguistics\nUR  - https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\nER  - \n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-ris\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Kop\u00ee bike<\/span><span hidden>Hate kop\u00eekirin<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_language_languages_sdh_linguistics.ris\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_language_languages_sdh_linguistics.ris\" download=\"kco2026_language_languages_sdh_linguistics.ris\">Daxe <span translate=\"no\">.ris<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<\/dl><p class=\"pf-cite__meta\">L\u00eesans <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" translate=\"no\" rel=\"license\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s5\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">05<\/span>L\u00eakol\u00een \u00fb \u00e7avkan\u00ee<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Xebat\u00ean n\u00fb \u00fb t\u00eakildar li ser mijara v\u00ea r\u00fbpel\u00ea, ji \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean zanist\u00ee y\u00ean vekir\u00ee y\u00ean pejirand\u00ee. Ten\u00ea metadane \u00fb gir\u00eadan. Sernav wek ku hatine we\u015fandin dim\u00eenin. H\u00een nehatiye nirxandin.<\/p>\n  <ol class=\"pf-srchub\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48448\/b389-8256\" rel=\"noopener\">Approaches to Corpus Creation for Low-Resource Language Technology: the Case of Southern Kurdish and Laki<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Association for Computational Linguistics 2023, Sina Ahmadi, Antonios Anastasopoulos et al. \u00b7 2023 \u00b7 Underline Science Inc.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Y\u00ean din<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">arXiv<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-78837-7_6\" rel=\"noopener\">A Cross-Dialect Account of Kurdish Past Tense Categories, with Special Reference to Southern Kurdish<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sara Belelli \u00b7 2022 \u00b7 Springer eBooks<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">\u015eax<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4000\/14are\" rel=\"noopener\">Sara Belelli. \u201cA Cross-Dialect Account of Kurdish Past Tense Categories, with Special Reference to Southern Kurdish\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Shuan Osman Karim \u00b7 2023 \u00b7 Abstracta Iranica<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Gotar<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-SA-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20378\/irb-56759\" rel=\"noopener\">Towards a dialectology of Southern Kurdish : Where to begin?<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sara Belelli \u00b7 2019 \u00b7 Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics (BSKL)<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">\u015eax<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.20780299\" rel=\"noopener\">Observations on &quot;\u00fc&quot; and &quot;\u00fce&quot; Correspondences in Southern Kurdish<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">X_name \u00b7 2026 \u00b7 Zenodo<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">P\u00ea\u015f\u00e7ap<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25420\/britishmuseum.29403455\" rel=\"noopener\">Southern Kurdish film poster<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Yad Deen, Renas Babakir, Noori Issa \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 The British Museum<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Y\u00ean din<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22054\/ls.2020.49021.1296\" rel=\"noopener\">On the Functions of (-ow) in Southern Kurdish<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Habib Gowhari, Forugh Asadi \u00b7 2022 \u00b7 \u0312Ilm-i Zab\u0101n<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Gotar<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10125\/81592\" rel=\"noopener\">Southern Kurdish<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Parvaneh Rezaee \u00b7 2015 \u00b7 ScholarSpace (University of Hawaii at Manoa)<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Gotar<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-NC-SA<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jokl.uok.ac.ir\/article_61200.html?lang=en\" rel=\"noopener\">The Effect of Age and Level of Education as Extra-Linguistics Variables on Mutual Intelligibility between Central and Southern Kurdish Dialects<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Manijeh Mirmukri, Gholam-Hossein Karimi-Doostan \u00b7 2019 \u00b7 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Gotar<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/glottolog.org\/resource\/languoid\/id\/sout2640\" rel=\"noopener\">Glottolog 5.3 Resources for Southern Kurdish<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">2026 \u00b7 OLAC &#8211; Open Language Archives Community<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Gotar<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dib.2026.113129\" rel=\"noopener\">Dasinya: A dataset and preprocessing pipeline for the Badini Kurdish dialect.<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Saeed VA, Jacksi K \u00b7 2026 \u00b7 Data Brief<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Gotar<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Europe PMC<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0035869x00038351\" rel=\"noopener\">II A Southern Kurdish Folksong in Kermanshahi Dialect<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">E. B. Soane \u00b7 1909 \u00b7 Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain &amp; Ireland<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Gotar<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Zenodo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Gih\u00ee\u015ftina vekir\u00ee<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-ZERO<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"pf-srchub__foot\">\u00c7avkan\u00ee, l\u00eesans \u00fb d\u00eerok\u00ean ki\u015fandin\u00ea: <span translate=\"no\">arXiv (<a href=\"https:\/\/info.arxiv.org\/help\/api\/tou.html\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0; papers under their own licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Crossref (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.crossref.org\/documentation\/retrieve-metadata\/rest-api\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DataCite (<a href=\"https:\/\/support.datacite.org\/docs\/datacite-metadata-schema\" rel=\"noopener\">CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (<a href=\"https:\/\/doaj.org\/terms\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Europe PMC (<a href=\"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/Copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata reusable; full text under each article&#8217;s licence<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (<a href=\"https:\/\/graph.openaire.eu\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (<a href=\"https:\/\/help.openalex.org\/access\/pricing\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Zenodo (<a href=\"https:\/\/about.zenodo.org\/terms\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0; each record under its own licence<\/a>), 2026-10-23.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<aside class=\"pf-closing\" aria-label=\"Bi me re ava bikin\"><div class=\"pf-closing__text\"><h2 class=\"pf-closing__title\">Bi me re ava bikin<\/h2><p>Bibin endam, an j\u00ee ji me re bib\u00eajin bajar\u00ea we \u00e7i hewce dike. H\u00fbn bi xwe hildibij\u00earin ku h\u00fbn \u00e7i parve dikin.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"pf-actions\"><a class=\"pf-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/join\/\" data-pf-auth=\"guest\">Tevl\u00ee bibin<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/members\/me\/\" data-pf-auth=\"member\">Prof\u00eela te<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/contact\/\">T\u00eakil\u00ee<\/a><\/p><\/aside><\/div><footer class=\"pf-netfoot pf-nf\" aria-label=\"Tor\">\n  <div class=\"pf-netfoot__id\"><a class=\"pf-netfoot__brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kmr\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect 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Ew ne zan\u00eengeh e \u00fb \u00eediaya ti desthilatdariya gi\u015ft\u00ee nake. <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Derbar\u00ea v\u00ea tor\u00ea de: em \u00e7i ne \u00fb em ne \u00e7i ne<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/footer>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KCOkurds.global KCOZiman Tor Be\u015f 01Akadem\u00ee Her qada zan\u00een\u00ea, kurs bi hem\u00fb zaravay\u00ean Kurd\u00ee, \u00fb civak\u00ean prat\u00eek\u00ea. 02M\u00eeras D\u00eerok ji Zagros\u00ea heta \u00eero, b\u00eer, bawer\u00ee, huner, w\u00eaje \u00fb xwarin. 03Ziman Kurmanc\u00ee, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/kmr\/languages\/sdh\/linguistics\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Southern Kurdish (Kelhur\u00ee, Feyl\u00ee): Linguistics&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":366,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_buddyx_sub_header_visibility":"","_buddyx_sub_header_title_visibility":"","_hide_show_side_panel":"","_buddyxpro_page_sidebar":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_header":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_footer":"","_buddyxpro_page_content_width":"","_buddyxpro_page_header_style":"","_buddyxpro_page_color_mode":"","_buddyxpro_page_loader":"","_nx_seo_description":"","_nx_seo_title":"","_nx_seo_image":"","_nx_seo_jsonld":"","_nx_i18n_locale":"","_nx_i18n_group":"","footnotes":"","_nx_seo_image_alt":"","_nx_seo_canonical":"","_nx_seo_robots":"","_nx_seo_schema_type":""},"class_list":["post-806","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=806"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/806\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/366"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}