{"id":2854,"date":"2026-11-01T14:53:40","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T14:53:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/"},"modified":"2026-11-01T14:53:40","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T14:53:40","slug":"early-medieval-kurdistan","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/","title":{"rendered":"Early and medieval Kurdistan"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"pf\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\" data-site=\"\/learn\/\" data-net=\"kco\" data-kit=\"d46\" data-kind=\"page\">\n<div class=\"pf-top pf-nv\" data-pf-nav=\"\" data-pf-more=\"Plus\">\n<a class=\"pf-brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" 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class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.54 15H17a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v4.54\" \/> <path d=\"M7 3.34V5a3 3 0 0 0 3 3a2 2 0 0 1 2 2c0 1.1.9 2 2 2a2 2 0 0 0 2-2c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h3.17\" \/> <path d=\"M11 21.95V18a2 2 0 0 0-2-2a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-1a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2.05\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/><\/svg><span>Programmes nationaux<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/calendar\/\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M8 2v4\" \/> <path d=\"M16 2v4\" \/> <rect width=\"18\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"4\" rx=\"2\" \/> <path d=\"M3 10h18\" \/> <path d=\"M8 14h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M12 14h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M16 14h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M8 18h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M12 18h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M16 18h.01\" \/><\/svg><span>Calendrier<\/span><\/a><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-tabbar__menu\" data-pf-tabmenu=\"\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-menu\" hidden><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"12\" y2=\"12\" \/> <line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"6\" y2=\"6\" \/> <line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"18\" \/><\/svg><span>Menu<\/span><\/button><\/nav><div class=\"pf-canvas\"><aside class=\"pf-note pf-note--info\" role=\"note\"><p>Cette page est une traduction. Elle est en cours de relecture par des locuteurs natifs\u00a0; la page en anglais fait foi.<\/p><\/aside><nav class=\"pf-crumbs\" aria-label=\"Fil d'Ariane\"><ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/\">KCO<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/\">Acad\u00e9mie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/faculties\/\">Facult\u00e9s<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/\">Facult\u00e9 d&#8217;\u00e9tudes kurdes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/kurdish-history-memory\/\">D\u00e9partement d&#8217;histoire et de m\u00e9moire kurdes<\/a><\/li><li aria-current=\"page\">Le Kurdistan ancien et m\u00e9di\u00e9val<\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<p class=\"pf-acad-strip\"><span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"academy\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-academy\"><abbr title=\"L'espace d'apprentissage entre pairs du r\u00e9seau, ouvert aux contributeurs de tout horizon ; il n'est pas une universit\u00e9 et ne d\u00e9livre aucun dipl\u00f4me.\">Acad\u00e9mie<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-academy\">L&#8217;espace d&#8217;apprentissage entre pairs du r\u00e9seau, ouvert aux contributeurs de tout horizon ; il n&#8217;est pas une universit\u00e9 et ne d\u00e9livre aucun dipl\u00f4me.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"pf-acad-strip__text\">L&#8217;espace d&#8217;apprentissage entre pairs de l&#8217;Organisation de coop\u00e9ration kurde, ouvert aux contributeurs de tous horizons.<\/span><\/p>\n<header class=\"pf-hero\">\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__art\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"pf-rule-art pf-rule-art--wave\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 48\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M0,47L0,32.6L20,28.3L40,24.2L60,20.2L80,16.6L100,13.6L120,11.4L140,10L160,9.5L180,9.9L200,11.2L220,13.3L240,16.1L260,19.4L280,23.1L300,26.9L320,30.8L340,34.5L360,37.9L380,40.9L400,43.4L420,45.5L440,46.9L460,45.7L480,44.8L500,44L520,43.4L540,42.6L560,41.8L580,40.6L600,39.2L620,37.4L640,35.4L660,33.2L680,30.8L700,28.5L720,26.3L740,24.4L760,23.1L780,22.3L800,22.2L820,23L840,24.5L860,26.9L880,30L900,33.7L920,37.9L940,42.3L960,46.9L980,42.6L1000,38.5L1020,34.8L1040,31.7L1060,29.3L1080,27.7L1100,26.8L1120,26.7L1140,27.3L1160,28.4L1180,29.9L1200,31.6\"\/><path d=\"M0,47L0,21L20,21.7L40,23.2L60,25.5L80,28.4L100,31.8L120,35.5L140,39.1L160,42.5L180,45.6L200,45.8L220,43.7L240,42.2L260,41.3L280,40.8L300,40.7L320,40.9L340,41.2L360,41.5L380,41.7L400,41.8L420,41.9L440,41.8L460,41.7L480,41.8L500,42L520,42.7L540,43.7L560,45.3L580,46.7L600,44.1L620,41L640,37.7L660,34.2L680,30.7L700,27.5L720,24.8L740,22.8L760,21.5L780,21.2L800,21.7L820,23.2L840,25.5L860,28.5L880,32L900,35.7L920,39.5L940,43.1L960,46.4L980,44.8L1000,42.6L1020,41L1040,40L1060,39.6L1080,39.5L1100,39.8L1120,40.3L1140,40.9L1160,41.4L1180,41.8L1200,42.1\"\/><path class=\"pf-rule-art__hue\" d=\"M0,47L0,41.2L20,43.7L40,46L60,46L80,44.4L100,43.3L120,42.6L140,42.4L160,42.6L180,42.9L200,43.4L220,43.9L240,44.5L260,44.9L280,45.4L300,45.9L320,46.5L340,46.8L360,45.9L380,44.7L400,43.4L420,41.9L440,40.5L460,39.1L480,38.1L500,37.5L520,37.5L540,38.2L560,39.5L580,41.5L600,44L620,46.9L640,44.1L660,41.1L680,38.5L700,36.4L720,35L740,34.3L760,34.4L780,35.2L800,36.6L820,38.5L840,40.6L860,42.7L880,44.7L900,46.5L920,46.1L940,45L960,44.4L980,44L1000,43.9L1020,44L1040,44.1L1060,44.2L1080,44.3L1100,44.5L1120,44.7L1140,45L1160,45.6L1180,46.4L1200,46.5\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__text\">\n    <p class=\"pf-eyebrow\"><span>Discipline<\/span><\/p>\n    <h1 class=\"pf-h1\">Le Kurdistan ancien et m\u00e9di\u00e9val<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"pf-lede\">Ce domaine \u00e9tudie le Zagros et le Taurus des d\u00e9buts de l&#8217;histoire aux dynasties et \u00e9mirats kurdes m\u00e9di\u00e9vaux.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"pf-actions\"><a class=\"pf-btn\" href=\"#contribute\">Contribuer \u00e0 ce domaine<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/disciplines\/\">Toutes les disciplines<\/a><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  \n<\/header><div class=\"pf-strip\"><dl class=\"pf-signals\"><div class=\"pf-signal pf-signal--text\"><dt>Statut<\/dt><dd>Ouvert<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Domaines<\/dt><dd>4<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Cours<\/dt><dd>3<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal pf-signal--text\"><dt>Facult\u00e9<\/dt><dd>Facult\u00e9 d&#8217;\u00e9tudes kurdes<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div>\n\n<details class=\"pf-notice\" id=\"before-you-begin\" data-pf-notice=\"discipline\"><summary class=\"pf-notice__sum\"><span class=\"pf-notice__k\">Avant de commencer<\/span> <span class=\"pf-notice__line\">L&#8217;Organisation de coop\u00e9ration kurde est une f\u00e9d\u00e9ration de communaut\u00e9s qui apprennent les unes des autres. Elle n&#8217;est pas une universit\u00e9, ne revendique aucune autorit\u00e9 publique et ne sert aucun gouvernement, parti ou organisme confessionnel.<\/span><span class=\"pf-notice__tags\"><span class=\"pf-notice__tag\">Sujet controvers\u00e9<\/span><\/span><\/summary><div class=\"pf-notice__body\">\n<p class=\"pf-notice__lead\">Les cours sont r\u00e9dig\u00e9s et relus par des pairs. Les plans restent des brouillons jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 la relecture par des experts.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"pf-notice__h\">En contexte<\/h3><ul class=\"pf-notice__ctx\" role=\"list\"><li data-pf-context=\"contested\"><strong>Sujet controvers\u00e9<\/strong> <span>Ce sujet est controvers\u00e9. Chaque partie est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e avec ses sources, et rien ici ne soutient une position.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<div data-pf-notice-evidence=\"\"><h3 class=\"pf-notice__h\">Comment cette page traite les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de preuve<\/h3><p>Chaque chiffre indique sa mesure, son ann\u00e9e, sa source et son \u00e9tiquette. Ce qui est inconnu est indiqu\u00e9 comme inconnu.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-notice__labels\"><div><dt><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">V\u00e9rifi\u00e9<\/span><\/dt><dd>Une \u00e9tiquette : l&#8217;\u00e9l\u00e9ment correspond \u00e0 son enregistrement primaire, comme le tableau officiel ou la notice Crossref.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--secondary\">Source secondaire<\/span><\/dt><dd>Une \u00e9tiquette : le chiffre provient d&#8217;un rapport fiable sur la source, et non de la source elle-m\u00eame.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">\u00c0 v\u00e9rifier<\/span><\/dt><dd>Une \u00e9tiquette : l&#8217;\u00e9l\u00e9ment est list\u00e9 tel qu&#8217;il a \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9 et doit encore \u00eatre v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 aupr\u00e8s de sa source.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><h4 class=\"pf-notice__h4\">Sources<\/h4><p class=\"pf-notice__small\">Aucune source n&#8217;est encore jointe. Les sources sont ajout\u00e9es lors de la relecture.<\/p><p class=\"pf-notice__cite\"><a href=\"#cite\">Citer cette page<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"pf-notice__h\">Points de vue et controverses<\/h3><p>Les sujets controvers\u00e9s pr\u00e9sentent chaque partie, sources \u00e0 l&#8217;appui. Rien ici ne soutient une position.<\/p><p class=\"pf-notice__small\">Une cartographie des principales positions, chacune avec ses propres sources, est en pr\u00e9paration.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pf-notice__foot\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/fr\/corrections\/\">Signaler une erreur<\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Ce que nous sommes et ce que nous ne sommes pas<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/details>\n<nav class=\"pf-toc\" aria-label=\"Sur cette page\"><p class=\"pf-toc__h\">Sur cette page<\/p><ol><li><a href=\"#s1\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">01<\/span><span>Domaines<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s2\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">02<\/span><span>Classification<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s3\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">03<\/span><span>Cours<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s4\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">04<\/span><span>Communaut\u00e9s de pratique<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s5\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">05<\/span><span>Contribuer \u00e0 ce domaine<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s6\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">06<\/span><span>Sous-sites de services associ\u00e9s<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s7\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">07<\/span><span>\u00c0 voir aussi dans ce d\u00e9partement<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s1\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">01<\/span>Domaines<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Les domaines que couvre cette discipline.<\/p>\n  <ul class=\"pf-acad-fields\" role=\"list\"><li>Histoire profonde du Zagros et du Taurus<\/li><li>Les Kurdes dans le monde islamique m\u00e9di\u00e9val<\/li><li>Dynasties et \u00e9mirats kurdes<\/li><li>La fronti\u00e8re ottomano-safavide<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s2\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">02<\/span>Classification<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">La place de la discipline dans les nomenclatures internationales des domaines.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Nomenclature<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Code<\/th><th scope=\"col\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rent<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/content\/dam\/oecd\/en\/publications\/reports\/2015\/10\/frascati-manual-2015_g1g57dcb\/9789264239012-en.pdf\" translate=\"no\">OECD Fields of Research and Development (FORD), Frascati Manual 2015, Table 2.2<\/a><\/th><td><code>6.1<\/code><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">OECD<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000235049_eng\" translate=\"no\">ISCED Fields of Education and Training 2013 (ISCED-F 2013)<\/a><\/th><td><code>0222<\/code><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">UNESCO Institute for Statistics<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s3\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">03<\/span>Cours<\/h2>\n  \n  <h3 class=\"pf-h3 pf-h3--group\">Propos\u00e9 <span class=\"pf-h3__count\">3<\/span><\/h3><ul class=\"pf-cards pf-cards--3\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"history\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"F S\" data-wave=\"3\" data-status=\"planned\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Le Kurdistan ancien et m\u00e9di\u00e9val \u00b7 Fondamentaux, Chercheur<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/catalogue\/deep-history-of-the-zagros-and-taurus\/\">Histoire profonde du Zagros et du Taurus<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Plan en pr\u00e9paration.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Vague 3 <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Pr\u00e9vu<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"history\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"S\" data-wave=\"2\" data-status=\"planned\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Le Kurdistan ancien et m\u00e9di\u00e9val \u00b7 Chercheur<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/catalogue\/kurds-in-the-medieval-islamic-world\/\">Les Kurdes dans le monde islamique m\u00e9di\u00e9val<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Plan en pr\u00e9paration.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Vague 2 <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Pr\u00e9vu<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"history\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"S\" data-wave=\"2\" data-status=\"planned\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Le Kurdistan ancien et m\u00e9di\u00e9val \u00b7 Chercheur<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/catalogue\/the-ottoman-safavid-partition-and-the-sharafnama\/\">Le partage ottomano-safavide et la Sharafnama<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Plan en pr\u00e9paration.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Vague 2 <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Pr\u00e9vu<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"pf-acad-honest\">Un relev\u00e9 d&#8217;ach\u00e8vement indique ce qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9 et \u00e9valu\u00e9. Ce n&#8217;est ni un certificat ni un dipl\u00f4me.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s4\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">04<\/span>Communaut\u00e9s de pratique<\/h2>\n  \n  <p class=\"pf-empty\">Aucune communaut\u00e9 de pratique n&#8217;est encore en formation pour cette discipline.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s5\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">05<\/span>Contribuer \u00e0 ce domaine<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Des experts de tous horizons enseignent, relisent et font progresser le domaine.<\/p>\n  <span class=\"pf-acad-anchor\" id=\"contribute\"><\/span><ul class=\"pf-features\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">01<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\">Auteur de cours<\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">R\u00e9diger ou r\u00e9viser un cours de ce domaine, de son plan \u00e0 ses le\u00e7ons.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">02<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\">\u00c9valuateur expert<\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Relisez les plans, les le\u00e7ons et les \u00e9valuations de votre domaine avant le d\u00e9but de l&#8217;enseignement.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">03<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\">Traducteur<\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Traduire les cours et les pages de ce domaine dans les langues de la communaut\u00e9.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">04<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rent<\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Tenir \u00e0 jour la carte des cours, des sources et des contributeurs du domaine.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"pf-actions\"><a class=\"pf-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/get-involved\/\">S&#8217;engager<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/join\/\">Adh\u00e9rer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s6\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">06<\/span>Sous-sites de services associ\u00e9s<\/h2>\n  \n  <ul class=\"pf-cards pf-cards--3\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  \n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/fr\/\">Patrimoine<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">L&#8217;histoire, du Zagros \u00e0 aujourd&#8217;hui, la m\u00e9moire, les religions, les arts, la litt\u00e9rature et la cuisine.<\/p>\n  \n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  \n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/fr\/\">Recherche<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">L&#8217;observatoire, des listes de lecture et la recherche en cours en \u00e9tudes kurdes.<\/p>\n  \n<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s7\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">07<\/span>\u00c0 voir aussi dans ce d\u00e9partement<\/h2>\n  \n  <ul class=\"pf-cards pf-cards--3\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\"><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--ok\">Ouvert<\/span><\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/disciplines\/kurdish-history\/\">Histoire kurde<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">L&#8217;histoire kurde couvre le Zagros et le Taurus de l&#8217;Antiquit\u00e9 \u00e0 nos jours, dans quatre \u00c9tats et dans la diaspora.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> cours<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">4<\/span> domaines<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\"><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--ok\">Ouvert<\/span><\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/disciplines\/modern-kurdish-history\/\">Histoire kurde moderne<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">L&#8217;histoire kurde moderne suit les Kurdes de la fin de l&#8217;Empire ottoman jusque dans les \u00c9tats qui lui ont succ\u00e9d\u00e9, avec chaque partie et ses sources.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">8<\/span> cours<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">6<\/span> domaines<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\"><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--ok\">Ouvert<\/span><\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/disciplines\/genocide-memory-studies\/\">\u00c9tudes de la m\u00e9moire et des g\u00e9nocides<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Les \u00e9tudes de la m\u00e9moire et des g\u00e9nocides examinent les atrocit\u00e9s de masse commises contre les communaut\u00e9s kurdes et voisines, avec les communaut\u00e9s de survivants et des soins tenant compte des traumatismes.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">7<\/span> cours<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">6<\/span> domaines<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section><details class=\"pf-cite\" id=\"cite\"><summary>Citer cette page<\/summary><div class=\"pf-cite__body\"><dl class=\"pf-cite__list\">\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">APA<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-apa\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). <i>Early and medieval Kurdistan<\/i>. kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-apa\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copier<\/span><span hidden>Copi\u00e9<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">Chicago<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-chicago\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. \u201cEarly and Medieval Kurdistan.\u201d kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-chicago\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copier<\/span><span hidden>Copi\u00e9<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">BibTeX<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" translate=\"no\">@misc{kco2026_learn_disciplines_early_medieval_kurdistan,\n\tauthor = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}},\n\tyear = {2026},\n\tnote = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},\n\ttitle = {Early and medieval {Kurdistan}},\n\turl = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/},\n\thowpublished = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/},\n}\n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copier<\/span><span hidden>Copi\u00e9<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_learn_disciplines_early_medieval_kurdistan.bib\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_learn_disciplines_early_medieval_kurdistan.bib\" download=\"kco2026_learn_disciplines_early_medieval_kurdistan.bib\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger <span translate=\"no\">.bib<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">RIS<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-ris\" translate=\"no\">TY  - ELEC\nAU  - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization\nDA  - 2026\/\/\/\nPY  - 2026\nID  - kco2026_learn_discip\nN1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0\nTI  - Early and medieval Kurdistan\nUR  - https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\nER  - \n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-ris\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copier<\/span><span hidden>Copi\u00e9<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_learn_disciplines_early_medieval_kurdistan.ris\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_learn_disciplines_early_medieval_kurdistan.ris\" download=\"kco2026_learn_disciplines_early_medieval_kurdistan.ris\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger <span translate=\"no\">.ris<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<\/dl><p class=\"pf-cite__meta\">Licence <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" translate=\"no\" rel=\"license\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><aside class=\"pf-closing\" aria-label=\"Construisons-le ensemble\"><div class=\"pf-closing__text\"><h2 class=\"pf-closing__title\">Construisons-le ensemble<\/h2><p>Devenez membre, ou dites-nous ce dont votre ville a besoin. Vous choisissez ce que vous partagez.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"pf-actions\"><a class=\"pf-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/join\/\" data-pf-auth=\"guest\">Adh\u00e9rer<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/members\/me\/\" data-pf-auth=\"member\">Votre profil<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/contact\/\">Contact<\/a><\/p><\/aside><\/div><footer class=\"pf-netfoot pf-nf\" aria-label=\"R\u00e9seau\">\n  <div class=\"pf-netfoot__id\"><a class=\"pf-netfoot__brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-4.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"9\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-5.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"11\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-4.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"9\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"2.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"3.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"2.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><\/g><\/svg><span>KCO<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-netfoot__name\">Organisation de coop\u00e9ration kurde<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-netfoot__col\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">KCO<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/\">Accueil<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/the-community\/\">Les communaut\u00e9s kurdes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/federation\/\">F\u00e9d\u00e9ration<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/country-programmes\/\">Programmes nationaux<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/calendar\/\">Calendrier<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/search\/\">Recherche<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-netfoot__col\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">Domaines<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/\">Acad\u00e9mie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/fr\/\">Patrimoine<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/fr\/\">Langues<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/fr\/\">Recherche<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/opportunities\/fr\/\">Opportunit\u00e9s<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/civic\/fr\/\">Vie civique<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/development\/fr\/\">D\u00e9veloppement<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/fr\/\">Actualit\u00e9s et \u00e9v\u00e9nements<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/areas\/\">Domaines d&#8217;action<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-netfoot__col pf-netfoot__col--countries\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">Programmes nationaux<\/h2><dl class=\"pf-netfoot__regions\"><div><dt>Afrique<\/dt><dd><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/egypt\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">\u00c9gypte<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Asie-Pacifique<\/dt><dd><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/australia\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Australie<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/japan\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Japon<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/new-zealand\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Caucase<\/dt><dd><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/armenia\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Arm\u00e9nie<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/azerbaijan\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Azerba\u00efdjan<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/georgia\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">G\u00e9orgie<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Asie centrale<\/dt><dd><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kazakhstan\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Kazakhstan<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kyrgyzstan\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Kirghizstan<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkmenistan\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Turkm\u00e9nistan<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Europe<\/dt><dd><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Allemagne<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/austria\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Autriche<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/belgium\/fr\/\">Belgique<\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/cyprus\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Chypre<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/denmark\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Danemark<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/finland\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Finlande<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/france\/fr\/\">France<\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/greece\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Gr\u00e8ce<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/italy\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Italie<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/norway\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Norv\u00e8ge<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/netherlands\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Pays-Bas<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-kingdom\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Royaume-Uni<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/sweden\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Su\u00e8de<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/switzerland\/fr\/\">Suisse<\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Europe et Asie 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data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Isra\u00ebl<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/jordan\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Jordanie<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/lebanon\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Liban<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Syrie<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Turquie<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Am\u00e9rique du Nord<\/dt><dd><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/fr\/\">Canada<\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">\u00c9tats-Unis<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"pf-netfoot__col\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">Participer<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/membership\/\">Adh\u00e9sion<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/join\/\">Adh\u00e9rer<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/get-involved\/\">S&#8217;engager<\/a><\/li><li data-pf-auth=\"guest\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/login\/?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fkurds.global%2Ffr%2Fstart%2F\" rel=\"noopener\">Se connecter<\/a><\/li><li data-pf-auth=\"member\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/start\/\">Commencer ici<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/contact\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Contact<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-netfoot__col\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">Mentions l\u00e9gales et s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/fr\/protected-participation\/\">Participation prot\u00e9g\u00e9e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/guide\/charter-of-the-kurdish-cooperation-organization-kco\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Charte<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">\u00c0 propos de ce r\u00e9seau : ce que nous sommes et ce que nous ne sommes pas<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/fr\/corrections\/\">Corrections<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/fr\/verification\/\">V\u00e9rification<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-netfoot__langs\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">Langues<\/h2><ul class=\"pf-nf__langs\" data-pf-langs=\"\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"en\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">English<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/kmr\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"kmr\" lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">Kurmanc\u00ee<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/ckb\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"ckb\" lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/ar\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fa\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/tr\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\" dir=\"ltr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/az\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"az\" lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">Az\u0259rbaycanca<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/de\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"de\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\">Deutsch<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/es\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"es\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">Espa\u00f1ol<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\" aria-current=\"true\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/hi\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/id\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"id\" lang=\"id\" dir=\"ltr\">Bahasa Indonesia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/it\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"it\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">Italiano<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/ja\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/ko\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\" dir=\"ltr\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/pt\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"pt\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\">Portugu\u00eas<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/ru\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/zh\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" hreflang=\"zh\" lang=\"zh\" dir=\"ltr\">\u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <p class=\"pf-netfoot__legal\"><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization (KCO)<\/span> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/guide\/charter-of-the-kurdish-cooperation-organization-kco\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Version de la charte<\/a> <span class=\"pf-nf__ver\" dir=\"ltr\">1.0.0.1<\/span><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-netfoot__pos\">L&#8217;Organisation de coop\u00e9ration kurde est un r\u00e9seau ind\u00e9pendant d&#8217;\u00e9ducation et de d\u00e9veloppement entre pairs, issu des communaut\u00e9s kurdes. Ce n&#8217;est pas une universit\u00e9, et elle ne revendique aucune autorit\u00e9 publique. <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">\u00c0 propos de ce r\u00e9seau : ce que nous sommes et ce que nous ne sommes pas<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/footer>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KCOkurds.global KCOAcad\u00e9mie R\u00e9seau Domaines 01Acad\u00e9mie Tous les domaines du savoir, des cours dans toutes les vari\u00e9t\u00e9s du kurde, et des communaut\u00e9s de pratique. 02Patrimoine L&#8217;histoire, du Zagros \u00e0 aujourd&#8217;hui, la &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Early and medieval Kurdistan&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":441,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_buddyx_sub_header_visibility":"","_buddyx_sub_header_title_visibility":"","_hide_show_side_panel":"","_buddyxpro_page_sidebar":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_header":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_footer":"","_buddyxpro_page_content_width":"","_buddyxpro_page_header_style":"","_buddyxpro_page_color_mode":"","_buddyxpro_page_loader":"","_nx_seo_description":"","_nx_seo_title":"","_nx_seo_image":"","_nx_seo_jsonld":"","_nx_i18n_locale":"","_nx_i18n_group":"","footnotes":"","_nx_seo_image_alt":"","_nx_seo_canonical":"","_nx_seo_robots":"","_nx_seo_schema_type":""},"class_list":["post-2854","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2854"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2854\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/441"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}