{"id":35,"date":"2026-11-01T13:19:37","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T13:19:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/home\/"},"modified":"2026-11-01T13:19:37","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T13:19:37","slug":"home","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/","title":{"rendered":"Academy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"pf\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" data-site=\"\/learn\/\" data-net=\"kco\" data-kit=\"d46\" data-kind=\"area\">\n<div class=\"pf-top pf-nv\" data-pf-nav=\"\" data-pf-more=\"More\">\n<a class=\"pf-brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"-2.5\" 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x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><\/g><\/svg><span><b>KCO<\/b><small translate=\"no\">kurds.global<\/small><\/span><\/a><a class=\"pf-nv__site pf-scope\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/\" data-area=\"learn\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M20 10c0 4.993-5.539 10.193-7.399 11.799a1 1 0 0 1-1.202 0C9.539 20.193 4 14.993 4 10a8 8 0 0 1 16 0\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"10\" r=\"3\" \/><\/svg><span class=\"pf-scope__crumbs\"><b>KCO<\/b><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"m9 18 6-6-6-6\" \/><\/svg><span>Academy<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n<nav class=\"pf-nv__menu\" id=\"pf-nv-menu\" aria-label=\"Network\"><ul class=\"pf-nv__bar\"><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"network\" data-pf-lazy=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-network\" data-tip=\"Network\"><span>Network<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"14\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"14\" y=\"14\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"3\" y=\"14\" rx=\"1\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-network\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--network\">\n<div class=\"pf-nv__primary\"><p class=\"pf-nv__h\">Areas<\/p><ol class=\"pf-nv__svcs\"><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"learn\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/\" aria-current=\"page\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span>Academy<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Every field of knowledge, courses in all Kurdish varieties, and communities of practice.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"heritage\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span>Heritage<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">History from the Zagros to today, memory, faiths, arts, literature and food.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"language\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span>Language<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Kurmanji, Sorani, Zazaki, Southern Kurdish and Gorani, in every script.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"research\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span>Research<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Kurdish studies: the observatory, reading lists and new research.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"opportunities\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/opportunities\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span>Opportunities<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Livelihoods, skills, jobs, mentoring and diaspora-to-region bridges.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"civic\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/civic\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">06<\/span><span>Civic<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Civic education, rights literacy, statelessness help and dialogue.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"development\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/development\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">07<\/span><span>Development<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Social programmes, livelihoods and disaster preparedness for Kurdish communities.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"news\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">08<\/span><span>News and events<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Kurdish and regional news with every outlet labelled, and the calendar of Kurdish days.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-nv__aside\"><p class=\"pf-nv__h\">KCO<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/\">Home<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/country-programmes\/\">Country programmes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/areas\/\">Areas of work<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/calendar\/\">Calendar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/the-community\/\">Kurdish communities<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"countries\" data-pf-lazy=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-countries\" data-tip=\"Country programmes\"><span>Country programmes<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.54 15H17a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v4.54\" \/> <path d=\"M7 3.34V5a3 3 0 0 0 3 3a2 2 0 0 1 2 2c0 1.1.9 2 2 2a2 2 0 0 0 2-2c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h3.17\" \/> <path d=\"M11 21.95V18a2 2 0 0 0-2-2a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-1a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2.05\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-countries\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--countries\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\">Country programmes<\/p><div hidden><\/div><p class=\"pf-nv__more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/country-programmes\/\">All 35 country programmes<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"site\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-site\" data-current=\"\" data-tip=\"This site\"><span>This site<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect width=\"18\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"2\" \/> <path d=\"M3 9h18\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-site\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--site\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/\" aria-current=\"page\">Academy<\/a><\/p><div class=\"pf-nv__groups\"><div class=\"pf-nv__group\"><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/\">Faculties<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/\">Disciplines<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/communities\/\">Communities<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/\">Catalogue<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/pathways\/\">Pathways<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/\">Directory<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/take-part\/\">Take part<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"about\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-about\" data-tip=\"About\"><span>About<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/> <path d=\"M12 16v-4\" \/> <path d=\"M12 8h.01\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-about\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--about\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\">About<\/p><div class=\"pf-nv__groups\"><div class=\"pf-nv__group\"><p class=\"pf-nv__rh\">About<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/federation\/\">Federation<\/a><span class=\"pf-nv__text\">How the federation works<\/span><\/li><li><a 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1.52 0C14.51 3.81 17 5 19 5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1z\" \/> <path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\" \/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n<nav class=\"pf-tabbar\" aria-label=\"Areas\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M15 21v-8a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v8\" \/> <path d=\"M3 10a2 2 0 0 1 .709-1.528l7-5.999a2 2 0 0 1 2.582 0l7 5.999A2 2 0 0 1 21 10v9a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z\" \/><\/svg><span>Home<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/\" aria-current=\"page\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.42 10.922a1 1 0 0 0-.019-1.838L12.83 5.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 9.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.832l8.57 3.908a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0z\" \/> <path d=\"M22 10v6\" \/> <path d=\"M6 12.5V16a6 3 0 0 0 12 0v-3.5\" \/><\/svg><span>Academy<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/country-programmes\/\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.54 15H17a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v4.54\" \/> <path d=\"M7 3.34V5a3 3 0 0 0 3 3a2 2 0 0 1 2 2c0 1.1.9 2 2 2a2 2 0 0 0 2-2c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h3.17\" \/> <path d=\"M11 21.95V18a2 2 0 0 0-2-2a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-1a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2.05\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/><\/svg><span>Country programmes<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/calendar\/\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M8 2v4\" \/> <path d=\"M16 2v4\" \/> <rect width=\"18\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"4\" rx=\"2\" \/> <path d=\"M3 10h18\" \/> <path d=\"M8 14h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M12 14h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M16 14h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M8 18h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M12 18h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M16 18h.01\" \/><\/svg><span>Calendar<\/span><\/a><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-tabbar__menu\" data-pf-tabmenu=\"\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-menu\" hidden><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"12\" y2=\"12\" \/> <line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"6\" y2=\"6\" \/> <line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"18\" \/><\/svg><span>Menu<\/span><\/button><\/nav><div class=\"pf-canvas\">\n<p class=\"pf-acad-strip\"><span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"academy\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-academy\"><abbr title=\"The network's peer-to-peer learning space, open to contributors of every background; it is not a university and grants no degrees.\">Academy<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-academy\">The network&#8217;s peer-to-peer learning space, open to contributors of every background; it is not a university and grants no degrees.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"pf-acad-strip__text\">KCO&#8217;s peer-to-peer learning space, open to contributors of every background.<\/span><\/p>\n<header class=\"pf-hero\">\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__art\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img class=\"pf-still pf-still--light\" src=\"\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/renders\/kco-academy-light.webp\" alt=\"Background image of the page\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"2400\" height=\"1050\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><img class=\"pf-still pf-still--dark\" src=\"\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/renders\/kco-academy-dark.webp\" alt=\"Background image of the page\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"2400\" height=\"1050\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"pf-rule-art pf-rule-art--wave\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 48\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path 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d=\"M0,47L0,21L20,21.7L40,23.2L60,25.5L80,28.4L100,31.8L120,35.5L140,39.1L160,42.5L180,45.6L200,45.8L220,43.7L240,42.2L260,41.3L280,40.8L300,40.7L320,40.9L340,41.2L360,41.5L380,41.7L400,41.8L420,41.9L440,41.8L460,41.7L480,41.8L500,42L520,42.7L540,43.7L560,45.3L580,46.7L600,44.1L620,41L640,37.7L660,34.2L680,30.7L700,27.5L720,24.8L740,22.8L760,21.5L780,21.2L800,21.7L820,23.2L840,25.5L860,28.5L880,32L900,35.7L920,39.5L940,43.1L960,46.4L980,44.8L1000,42.6L1020,41L1040,40L1060,39.6L1080,39.5L1100,39.8L1120,40.3L1140,40.9L1160,41.4L1180,41.8L1200,42.1\"\/><path class=\"pf-rule-art__hue\" d=\"M0,47L0,41.2L20,43.7L40,46L60,46L80,44.4L100,43.3L120,42.6L140,42.4L160,42.6L180,42.9L200,43.4L220,43.9L240,44.5L260,44.9L280,45.4L300,45.9L320,46.5L340,46.8L360,45.9L380,44.7L400,43.4L420,41.9L440,40.5L460,39.1L480,38.1L500,37.5L520,37.5L540,38.2L560,39.5L580,41.5L600,44L620,46.9L640,44.1L660,41.1L680,38.5L700,36.4L720,35L740,34.3L760,34.4L780,35.2L800,36.6L820,38.5L840,40.6L860,42.7L880,44.7L900,46.5L920,46.1L940,45L960,44.4L980,44L1000,43.9L1020,44L1040,44.1L1060,44.2L1080,44.3L1100,44.5L1120,44.7L1140,45L1160,45.6L1180,46.4L1200,46.5\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__text\">\n    <p class=\"pf-eyebrow\"><span>KCO<\/span><\/p>\n    <h1 class=\"pf-h1\">Academy<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"pf-lede\">The Academy: <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"course\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-course\"><abbr title=\"A set of lessons with an outline, written and reviewed by peers; it carries no academic credit.\">courses<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-course\">A set of lessons with an outline, written and reviewed by peers; it carries no academic credit.<\/span><\/span> in every <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"field\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-field\"><abbr title=\"A narrower topic within a discipline.\">field<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-field\">A narrower topic within a discipline.<\/span><\/span> and every Kurdish variety, from first letters to research, for learners in the homeland, the region and the diaspora.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"pf-actions\"><a class=\"pf-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/\">Browse the catalogue<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/pathways\/\">Pathways<\/a><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  \n<\/header><div class=\"pf-strip\"><dl class=\"pf-signals\"><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Courses<\/dt><dd>104<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Schools<\/dt><dd>17<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Outlines drafted<\/dt><dd>14<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Pathways<\/dt><dd>4<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div>\n<aside class=\"pf-note pf-note--pending\" role=\"note\"><p>No course is open yet. Each planned course shows its status in the catalogue, and registration opens when its outline passes review.<\/p><\/aside>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">01<\/span>The catalogue at a glance<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Where each planned course stands. Counts of the catalogue, updated with every build.<\/p>\n  <ul class=\"pf-bento\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-tile pf-tile--wide\"><p class=\"pf-tile__eyebrow\">Courses by status<\/p><p class=\"pf-tile__value\">104<\/p><div class=\"pf-stack\"><p class=\"pf-stack__bar\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Courses by status: Planned 90, Outline drafted 14\"><span class=\"pf-stack__seg pf-tone-0\" style=\"--v:86.5%\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-stack__seg pf-tone-1\" style=\"--v:13.5%\"><\/span><\/p><ul class=\"pf-key\" role=\"list\"><li><span class=\"pf-key__dot pf-tone-0\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-key__label\">Planned<\/span><span class=\"pf-key__value\">90<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"pf-key__dot pf-tone-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-key__label\"><span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"outline\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-outline\"><abbr title=\"A course plan with outcomes, modules and assessment, written before the lessons and reviewed before teaching starts.\">Outline<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-outline\">A course plan with outcomes, modules and assessment, written before the lessons and reviewed before teaching starts.<\/span><\/span> drafted<\/span><span class=\"pf-key__value\">14<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/li><li class=\"pf-tile pf-tile--wide\"><p class=\"pf-tile__eyebrow\">Courses by wave<\/p><ul class=\"pf-bars\" role=\"list\" aria-label=\"Courses by wave\"><li class=\"pf-bars__row\"><span class=\"pf-bars__label\">Wave 1<\/span><span class=\"pf-bars__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-bars__fill\" style=\"--v:0.3\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-bars__value\">14<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-bars__row\"><span class=\"pf-bars__label\">Wave 2<\/span><span class=\"pf-bars__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-bars__fill\" style=\"--v:1\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-bars__value\">54<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-bars__row\"><span class=\"pf-bars__label\">Wave 3<\/span><span class=\"pf-bars__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-bars__fill\" style=\"--v:0.7\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-bars__value\">36<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"pf-chart-grid\"><figure class=\"pf-mod pf-chart pf-chart--stacked\" id=\"pf-chart-courses\" data-pf-mod=\"chart\">\n<figcaption class=\"pf-chart__head\"><span class=\"pf-chart__title\">Courses by faculty and status<\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__cap\">Each course counts once, in the faculty of its discipline.<\/span><\/figcaption>\n<ul class=\"pf-chart__key\" role=\"list\"><li><span class=\"pf-chart__sw pf-seq-0\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Planned<\/li><li><span class=\"pf-chart__sw pf-seq-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Outline drafted<\/li><\/ul><ol class=\"pf-chart__bars pf-chart__bars--stack\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/\">Faculty of Kurdish Studies<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:1\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.855\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.145\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">62<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/law-governance\/\">Faculty of Law, Governance and Public Affairs<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.242\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.867\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.133\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">15<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/\">Faculty of Economic and Social Development<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.21\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.923\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.077\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">13<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/social-behavioural-sciences\/\">Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.081\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:1\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">5<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/\">Faculty of Natural Sciences<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.065\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.75\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.25\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">4<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/education\/\">Faculty of Education<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.032\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.5\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.5\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">2<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/\">Faculty of Humanities<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.032\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:1\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">2<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/medical-health-sciences\/\">Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.016\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:1\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">1<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n<p class=\"pf-chart__src\"><span class=\"pf-chart__src-h\">Sources<\/span> <span translate=\"no\">KCO content, counted at each build.<\/span><\/p>\n<details class=\"pf-chart__table\"><summary>Show as a table<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\"><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Planned<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Outline drafted<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Courses<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/\">Faculty of Kurdish Studies<\/a><\/th><td>53<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>62<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/law-governance\/\">Faculty of Law, Governance and Public Affairs<\/a><\/th><td>13<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>15<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/\">Faculty of Economic and Social Development<\/a><\/th><td>12<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>13<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/social-behavioural-sciences\/\">Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences<\/a><\/th><td>5<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/\">Faculty of Natural Sciences<\/a><\/th><td>3<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>4<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/education\/\">Faculty of Education<\/a><\/th><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/\">Faculty of Humanities<\/a><\/th><td>2<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/medical-health-sciences\/\">Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences<\/a><\/th><td>1<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><\/details>\n<\/figure>\n<figure class=\"pf-mod pf-chart pf-chart--stacked\" id=\"pf-chart-disciplines\" data-pf-mod=\"chart\">\n<figcaption class=\"pf-chart__head\"><span class=\"pf-chart__title\">Disciplines per faculty<\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__cap\">Open disciplines have courses. Forming ones have an outline.<\/span><\/figcaption>\n<ul class=\"pf-chart__key\" role=\"list\"><li><span class=\"pf-chart__sw pf-seq-0\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Open<\/li><li><span class=\"pf-chart__sw pf-seq-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"proposed\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-proposed\"><abbr title=\"A proposal only, which exists once the governing body the charter names decides.\">Proposed<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-proposed\">A proposal only, which exists once the governing body the charter names decides.<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><ol class=\"pf-chart__bars pf-chart__bars--stack\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/\">Faculty of Economic and Social Development<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:1\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.364\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.636\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">22<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/\">Faculty of Kurdish Studies<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.955\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.952\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.048\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">21<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/\">Faculty of Natural Sciences<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.864\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.053\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.947\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">19<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/engineering-technology\/\">Faculty of Engineering and Technology<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.773\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:1\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">17<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/medical-health-sciences\/\">Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.727\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.063\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.938\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">16<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/\">Faculty of Humanities<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.636\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.143\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.857\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">14<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/law-governance\/\">Faculty of Law, Governance and Public Affairs<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.636\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.429\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.571\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">14<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/social-behavioural-sciences\/\">Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.636\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.357\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.643\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">14<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/agricultural-veterinary-sciences\/\">Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.455\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:1\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">10<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/arts\/\">Faculty of Arts<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.364\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:1\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">8<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/education\/\">Faculty of Education<\/a><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:0.318\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:0.143\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-1\" style=\"--w:0.857\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">7<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n<p class=\"pf-chart__src\"><span class=\"pf-chart__src-h\">Sources<\/span> <span translate=\"no\">KCO content, counted at each build.<\/span><\/p>\n<details class=\"pf-chart__table\"><summary>Show as a table<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\"><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Open<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Proposed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Disciplines<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/\">Faculty of Economic and Social Development<\/a><\/th><td>8<\/td><td>14<\/td><td>22<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/\">Faculty of Kurdish Studies<\/a><\/th><td>20<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>21<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/\">Faculty of Natural Sciences<\/a><\/th><td>1<\/td><td>18<\/td><td>19<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/engineering-technology\/\">Faculty of Engineering and Technology<\/a><\/th><td>0<\/td><td>17<\/td><td>17<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/medical-health-sciences\/\">Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences<\/a><\/th><td>1<\/td><td>15<\/td><td>16<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/\">Faculty of Humanities<\/a><\/th><td>2<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>14<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/law-governance\/\">Faculty of Law, Governance and Public Affairs<\/a><\/th><td>6<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>14<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/social-behavioural-sciences\/\">Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences<\/a><\/th><td>5<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>14<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/agricultural-veterinary-sciences\/\">Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences<\/a><\/th><td>0<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>10<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/arts\/\">Faculty of Arts<\/a><\/th><td>0<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>8<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/education\/\">Faculty of Education<\/a><\/th><td>1<\/td><td>6<\/td><td>7<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><\/details>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"pf-mod pf-glance\" data-pf-mod=\"glance\"><p class=\"pf-glance__h\">At a glance<\/p><ul class=\"pf-glance__items\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-glance__item\"><div class=\"pf-glance__in\"><span class=\"pf-glance__i\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"m12.83 2.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 6.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.83l8.58 3.91a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0l8.58-3.9a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.83Z\" \/> <path d=\"m22 17.65-9.17 4.16a2 2 0 0 1-1.66 0L2 17.65\" \/> <path d=\"m22 12.65-9.17 4.16a2 2 0 0 1-1.66 0L2 12.65\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__v\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-pf-count=\"8\">8<\/span><span class=\"pf-sr\">8<\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__l\">Programmes<\/span><\/div><\/li><li class=\"pf-glance__item\"><a class=\"pf-glance__in\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/\"><span class=\"pf-glance__i\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.42 10.922a1 1 0 0 0-.019-1.838L12.83 5.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 9.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.832l8.57 3.908a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0z\" \/> <path d=\"M22 10v6\" \/> <path d=\"M6 12.5V16a6 3 0 0 0 12 0v-3.5\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__v\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-pf-count=\"162\">162<\/span><span class=\"pf-sr\">162<\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__l\">Disciplines<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"pf-glance__item\"><a class=\"pf-glance__in\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/\"><span class=\"pf-glance__i\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 7v14\" \/> <path d=\"M3 18a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5a4 4 0 0 1 4 4 4 4 0 0 1 4-4h5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v13a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-6a3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3z\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__v\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-pf-count=\"104\">104<\/span><span class=\"pf-sr\">104<\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__l\">Courses<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"pf-glance__item\"><div class=\"pf-glance__in\"><span class=\"pf-glance__i\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"m16 6 4 14\" \/> <path d=\"M12 6v14\" \/> <path d=\"M8 8v12\" \/> <path d=\"M4 4v16\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__v\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-pf-count=\"12\">12<\/span><span class=\"pf-sr\">12<\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__l\">Research and sources<\/span><\/div><\/li><li class=\"pf-glance__item\"><a class=\"pf-glance__in\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/country-programmes\/\"><span class=\"pf-glance__i\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/> <path d=\"M12 2a14.5 14.5 0 0 0 0 20 14.5 14.5 0 0 0 0-20\" \/> <path d=\"M2 12h20\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__v\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-pf-count=\"35\">35<\/span><span class=\"pf-sr\">35<\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__l\">Country programmes<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"pf-glance__extra\"><figure class=\"pf-mod pf-chart pf-chart--stacked\" id=\"pf-chart-prog-learn\" data-pf-mod=\"chart\">\n<figcaption class=\"pf-chart__head\"><span class=\"pf-chart__title\">Programmes by status<\/span><\/figcaption>\n<ul class=\"pf-chart__key\" role=\"list\"><li><span class=\"pf-chart__sw pf-seq-0\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>Proposed<\/li><\/ul><ol class=\"pf-chart__bars pf-chart__bars--stack\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-chart__row\"><span class=\"pf-chart__label\">Academy<\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"pf-chart__stack\" style=\"--v:1\"><span class=\"pf-chart__seg pf-seq-0\" style=\"--w:1\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-chart__val\">8<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n<p class=\"pf-chart__src\"><span class=\"pf-chart__src-h\">Sources<\/span> <span translate=\"no\">KCO content, counted at each build.<\/span><\/p>\n<details class=\"pf-chart__table\"><summary>Show as a table<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\"><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Proposed<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Programmes<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Academy<\/th><td>8<\/td><td>8<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><\/details>\n<\/figure><div class=\"pf-glance__next\"><p class=\"pf-glance__sub\">Next in the calendar<\/p><ol class=\"pf-now__days pf-glance__days\" role=\"list\" data-pf-next=\"3\"><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;gregorian&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:3,&quot;d&quot;:21}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/newroz\/\">Newroz<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>March 21<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;gregorian&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:4,&quot;d&quot;:22}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/kurdish-journalism-day\/\">Kurdish Journalism Day<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>April 22<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;gregorian&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:5,&quot;d&quot;:15}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/kurdish-language-day\/\">Kurdish Language Day<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>May 15<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;gregorian&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:12,&quot;d&quot;:17}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/flag-day\/\">Kurdistan Flag Day<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>December 17<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;gregorian&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:1,&quot;d&quot;:22}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/mahabad-proclamation\/\">Republic of Mahabad<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>January 22<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;gregorian&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:1,&quot;d&quot;:26}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/kobani-liberation\/\">End of the Koban\u00ee siege<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>January 26<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;gregorian&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:3,&quot;d&quot;:16}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/halabja\/\">Halabja remembrance<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>March 16<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;gregorian&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:4,&quot;d&quot;:14}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/anfal\/\">Anfal remembrance<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>April 14<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;gregorian&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:8,&quot;d&quot;:3}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/yazidi-genocide\/\">Yazidi genocide remembrance<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>August 3<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/dersim\/\">Dersim remembrance<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>1937 to 1938 (communities mark different dates)<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/carsema-sor\/\">\u00c7ar\u015fema Sor (Red Wednesday)<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>first Wednesday of April in the Julian-based Yazidi calendar<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/cejna-ezid\/\">Cejna \u00caz\u00eed<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>December (variable)<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;islamic-umalqura&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:10,&quot;d&quot;:1}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/eid-al-fitr\/\">Eid al-Fitr (Cejna Remezan\u00ea)<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>1 Shawwal<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-now__day\" data-rule=\"{&quot;rule&quot;:&quot;islamic-umalqura&quot;,&quot;m&quot;:12,&quot;d&quot;:10}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/calendar\/eid-al-adha\/\">Eid al-Adha (Cejna Qurban\u00ea)<\/a><span class=\"pf-now__when\" data-when>10 Dhu al-Hijjah<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">02<\/span>First wave<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">The first courses being prepared. Each outline is a <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"draft\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-draft\"><abbr title=\"A text awaiting review; it can change before it is used.\">draft<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-draft\">A text awaiting review; it can change before it is used.<\/span><\/span> for scholarly review.<\/p>\n  <ul class=\"pf-cards pf-cards--3\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"kurdish-languages\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Kurmanji \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/kurmanji-a1-latin\/\">Kurmanji A1 (Latin)<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">First steps in spoken and written Kurmanji, using the Latin alphabet.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 40 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"kurdish-languages\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Sorani \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/sorani-a1\/\">Sorani A1<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">First steps in spoken and written Sorani, using the Arabic-based Kurdish script.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 40 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"kurdish-languages\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Kurdish scripts \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/kurdish-scripts-bridge-latin-arabic-based-cyrillic\/\">Kurdish scripts bridge (Latin, Arabic-based, Cyrillic)<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Reading Kurdish in all three scripts it is written in, so readers can cross between communities.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 12 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"kurdish-languages\" data-faculty=\"education\" data-level=\"P\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Heritage language education \u00b7 Practitioner<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/kurdish-teacher-training\/\">Kurdish teacher training<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Teaching Kurdish to children and adults in community and weekend schools.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 30 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"history\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Kurdish history \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/kurds-in-world-history-survey\/\">Kurds in world history (survey)<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Kurdish history from antiquity to today, across the four states and the diaspora.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 30 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"memory-genocide\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"F S\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Memory and genocide studies \u00b7 Foundations, Scholar<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/anfal-and-halabja\/\">Anfal and Halabja<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">The Anfal campaign and the chemical attack on Halabja: what happened, how it is documented and remembered.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 12 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"diaspora-studies\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Kurdish diaspora studies \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/waves-of-kurdish-migration\/\">Waves of Kurdish migration<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Why Kurds left home in each era, where they went, and how their communities formed.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 16 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"literature-orature\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Kurdish oral tradition \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/dengbej-and-oral-tradition\/\">Dengb\u00eaj and oral tradition<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">The dengb\u00eaj singers and the Kurdish oral tradition of epic, lament and song.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 12 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"food-culture\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Kurdish food and everyday culture \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/kurdish-cuisine-by-region\/\">Kurdish cuisine by region<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Kurdish food from the mountains to the cities, and what it carries of history and family.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 10 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"food-culture\" data-faculty=\"kurdish-studies\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Kurdish food and everyday culture \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/newroz-and-the-kurdish-calendar\/\">Newroz and the Kurdish calendar<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Newroz, its customs and meanings, and the calendars Kurds use.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 6 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"civic-education\" data-faculty=\"law-governance\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Civic education \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/civic-participation-in-germany\/\">Civic participation in Germany<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">How German democracy works at federal, Land and local level, and how Kurds living in Germany can take part lawfully and safely.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 10 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"civic-education\" data-faculty=\"law-governance\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Civic education \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/civic-participation-in-sweden\/\">Civic participation in Sweden<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">How Swedish democracy works at national, regional and municipal level, and how Kurds in Sweden can take part lawfully and safely.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 10 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"digital-safety\" data-faculty=\"natural-sciences\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Information security \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/digital-safety-for-families\/\">Digital safety for families<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Practical steps for Kurdish families who may be watched, phished or pressured, here or in the homeland.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 8 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\" data-school=\"work-enterprise\" data-faculty=\"economic-social-development\" data-level=\"F\" data-wave=\"1\" data-status=\"outlined\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">Labour economics \u00b7 Foundations<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/career-transition-for-skilled-migrants\/\">Career transition for skilled migrants<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Putting a profession learned in Kurdistan or elsewhere to work in a new country.<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Wave 1 \u00b7 18 h <span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Outline drafted<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"pf-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/\">All 104 courses<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">03<\/span>Pathways<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Sequences of courses for a purpose, each ending in a capstone.<\/p>\n  <ul class=\"pf-cards pf-cards--2\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">5 courses<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/pathways\/heritage-learner\/\">Heritage Learner (teen)<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Teens of the second and third generation<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Capstone: A family oral history, recorded with consent<\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">3 courses<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/pathways\/kurdish-teacher\/\">Kurdish Teacher<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Volunteer and professional teachers<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Capstone: Teach a supervised unit with the shared curriculum<\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">5 courses<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/pathways\/community-organiser\/\">Community Organiser<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\"><span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"chapter\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-chapter\"><abbr title=\"A charter unit for a region or a diaspora country: a Regional Chapter or a Diaspora Chapter, adapting the shared method to local law and local risk.\">Chapter<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-chapter\">A charter unit for a region or a diaspora country: a Regional Chapter or a Diaspora Chapter, adapting the shared method to local law and local risk.<\/span><\/span> and association volunteers<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Capstone: Run a chapter event under the safety rules<\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\">4 courses<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/pathways\/newcomer-professional\/\">Newcomer Professional<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">Skilled newcomers<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__foot\">Capstone: A licensing and career plan reviewed by a mentor<\/p>\n<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">04<\/span>Faculties<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">The Academy is organised in <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"faculty\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-faculty\"><abbr title=\"A broad area of knowledge that arranges the Academy's courses by subject; it is not an institution or a body of teaching staff.\">faculties<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-faculty\">A broad area of knowledge that arranges the Academy&#8217;s courses by subject; it is not an institution or a body of teaching staff.<\/span><\/span>, <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"department\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-department\"><abbr title=\"A group of related disciplines within a faculty; it is an arrangement of subjects, not an institution.\">departments<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-department\">A group of related disciplines within a faculty; it is an arrangement of subjects, not an institution.<\/span><\/span>, <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"discipline\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-discipline\"><abbr title=\"One subject of the Academy, with its fields, courses and communities of practice.\">disciplines<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-discipline\">One subject of the Academy, with its fields, courses and communities of practice.<\/span><\/span> and fields.<\/p>\n  <ul class=\"pf-features\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">01<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/\">Faculty of Kurdish Studies<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">The Kurdish languages, history, memory, literatures, faiths, arts, land and diaspora.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">21<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">02<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/\">Faculty of Humanities<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">History, languages, literature, philosophy and religion.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">14<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">03<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/arts\/\">Faculty of Arts<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Music, dengb\u00eaj and dance, visual arts, crafts, architecture and film, as practice and as study.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">8<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">04<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/\">Faculty of Economic and Social Development<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Livelihoods, enterprise, finance, social policy, planning, migration and the risks of a disaster-prone region.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">22<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">05<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/law-governance\/\">Faculty of Law, Governance and Public Affairs<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Law, rights, government, peace and civic life, studied without taking sides.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">14<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">06<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/social-behavioural-sciences\/\">Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Minds, societies, populations, media and the study of migration and diaspora.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">4<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">14<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">07<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/education\/\">Faculty of Education<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Teaching and learning at every age, from mother-tongue classes to adult education.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">7<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">08<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/\">Faculty of Natural Sciences<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Mathematics, computing and the sciences of matter, earth and life, including the geology and ecology of the region.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">6<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">19<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">09<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/engineering-technology\/\">Faculty of Engineering and Technology<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Building, energy, materials, biotechnology and technology in the service of people.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">17<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">10<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/medical-health-sciences\/\">Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Medicine, nursing, public health and care, in the region and wherever Kurds live.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">4<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">16<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">11<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/agricultural-veterinary-sciences\/\">Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Farming, herding, forests, food and water, and the rural livelihoods they support.<\/p><p class=\"pf-feature__foot\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">10<\/span> disciplines<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"pf-mod pf-explorer\" id=\"pf-explorer\" data-pf-mod=\"explorer\" data-count=\"{n} \/ 162\">\n<div class=\"pf-explorer__bar\" hidden><p class=\"pf-explorer__search\"><label for=\"pf-explorer-q\">Search disciplines<\/label><input id=\"pf-explorer-q\" type=\"search\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"pf-explorer__facs\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Faculties\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-fac=\"\">All<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"kurdish-studies\">Faculty of Kurdish Studies<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"humanities\">Faculty of Humanities<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"arts\">Faculty of Arts<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"economic-social-development\">Faculty of Economic and Social Development<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"law-governance\">Faculty of Law, Governance and Public Affairs<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"social-behavioural-sciences\">Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"education\">Faculty of Education<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"natural-sciences\">Faculty of Natural Sciences<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"engineering-technology\">Faculty of Engineering and Technology<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"medical-health-sciences\">Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-fac=\"agricultural-veterinary-sciences\">Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences<\/button><\/div>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__count\" aria-live=\"polite\" data-explorer-count><\/p><\/div>\n<ol class=\"pf-explorer__tree\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"kurdish-studies\"><details open><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Kurdish Studies<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">21<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">62<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/\">The Kurdish languages, history, memory, literatures, faiths, arts, land and diaspora.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/kurdish-languages\/\">Department of Kurdish Languages<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish language and linguistics department of kurdish languages dialectology grammar standardisation lexicography language policy\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-linguistics\/\">Kurdish language and linguistics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurmanji department of kurdish languages kurmanji for beginners intermediate and advanced kurmanji kurmanji for heritage learners kurmanji in cyrillic\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurmanji\/\">Kurmanji<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"sorani department of kurdish languages sorani for beginners intermediate and advanced sorani sorani for heritage learners\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/sorani\/\">Sorani<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"southern kurdish department of kurdish languages kalhuri feyli documentation of southern kurdish\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/southern-kurdish\/\">Southern Kurdish<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"zazaki and gorani department of kurdish languages zazaki gorani and hawrami classical gorani poetry classification debates\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/zazaki-gorani\/\">Zazaki and Gorani<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">2<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish scripts department of kurdish languages the latin alphabet the arabic-based alphabet cyrillic kurdish moving between scripts fonts and keyboards\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-scripts\/\">Kurdish scripts<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/kurdish-history-memory\/\">Department of Kurdish History and Memory<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish history department of kurdish history and memory kurds in world history historiography sources and archives the sharafnama\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-history\/\">Kurdish history<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"early and medieval kurdistan department of kurdish history and memory deep history of the zagros and taurus kurds in the medieval islamic world kurdish dynasties and emirates the ottoman-safavid frontier\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/early-medieval-kurdistan\/\">Early and medieval Kurdistan<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"modern kurdish history department of kurdish history and memory s\u00e8vres, lausanne and mosul kurds in t\u00fcrkiye kurds in iraq and the kurdistan region kurds in iran kurds in syria kurds of the caucasus and central asia\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/modern-kurdish-history\/\">Modern Kurdish history<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">8<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"memory and genocide studies department of kurdish history and memory anfal and halabja the yazidi genocide dersim 1937 to 1938 deportation of the feyli kurds kurdish, armenian and assyrian histories, 1915 to 1923 memorialisation and recognition\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/genocide-memory-studies\/\">Memory and genocide studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">7<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/kurdish-literatures-arts\/\">Department of Kurdish Literatures and Arts<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish literatures department of kurdish literatures and arts classical poetry sorani letters and the baban school the modern novel women writers literature in exile\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-literature\/\">Kurdish literatures<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">4<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish oral tradition department of kurdish literatures and arts dengb\u00eaj epics and beyt lament tales and proverbs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-oral-tradition\/\">Kurdish oral tradition<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish music department of kurdish literatures and arts maqam tanbur daf and percussion regional song traditions\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-music\/\">Kurdish music<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish dance department of kurdish literatures and arts govend dance by region dance in the diaspora\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-dance\/\">Kurdish dance<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish cinema department of kurdish literatures and arts film history documentary women film-makers diaspora film\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-cinema\/\">Kurdish cinema<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish crafts and dress department of kurdish literatures and arts kilims and carpets dress and embroidery crafts and livelihoods\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-crafts\/\">Kurdish crafts and dress<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/kurdish-faiths-cultures\/\">Department of Kurdish Faiths and Cultures<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"faiths of kurdistan department of kurdish faiths and cultures islam and the sufi orders alevism yazidism yarsan kurdish jews christians of kurdistan\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-faiths\/\">Faiths of Kurdistan<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish food and everyday culture department of kurdish faiths and cultures cuisines of the regions newroz and the kurdish calendar hospitality and etiquette weddings and rites of passage\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-food-everyday-culture\/\">Kurdish food and everyday culture<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/kurdish-studies\/kurdish-society-land-diaspora\/\">Department of Kurdish Society, Land and Diaspora<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish society and politics department of kurdish society, land and diaspora tribe, sheikh and state kurdish political thought women's movements institutions and economy of the kurdistan region language rights compared\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-society-politics\/\">Kurdish society and politics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"land and environment of kurdistan department of kurdish society, land and diaspora water and dams on the tigris and euphrates lake urmia zagros forests and mountain farming earthquakes\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdistan-land-environment\/\">Land and environment of Kurdistan<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">4<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"kurdish diaspora studies department of kurdish society, land and diaspora waves of migration kurds in germany kurds in the nordic countries kurds in france, the benelux and the uk kurds in north america, australia and japan kurdish media in exile\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurdish-diaspora-studies\/\">Kurdish diaspora studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">7<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"humanities\"><details><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Humanities<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">14<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">2<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/\">History, languages, literature, philosophy and religion.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/history-archaeology\/\">Department of History and Archaeology<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"world and regional history department of history and archaeology history of the middle east empires and their peoples global history history of the twentieth century\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/world-history\/\">World and regional history<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"archaeology department of history and archaeology prehistory ancient near east archaeological heritage at risk field methods\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/archaeology\/\">Archaeology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"oral history department of history and archaeology interview methods consent and ethics family and community histories archiving testimony\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/oral-history\/\">Oral history<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"history and philosophy of science department of history and archaeology history of medicine history of astronomy and mathematics philosophy of science\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/history-of-science\/\">History and philosophy of science<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/languages-linguistics\/\">Department of Languages and Linguistics<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"linguistics department of languages and linguistics phonology morphology and syntax sociolinguistics historical linguistics language contact\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/linguistics\/\">Linguistics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"language documentation and revitalisation department of languages and linguistics recording and annotation dictionaries and grammars community revitalisation archiving language materials\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/language-documentation\/\">Language documentation and revitalisation<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"translation and interpreting department of languages and linguistics literary translation community and public-service interpreting medical and legal interpreting translation technology\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/translation-interpreting\/\">Translation and interpreting<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"applied linguistics and language learning department of languages and linguistics second language acquisition bilingualism language assessment language policy\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/applied-linguistics\/\">Applied linguistics and language learning<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/literature\/\">Department of Literature<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"comparative literature department of literature literary theory world literature literature of exile and migration oral and written literature\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/comparative-literature\/\">Comparative literature<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/philosophy-religion\/\">Department of Philosophy and Religion<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"philosophy department of philosophy and religion metaphysics epistemology logic philosophy in the islamic world\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/philosophy\/\">Philosophy<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"ethics department of philosophy and religion applied ethics research ethics ethics of memory\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/ethics\/\">Ethics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"religious studies department of philosophy and religion comparative religion religion and secularism religious minorities religion in diaspora\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/religious-studies\/\">Religious studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/humanities\/heritage-digital-humanities\/\">Department of Heritage and Digital Humanities<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"heritage studies department of heritage and digital humanities intangible cultural heritage museums and collections heritage at risk calendars and festivals\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/heritage-studies\/\">Heritage studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"digital humanities department of heritage and digital humanities text encoding digital editions mapping history digitisation of manuscripts\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/digital-humanities\/\">Digital humanities<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"arts\"><details><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Arts<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">8<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">0<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/arts\/\">Music, dengb\u00eaj and dance, visual arts, crafts, architecture and film, as practice and as study.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/arts\/music-performing-arts\/\">Department of Music and Performing Arts<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"music and musicology department of music and performing arts ethnomusicology music theory performance practice music education\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/music\/\">Music and musicology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"dance and theatre department of music and performing arts dance theatre storytelling and performance\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/performing-arts\/\">Dance and theatre<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"folklore studies department of music and performing arts folk song tales and proverbs folk custom collecting folklore ethically\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/folklore-studies\/\">Folklore studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/arts\/visual-arts-design\/\">Department of Visual Arts, Crafts and Design<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"fine arts department of visual arts, crafts and design painting photography contemporary art art history\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/fine-arts\/\">Fine arts<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"crafts and textiles department of visual arts, crafts and design weaving dress and embroidery pottery and metalwork craft livelihoods\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/crafts-textiles\/\">Crafts and textiles<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"design department of visual arts, crafts and design graphic design and typography interior design product design\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/design\/\">Design<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"architecture and landscape department of visual arts, crafts and design architectural design vernacular architecture landscape and gardens conservation of historic buildings\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/architecture\/\">Architecture and landscape<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/arts\/film-media-arts\/\">Department of Film and Media Arts<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"film studies department of film and media arts film history documentary film-making diaspora cinema\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/film-studies\/\">Film studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"economic-social-development\"><details><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Economic and Social Development<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">22<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">13<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/\">Livelihoods, enterprise, finance, social policy, planning, migration and the risks of a disaster-prone region.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/economics\/\">Department of Economics<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"development economics department of economics growth and structural change poverty and inequality aid and development finance informal economy sanctions and economic isolation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/development-economics\/\">Development economics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"labour economics department of economics labour markets skilled migration and brain circulation recognition of skills and prior learning licensing of regulated professions youth employment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/labour-economics\/\">Labour economics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"environmental and resource economics department of economics water economics energy economics climate policy natural resource revenues\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/environmental-resource-economics\/\">Environmental and resource economics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"public economics department of economics taxation public spending subsidies fiscal transparency\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/public-economics\/\">Public economics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/enterprise-finance\/\">Department of Enterprise, Finance and Philanthropy<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"entrepreneurship and small enterprise department of enterprise, finance and philanthropy starting a small business migrant and diaspora entrepreneurship food enterprise social enterprise access to markets\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/entrepreneurship\/\">Entrepreneurship and small enterprise<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">2<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"finance and remittances department of enterprise, finance and philanthropy remittances diaspora investment microfinance financial inclusion banking access under sanctions and de-risking\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/finance-remittances\/\">Finance and remittances<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"accounting and financial transparency department of enterprise, finance and philanthropy bookkeeping for associations audit financial reporting\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/accounting\/\">Accounting and financial transparency<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"non-profit management and philanthropy department of enterprise, finance and philanthropy running a community association grant writing diaspora philanthropy volunteer management governance of associations\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/nonprofit-management-philanthropy\/\">Non-profit management and philanthropy<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">2<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"management and organisations department of enterprise, finance and philanthropy strategy human resources project management cooperatives\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/management\/\">Management and organisations<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/social-development\/\">Department of Social Development<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"social policy department of social development welfare systems social protection housing pensions across borders\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/social-policy\/\">Social policy<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"social work and safeguarding department of social development safeguarding children and adults case work and referral community social work gender-based violence response\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/social-work\/\">Social work and safeguarding<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"community development department of social development community organising participatory planning newcomer support youth programmes women's leadership\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/community-development\/\">Community development<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"families, ageing and generations department of social development intergenerational dialogue ageing and care across borders transnational families childhood and youth\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/families-ageing-generations\/\">Families, ageing and generations<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">2<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"disability and inclusion department of social development accessibility disability rights inclusive services\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/disability-inclusion\/\">Disability and inclusion<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/urban-regional-development\/\">Department of Urban and Regional Development<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"urban and regional planning department of urban and regional development urban planning regional development informal settlements reconstruction after conflict and disaster\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/urban-regional-planning\/\">Urban and regional planning<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"economic and social geography department of urban and regional development regional inequality borderlands trade routes tourism geography\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/economic-geography\/\">Economic and social geography<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"transport and mobility planning department of urban and regional development mobility and access cross-border trade corridors urban transport\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/transport-planning\/\">Transport and mobility planning<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/economic-social-development\/risk-resilience-humanitarian\/\">Department of Risk, Resilience and Humanitarian Action<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"disaster risk reduction department of risk, resilience and humanitarian action earthquake preparedness early warning community preparedness risk assessment recovery and reconstruction\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/disaster-risk-reduction\/\">Disaster risk reduction<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"climate change adaptation department of risk, resilience and humanitarian action drought and water stress heat and health adaptation planning climate migration\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/climate-adaptation\/\">Climate change adaptation<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"humanitarian action department of risk, resilience and humanitarian action humanitarian principles coordination and the cluster system protection cash assistance accountability to affected people\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/humanitarian-action\/\">Humanitarian action<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"water security and governance department of risk, resilience and humanitarian action transboundary water governance dams and downstream users drinking water access water conflict and cooperation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/water-security\/\">Water security and governance<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"environment and natural resource governance department of risk, resilience and humanitarian action protected areas environmental law and policy community conservation sand and dust storms policy\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/environmental-governance\/\">Environment and natural resource governance<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"law-governance\"><details><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Law, Governance and Public Affairs<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">14<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">15<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/law-governance\/\">Law, rights, government, peace and civic life, studied without taking sides.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/law-governance\/law\/\">Department of Law<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"constitutional law department of law constitutional design compared federalism and autonomy separation of powers minority and language rights\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/constitutional-law\/\">Constitutional law<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"international human rights law department of law united nations human rights system regional human rights courts documentation of violations rights of women and children freedom of expression\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/human-rights-law\/\">International human rights law<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"migration, refugee and nationality law department of law asylum systems compared refugee law nationality and statelessness family reunification\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/migration-law\/\">Migration, refugee and nationality law<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"transitional justice department of law truth commissions trials and accountability reparations memorialisation institutional reform\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/transitional-justice\/\">Transitional justice<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"international criminal law department of law genocide law crimes against humanity universal jurisdiction evidence for international courts\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/international-criminal-law\/\">International criminal law<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"criminology department of law hate crime trafficking and exploitation transnational repression victim support\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/criminology\/\">Criminology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/law-governance\/political-science\/\">Department of Political Science<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"comparative politics department of political science democratisation authoritarianism social movements elections and electoral systems\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/comparative-politics\/\">Comparative politics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"international relations department of political science regional politics of the middle east sanctions and diplomacy international organisations diaspora diplomacy\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/international-relations\/\">International relations<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"public administration and governance department of political science local government public service delivery anti-corruption and integrity open government\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/public-administration\/\">Public administration and governance<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"democracy and the rule of law department of political science rule of law judicial independence accountability institutions elections and integrity\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/rule-of-law-democracy\/\">Democracy and the rule of law<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"peace and conflict studies department of political science peace processes compared conflict resolution reconciliation armed conflict and civilians\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/peace-conflict-studies\/\">Peace and conflict studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"political theory department of political science democracy and pluralism nationalism and self-determination secularism and religion in politics political thought of the region\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/political-theory\/\">Political theory<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/law-governance\/civic-life\/\">Department of Civic Life and Deliberation<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"civic education department of civic life and deliberation civic participation by country voting and representation associations and civil society rights and duties of residents\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/civic-education\/\">Civic education<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">8<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"deliberation and dialogue department of civic life and deliberation deliberation across divides citizens' assemblies facilitation public reasoning on contested futures\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/deliberative-democracy\/\">Deliberation and dialogue<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"social-behavioural-sciences\"><details><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">4<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">14<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/social-behavioural-sciences\/\">Minds, societies, populations, media and the study of migration and diaspora.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/social-behavioural-sciences\/psychological-sciences\/\">Department of Psychology<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"psychology department of psychology developmental psychology social psychology clinical psychology cognitive psychology\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/psychology\/\">Psychology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"cross-cultural and migration psychology department of psychology acculturation bilingual identity intergenerational trauma discrimination and wellbeing\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/cross-cultural-psychology\/\">Cross-cultural and migration psychology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"cognitive science department of psychology language and the mind memory bilingualism\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/cognitive-science\/\">Cognitive science<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/social-behavioural-sciences\/sociology-anthropology\/\">Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Demography<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"sociology department of sociology, anthropology and demography social stratification religion and society urban sociology sociology of the family\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/sociology\/\">Sociology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"social and cultural anthropology department of sociology, anthropology and demography ethnography kinship ritual and festival material culture hospitality and everyday life\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/social-anthropology\/\">Social and cultural anthropology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"demography department of sociology, anthropology and demography population estimates migration measurement fertility and mortality measuring diasporas\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/demography\/\">Demography<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"gender studies department of sociology, anthropology and demography women's movements gender and law masculinities gender and migration\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/gender-studies\/\">Gender studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/social-behavioural-sciences\/diaspora-migration-studies\/\">Department of Diaspora and Migration Studies<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"migration and refugee studies department of diaspora and migration studies forced displacement settlement and integration return and circular migration statelessness migration policy\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/migration-studies\/\">Migration and refugee studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"diaspora studies department of diaspora and migration studies theories of diaspora transnationalism diaspora and homeland politics methods for diaspora research\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/diaspora-studies\/\">Diaspora studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"social research methods and ethics department of diaspora and migration studies qualitative methods survey research participatory research community data and privacy research ethics\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/research-methods\/\">Social research methods and ethics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/social-behavioural-sciences\/media-information\/\">Department of Media, Communication and Information<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"journalism department of media, communication and information reporting and verification exile and diaspora media media law and ethics safety of journalists\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/journalism\/\">Journalism<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"media and information literacy department of media, communication and information fact-checking disinformation information integrity literacy for families\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/media-information-literacy\/\">Media and information literacy<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"media and communication studies department of media, communication and information digital media and platforms broadcasting satellite and online media public communication\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/communication-studies\/\">Media and communication studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"library, archival and information studies department of media, communication and information archival research community archives digital preservation cataloguing and metadata\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/archival-library-studies\/\">Library, archival and information studies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"education\"><details><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Education<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">7<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">2<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/education\/\">Teaching and learning at every age, from mother-tongue classes to adult education.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/education\/learning-sciences\/\">Department of Education Science<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"education science and pedagogy department of education science learning sciences curriculum design assessment for learning educational technology comparative education\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/education-science\/\">Education science and pedagogy<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"inclusive and special education department of education science special educational needs inclusive classrooms refugee children in school\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/inclusive-education\/\">Inclusive and special education<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/education\/teaching-professions\/\">Department of Teacher Education<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"teacher education department of teacher education teaching methods classroom practice subject teaching teaching online\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/teacher-education\/\">Teacher education<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"early childhood education department of teacher education play and early learning early bilingualism parents as first teachers\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/early-childhood-education\/\">Early childhood education<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"heritage language education department of teacher education weekend and community schools teaching heritage learners materials for heritage learners family language planning\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/heritage-language-education\/\">Heritage language education<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">2<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/education\/adult-community-education\/\">Department of Adult and Community Education<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"adult and lifelong learning department of adult and community education literacy and numeracy learning for newcomers workplace learning recognition of prior learning\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/adult-education\/\">Adult and lifelong learning<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"education in emergencies department of adult and community education schooling in displacement psychosocial support in schools safe schools\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/education-in-emergencies\/\">Education in emergencies<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"natural-sciences\"><details><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Natural Sciences<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">6<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">19<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">4<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/\">Mathematics, computing and the sciences of matter, earth and life, including the geology and ecology of the region.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/mathematics-statistics\/\">Department of Mathematics and Statistics<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"mathematics department of mathematics and statistics algebra and number theory analysis geometry and topology discrete mathematics history of mathematics\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/mathematics\/\">Mathematics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"applied mathematics department of mathematics and statistics mathematical modelling numerical analysis optimisation dynamical systems\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/applied-mathematics\/\">Applied mathematics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"statistics department of mathematics and statistics statistical inference survey methodology official statistics bayesian statistics small-area estimation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/statistics\/\">Statistics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/computing-information\/\">Department of Computing and Information Sciences<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"computer science department of computing and information sciences algorithms and complexity programming languages software engineering artificial intelligence human-computer interaction\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/computer-science\/\">Computer science<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"data science department of computing and information sciences machine learning data engineering data visualisation privacy-preserving analysis\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/data-science\/\">Data science<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"information security department of computing and information sciences personal and family digital safety threat modelling secure communication censorship and network shutdowns safe handling of evidence\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/information-security\/\">Information security<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">4<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"language technology department of computing and information sciences machine translation speech recognition text corpora fonts, scripts and keyboards low-resource languages\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/natural-language-processing\/\">Language technology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/physical-chemical-sciences\/\">Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"physics department of physical and chemical sciences condensed matter physics particle and nuclear physics optics and photonics applied physics\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/physics\/\">Physics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"astronomy and astrophysics department of physical and chemical sciences observational astronomy astrophysics cosmology history of astronomy\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/astronomy\/\">Astronomy and astrophysics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"chemistry department of physical and chemical sciences organic chemistry inorganic chemistry physical chemistry analytical chemistry environmental chemistry\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/chemistry\/\">Chemistry<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/earth-environmental-sciences\/\">Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"geology and seismology department of earth and environmental sciences seismology tectonics and active faults geological hazards mineral resources\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/geology-seismology\/\">Geology and seismology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"hydrology and water resources department of earth and environmental sciences transboundary rivers groundwater lakes and wetlands droughts and floods water quality\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/hydrology\/\">Hydrology and water resources<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"atmospheric and climate science department of earth and environmental sciences climatology climate projections dust storms and air quality extreme heat\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/atmospheric-climate-science\/\">Atmospheric and climate science<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"environmental science department of earth and environmental sciences land degradation pollution environmental monitoring conservation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/environmental-science\/\">Environmental science<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"physical geography and remote sensing department of earth and environmental sciences geomorphology remote sensing geographic information systems land cover change\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/physical-geography\/\">Physical geography and remote sensing<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/life-sciences\/\">Department of Life Sciences<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"biology department of life sciences cell biology genetics evolutionary biology microbiology botany zoology\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/biology\/\">Biology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"biochemistry and molecular biology department of life sciences molecular biology structural biology genomics bioinformatics\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/biochemistry-molecular-biology\/\">Biochemistry and molecular biology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"ecology and biodiversity department of life sciences ecosystem ecology biodiversity and conservation wildlife endemic and threatened species\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/ecology-biodiversity\/\">Ecology and biodiversity<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/natural-sciences\/interdisciplinary-sciences\/\">Department of Interdisciplinary Sciences<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"interdisciplinary natural sciences department of interdisciplinary sciences complex systems citizen science science communication open science\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/interdisciplinary-natural-sciences\/\">Interdisciplinary natural sciences<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"engineering-technology\"><details><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Engineering and Technology<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">5<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">17<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">0<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/engineering-technology\/\">Building, energy, materials, biotechnology and technology in the service of people.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/engineering-technology\/civil-infrastructure-engineering\/\">Department of Civil Engineering<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"civil engineering department of civil engineering structural engineering geotechnical engineering construction management building codes\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/civil-engineering\/\">Civil engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"earthquake engineering department of civil engineering seismic design retrofitting older buildings post-earthquake assessment safe schools and hospitals\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/earthquake-engineering\/\">Earthquake engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"water resources engineering department of civil engineering dams and reservoirs irrigation systems urban water supply flood control\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/water-engineering\/\">Water resources engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"transport engineering department of civil engineering road and rail design public transport traffic safety rural access\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/transport-engineering\/\">Transport engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/engineering-technology\/electrical-information-engineering\/\">Department of Electrical and Information Engineering<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"electrical and electronic engineering department of electrical and information engineering power systems electronics signal processing embedded systems\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/electrical-electronic-engineering\/\">Electrical and electronic engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"telecommunications and information engineering department of electrical and information engineering mobile and wireless networks internet infrastructure network resilience satellite communication\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/telecommunications\/\">Telecommunications and information engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"control engineering and robotics department of electrical and information engineering automation robotics sensors and instrumentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/control-robotics\/\">Control engineering and robotics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/engineering-technology\/mechanical-chemical-materials\/\">Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"mechanical engineering department of mechanical, chemical and materials engineering thermodynamics fluid mechanics manufacturing vehicles and aerospace\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/mechanical-engineering\/\">Mechanical engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"chemical engineering department of mechanical, chemical and materials engineering process engineering petroleum and gas processing process safety water treatment processes\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/chemical-engineering\/\">Chemical engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"materials engineering department of mechanical, chemical and materials engineering metals and alloys polymers ceramics and glass building materials\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/materials-engineering\/\">Materials engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/engineering-technology\/energy-environmental-engineering\/\">Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"energy systems department of energy and environmental engineering renewable energy energy efficiency electricity access energy transition\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/energy-systems\/\">Energy systems<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"environmental engineering department of energy and environmental engineering wastewater treatment air pollution control solid waste management contaminated land\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/environmental-engineering\/\">Environmental engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"environmental biotechnology department of energy and environmental engineering bioremediation biogas and bioenergy biological water treatment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/environmental-biotechnology\/\">Environmental biotechnology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/engineering-technology\/biotechnology-nanotechnology\/\">Department of Biotechnology, Nanotechnology and Medical Engineering<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"industrial biotechnology department of biotechnology, nanotechnology and medical engineering bioprocessing fermentation biomaterials\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/industrial-biotechnology\/\">Industrial biotechnology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"nanotechnology department of biotechnology, nanotechnology and medical engineering nanomaterials nanoelectronics safety of nanomaterials\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/nanotechnology\/\">Nanotechnology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"medical engineering department of biotechnology, nanotechnology and medical engineering medical devices medical imaging prosthetics and assistive technology health technology assessment\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/medical-engineering\/\">Medical engineering<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"food technology department of biotechnology, nanotechnology and medical engineering food processing food safety food preservation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/food-technology\/\">Food technology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"medical-health-sciences\"><details><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">4<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">16<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/medical-health-sciences\/\">Medicine, nursing, public health and care, in the region and wherever Kurds live.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/medical-health-sciences\/basic-medical-sciences\/\">Department of Basic Medical Sciences<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"biomedical sciences department of basic medical sciences anatomy and physiology pathology immunology human genetics\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/biomedical-sciences\/\">Biomedical sciences<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"pharmacology and pharmacy department of basic medical sciences pharmacology pharmacy practice access to medicines traditional remedies and evidence\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/pharmacology-pharmacy\/\">Pharmacology and pharmacy<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"medical biotechnology department of basic medical sciences vaccines diagnostics gene and cell therapy\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/medical-biotechnology\/\">Medical biotechnology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/medical-health-sciences\/clinical-care\/\">Department of Clinical Medicine and Care<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"clinical medicine department of clinical medicine and care internal medicine surgery paediatrics obstetrics and gynaecology emergency medicine\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/clinical-medicine\/\">Clinical medicine<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"psychiatry department of clinical medicine and care trauma and stress disorders child and adolescent psychiatry psychiatry in migration substance use\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/psychiatry\/\">Psychiatry<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"dentistry and oral health department of clinical medicine and care oral health community dentistry\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/dentistry\/\">Dentistry and oral health<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"nursing and midwifery department of clinical medicine and care nursing practice midwifery community nursing palliative care\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/nursing-midwifery\/\">Nursing and midwifery<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"rehabilitation and therapy department of clinical medicine and care physiotherapy occupational therapy speech and language therapy rehabilitation after conflict injuries\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/rehabilitation\/\">Rehabilitation and therapy<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/medical-health-sciences\/population-global-health\/\">Department of Public and Global Health<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"public health department of public and global health health promotion health of migrants and refugees environmental health non-communicable diseases health policy and systems\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/public-health\/\">Public health<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"epidemiology department of public and global health infectious disease epidemiology chronic disease epidemiology surveillance biostatistics\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/epidemiology\/\">Epidemiology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"global and humanitarian health department of public and global health health in emergencies displacement and camp health maternal and child health in crises health workforce\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/global-humanitarian-health\/\">Global and humanitarian health<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"mental health and psychosocial support department of public and global health trauma and resilience community psychosocial support mental health literacy stigma and help-seeking\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/mental-health-psychosocial-support\/\">Mental health and psychosocial support<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--open\">Open<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">1<\/span> course<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"nutrition and dietetics department of public and global health public health nutrition child nutrition diet and chronic disease\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/nutrition\/\">Nutrition and dietetics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"occupational health and safety department of public and global health workplace safety migrant workers' health occupational disease\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/occupational-health\/\">Occupational health and safety<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/medical-health-sciences\/forensic-medicine\/\">Department of Forensic and Other Medical Sciences<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"forensic science and medicine department of forensic and other medical sciences forensic medicine forensic anthropology documentation of torture identification of the missing\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/forensic-science\/\">Forensic science and medicine<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"medical ethics and health law department of forensic and other medical sciences consent and confidentiality research ethics health and human rights\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/medical-ethics\/\">Medical ethics and health law<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__fac\" data-fac=\"agricultural-veterinary-sciences\"><details><summary><span class=\"pf-explorer__ft\">Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences<\/span><span class=\"pf-explorer__fn\"><span class=\"pf-acad-counts\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">3<\/span> departments<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">10<\/span> disciplines<\/span><span class=\"pf-acad-count\"><span class=\"pf-acad-count__n\">0<\/span> courses<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/summary>\n<p class=\"pf-explorer__fs\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/agricultural-veterinary-sciences\/\">Farming, herding, forests, food and water, and the rural livelihoods they support.<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"pf-explorer__depts\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/agricultural-veterinary-sciences\/agriculture-forestry-fisheries\/\">Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"agronomy and crop science department of agriculture, forestry and fisheries crop production soil science dryland farming plant protection\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/agronomy\/\">Agronomy and crop science<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"horticulture department of agriculture, forestry and fisheries orchards and nuts vineyards market gardening greenhouse production\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/horticulture\/\">Horticulture<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"forestry department of agriculture, forestry and fisheries forest ecology forest management wildfire reforestation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/forestry\/\">Forestry<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"agricultural water management department of agriculture, forestry and fisheries irrigation efficiency water harvesting salinity water rights in farming\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/irrigation-agricultural-water\/\">Agricultural water management<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"fisheries and aquaculture department of agriculture, forestry and fisheries freshwater fisheries aquaculture reservoir fisheries\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/fisheries\/\">Fisheries and aquaculture<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/agricultural-veterinary-sciences\/animal-veterinary-sciences\/\">Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"animal and dairy science department of animal and veterinary sciences livestock production dairy pastoralism and herding animal welfare\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/animal-science\/\">Animal and dairy science<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"veterinary science department of animal and veterinary sciences animal health zoonoses veterinary public health\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/veterinary-science\/\">Veterinary science<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__dept\"><p class=\"pf-explorer__dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/faculties\/agricultural-veterinary-sciences\/food-systems-rural-development\/\">Department of Food Systems and Rural Development<\/a><\/p><ul class=\"pf-explorer__discs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"agricultural biotechnology department of food systems and rural development plant breeding drought-tolerant crops seed systems\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/agricultural-biotechnology\/\">Agricultural biotechnology<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"food security department of food systems and rural development food prices and access food assistance local food systems measuring food insecurity\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/food-security\/\">Food security<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-explorer__disc\" data-q=\"rural development and agricultural economics department of food systems and rural development agricultural markets rural livelihoods cooperatives land and water rights\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/rural-development\/\">Rural development and agricultural economics<\/a><span class=\"pf-explorer__meta\"><span class=\"pf-explorer__st pf-explorer__st--proposed\">Proposed<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/details><\/li><\/ol>\n<\/div><p class=\"pf-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/\">All disciplines<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">05<\/span>What completion means<\/h2>\n  \n  <p class=\"pf-acad-honest\">A <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"completion-record\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-completion-record\"><abbr title=\"A record of what was studied and assessed in a course or pathway; it is not a certificate or a qualification.\">completion record<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-completion-record\">A record of what was studied and assessed in a course or pathway; it is not a certificate or a qualification.<\/span><\/span> shows what was studied and assessed. It is not a certificate or a qualification.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-facts\"><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>It shows<\/dt><dd>You finished the course and its assessment.<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Scope<\/dt><dd>This course only. It is not an accredited qualification, a degree or a language certificate.<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Validity<\/dt><dd>A permanent record of completion. It does not expire and is not renewed.<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Withdrawal<\/dt><dd>Withdrawn if obtained by misrepresentation.<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Not an endorsement<\/dt><dd>Completion does not mean KCO endorses you, your work or your views.<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-fact\"><dt>Charter roles<\/dt><dd>Roles under the charter have their own criteria, renewal and revocation rules.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">06<\/span>Plan a pathway<\/h2>\n  \n  <section class=\"pf-chain\" data-pf-chain=\"pathway\" data-chain-data=\"{&quot;level&quot;:&quot;Practitioner&quot;,&quot;pathways&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;heritage-learner&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Heritage Learner (teen)&quot;,&quot;courses&quot;:[{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Kurmanji A1 (Latin)&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:40},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Kurdish scripts bridge (Latin, Arabic-based, Cyrillic)&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:12},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Kurds in world history (survey)&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:30},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Newroz and the Kurdish calendar&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:6},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Dengb\u00eaj and oral tradition&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:12}]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;kurdish-teacher&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Kurdish Teacher&quot;,&quot;courses&quot;:[{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Kurdish teacher training&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:30},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Kurdish scripts bridge (Latin, Arabic-based, Cyrillic)&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:12},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Safeguarding for community programmes&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:0}]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;community-organiser&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Community Organiser&quot;,&quot;courses&quot;:[{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Running a community association&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:0},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Civic participation in Germany&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:10},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Deliberation and dialogue across divides&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:0},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Digital safety for families&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:8},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Threat modelling for activists and organisers&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:0}]},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;newcomer-professional&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Newcomer Professional&quot;,&quot;courses&quot;:[{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;First year in a new country&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:0},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Recognising qualifications&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:0},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Career transition for skilled migrants&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:18},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Licensing paths for regulated professions&quot;,&quot;hours&quot;:0}]}]}\" aria-label=\"From study hours to a completion record: how a pathway is completed\">\n<div class=\"pf-chain__main\"><div class=\"pf-chain__intro\"><p class=\"pf-chain__eb\">Learn \u00b7 the Academy&#8217;s model<\/p><h3 class=\"pf-chain__title\">From study hours to a completion record: how a pathway is completed<\/h3><p class=\"pf-chain__lede\">A <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"pathway\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-pathway\"><abbr title=\"A sequence of courses for a purpose, ending in a capstone; it leads to a completion record, not a qualification.\">pathway<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-pathway\">A sequence of courses for a purpose, ending in a capstone; it leads to a completion record, not a qualification.<\/span><\/span>&#8216;s courses carry estimated hours; your weekly pace sets the weeks; every course <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"achievement\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-achievement\"><abbr title=\"A record that you completed a course or took part; it does not attest to competence for any role.\">achievement<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-achievement\">A record that you completed a course or took part; it does not attest to competence for any role.<\/span><\/span> and an accepted capstone lead to the pathway completion record.<\/p><p class=\"pf-chain__actions\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-btn\" data-chain-act=\"play\">Run the model<\/button><\/p><ul class=\"pf-chain__legend\" role=\"list\"><li><svg viewBox=\"-8 -8 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"pf-chain__node--data\"><circle cx=\"0\" cy=\"0\" r=\"5\"><\/circle><\/svg>Data<\/li><li><svg viewBox=\"-8 -8 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"pf-chain__node--model\"><rect x=\"-6\" y=\"-6\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" rx=\"0\"><\/rect><\/svg>Model<\/li><li><svg viewBox=\"-8 -8 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"pf-chain__node--gate\"><path d=\"M0 -7 L7 0 L0 7 L-7 0 Z\"><\/path><\/svg>Gate<\/li><li><svg viewBox=\"-8 -8 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"pf-chain__node--decision\"><rect x=\"-6\" y=\"-6\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" rx=\"1\"><\/rect><\/svg>Outcome<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-chain__canvas\"><div class=\"pf-chain__bar\" hidden><button type=\"button\" data-chain-act=\"first\" aria-label=\"First step\">\u23ee<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-chain-act=\"play\" aria-label=\"Run\">\u25b6<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-chain-act=\"next\" aria-label=\"Next step\">\u23ed<\/button><span class=\"pf-chain__ticks\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i data-chain-tick=\"0\"><\/i><i data-chain-tick=\"1\"><\/i><i data-chain-tick=\"2\"><\/i><i data-chain-tick=\"3\"><\/i><i data-chain-tick=\"4\"><\/i><i data-chain-tick=\"5\"><\/i><i data-chain-tick=\"6\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"pf-chain__count\" data-chain-count>7 steps<\/span><\/div><div class=\"pf-chain__stage\"><svg class=\"pf-chain__svg\" viewBox=\"0 -6 704 196\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"From study hours to a completion record: how a pathway is completed\"><text class=\"pf-chain__lane\" x=\"0\" y=\"38\">Study<\/text><text class=\"pf-chain__lane\" x=\"0\" y=\"114\">Recognition<\/text><path class=\"pf-chain__edge\" data-chain-to=\"1\" d=\"M84 34 L208 34\"><\/path><path class=\"pf-chain__edge\" data-chain-to=\"2\" d=\"M208 34 L332 34\"><\/path><path class=\"pf-chain__edge\" data-chain-to=\"3\" d=\"M84 34 C146 34 146 110 208 110\"><\/path><path class=\"pf-chain__edge\" data-chain-to=\"4\" d=\"M208 110 L332 110\"><\/path><path class=\"pf-chain__edge\" data-chain-to=\"5\" d=\"M332 110 L456 110\"><\/path><path class=\"pf-chain__edge\" data-chain-to=\"5\" d=\"M332 34 C394 34 394 110 456 110\"><\/path><path class=\"pf-chain__edge\" data-chain-to=\"6\" d=\"M456 110 L580 110\"><\/path><g class=\"pf-chain__node pf-chain__node--data\" data-chain-node=\"0\" data-state=\"idle\"><circle cx=\"84\" cy=\"34\" r=\"5\"><\/circle><text class=\"pf-chain__label\" x=\"84\" y=\"56\">Course hours<\/text><text class=\"pf-chain__value\" x=\"84\" y=\"71\" data-chain-out=\"hours\">100 h<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-chain__node pf-chain__node--model\" data-chain-node=\"1\" data-state=\"idle\"><rect x=\"202\" y=\"28\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" rx=\"0\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-chain__label\" x=\"208\" y=\"56\">Weekly pace<\/text><text class=\"pf-chain__value\" x=\"208\" y=\"71\" data-chain-out=\"pace\">4 h a week<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-chain__node pf-chain__node--model\" data-chain-node=\"2\" data-state=\"idle\"><rect x=\"326\" y=\"28\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" rx=\"0\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-chain__label\" x=\"332\" y=\"56\">Weeks to finish<\/text><text class=\"pf-chain__value\" x=\"332\" y=\"71\" data-chain-out=\"weeks\">25 weeks<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-chain__node pf-chain__node--gate\" data-chain-node=\"3\" data-state=\"idle\"><path d=\"M208 103 L215 110 L208 117 L201 110 Z\"><\/path><text class=\"pf-chain__label\" x=\"208\" y=\"132\">Course achievements<\/text><text class=\"pf-chain__value\" x=\"208\" y=\"147\" data-chain-out=\"badges\">5<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-chain__node pf-chain__node--gate\" data-chain-node=\"4\" data-state=\"idle\"><path d=\"M332 103 L339 110 L332 117 L325 110 Z\"><\/path><text class=\"pf-chain__label\" x=\"332\" y=\"132\">Capstone<\/text><text class=\"pf-chain__value\" x=\"332\" y=\"147\" data-chain-out=\"capstone\">Reviewer accepts<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-chain__node pf-chain__node--decision\" data-chain-node=\"5\" data-state=\"idle\"><rect x=\"450\" y=\"104\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" rx=\"1\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-chain__label\" x=\"456\" y=\"132\">Pathway completion record<\/text><text class=\"pf-chain__value\" x=\"456\" y=\"147\" data-chain-out=\"credential\">Earned<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-chain__node pf-chain__node--decision\" data-chain-node=\"6\" data-state=\"idle\"><rect x=\"574\" y=\"104\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" rx=\"1\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-chain__label\" x=\"580\" y=\"132\">Learner level<\/text><text class=\"pf-chain__value\" x=\"580\" y=\"147\" data-chain-out=\"level\">Practitioner<\/text><\/g><\/svg><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<aside class=\"pf-chain__panel\"><div class=\"pf-chain__tabs\" role=\"tablist\" hidden><button type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-chain-tab=\"model\">Model<\/button><button type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-chain-tab=\"step\">Step<\/button><button type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-chain-tab=\"rules\">Rules<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-chain__pane\" data-chain-pane=\"model\"><p class=\"pf-chain__k\">Weeks to finish<\/p><p class=\"pf-chain__big\" dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"weeks\">25 weeks<\/p><div class=\"pf-chain__chart\" data-chain-chart><svg class=\"pf-chart\" viewBox=\"0 0 300 120\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Weeks to finish at each weekly pace\"><line class=\"pf-chart__grid\" x1=\"30\" x2=\"294\" y1=\"98.0\" y2=\"98.0\"><\/line><text class=\"pf-chart__t\" x=\"24\" y=\"101.0\" text-anchor=\"end\">0<\/text><line class=\"pf-chart__grid\" x1=\"30\" x2=\"294\" y1=\"53.0\" y2=\"53.0\"><\/line><text class=\"pf-chart__t\" x=\"24\" y=\"56.0\" text-anchor=\"end\">50<\/text><line class=\"pf-chart__grid\" x1=\"30\" x2=\"294\" y1=\"8.0\" y2=\"8.0\"><\/line><text class=\"pf-chart__t\" x=\"24\" y=\"11.0\" text-anchor=\"end\">100<\/text><path class=\"pf-chart__line\" d=\"M30.0 8.0 L48.9 53.0 L67.7 67.4 L86.6 75.5 L105.4 80.0 L124.3 82.7 L143.1 84.5 L162.0 86.3 L180.9 87.2 L199.7 89.0 L218.6 89.0 L237.4 89.9 L256.3 90.8 L275.1 90.8 L294.0 91.7\"><\/path><line class=\"pf-chart__mark\" x1=\"86.6\" x2=\"86.6\" y1=\"8\" y2=\"98\"><\/line><circle class=\"pf-chart__dot\" cx=\"86.6\" cy=\"75.5\" r=\"4\"><\/circle><text class=\"pf-chart__t\" x=\"30\" y=\"114\">1 h a week<\/text><text class=\"pf-chart__t\" x=\"294\" y=\"114\" text-anchor=\"end\">15 h a week<\/text><\/svg><\/div><p class=\"pf-chain__note\">Weeks to finish at each weekly pace; the dot is your pace.<\/p><p class=\"pf-chain__k\">Set the model<\/p><label class=\"pf-chain__param\"><span class=\"pf-chain__param-k\">Pathway<\/span><select data-chain-param=\"pathway\"><option value=\"heritage-learner\" selected>Heritage Learner (teen)<\/option><option value=\"kurdish-teacher\">Kurdish Teacher<\/option><option value=\"community-organiser\">Community Organiser<\/option><option value=\"newcomer-professional\">Newcomer Professional<\/option><\/select><\/label><label class=\"pf-chain__param\"><span class=\"pf-chain__param-k\">Study time per week<\/span><output data-chain-show=\"pace\">4 h<\/output><input type=\"range\" data-chain-param=\"pace\" min=\"1\" max=\"15\" step=\"1\" value=\"4\" data-unit=\"h\"><\/label><p class=\"pf-chain__k\">Results<\/p><dl class=\"pf-chain__results\"><div><dt>Weeks to finish<\/dt><dd dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"weeks\">25 weeks<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Estimated study hours<\/dt><dd dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"hours\">100 h<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Courses without an outline<\/dt><dd dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"open\">All outlined<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Learning credits (proposal, D12)<\/dt><dd dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"credits\">100<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Course achievements<\/dt><dd dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"badges\">5<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Learner level reached<\/dt><dd dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"level\">Practitioner<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-chain__pane\" data-chain-pane=\"step\" hidden><ol class=\"pf-chain__steps\"><li data-chain-node=\"0\"><p class=\"pf-chain__step-k\">01 \u00b7 Study<\/p><h4>Course hours<\/h4><p>The estimated hours of the pathway&#8217;s outlined courses. Courses without an outline are not counted.<\/p><\/li><li data-chain-node=\"1\"><p class=\"pf-chain__step-k\">02 \u00b7 Study<\/p><h4>Weekly pace<\/h4><p>The hours you can give each week.<\/p><\/li><li data-chain-node=\"2\"><p class=\"pf-chain__step-k\">03 \u00b7 Study<\/p><h4>Weeks to finish<\/h4><p>Hours divided by pace, rounded up. A minimum while some courses have no outline.<\/p><\/li><li data-chain-node=\"3\"><p class=\"pf-chain__step-k\">04 \u00b7 Recognition<\/p><h4>Course achievements<\/h4><p>Completing each course in Tutor LMS earns its achievement.<\/p><\/li><li data-chain-node=\"4\"><p class=\"pf-chain__step-k\">05 \u00b7 Recognition<\/p><h4>Capstone<\/h4><p>A screened reviewer accepts the pathway capstone.<\/p><\/li><li data-chain-node=\"5\"><p class=\"pf-chain__step-k\">06 \u00b7 Recognition<\/p><h4>Pathway completion record<\/h4><p>Every course achievement and the accepted capstone lead to the completion record.<\/p><\/li><li data-chain-node=\"6\"><p class=\"pf-chain__step-k\">07 \u00b7 Recognition<\/p><h4>Learner level<\/h4><p>One pathway completion record reaches this learner level.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-chain__pane\" data-chain-pane=\"rules\" hidden><ul class=\"pf-chain__rules\"><li>Hours are the outlines&#8217; estimates, not a promise.<\/li><li>Courses without an outline are not counted, so weeks and credits are then a minimum.<\/li><li>Learning credits have no money value and cannot be bought, sold or transferred. They are a proposal until decision D12.<\/li><li>A pathway completion record needs every course achievement and a capstone accepted by a screened reviewer.<\/li><li>Nobody&#8217;s progress is shown here. Your own is on each course page, to you only.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/aside>\n<dl class=\"pf-chain__strip\"><div><dt>Estimated study hours<\/dt><dd dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"hours\">100 h<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Weeks to finish<\/dt><dd dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"weeks\">25 weeks<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Learning credits (proposal, D12)<\/dt><dd dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"credits\">100<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Learner level reached<\/dt><dd dir=\"auto\" data-chain-out=\"level\">Practitioner<\/dd><\/div><\/dl>\n<p class=\"pf-chain__src\">Curriculum (estimated hours) and the recognition framework (proposal, decision D12).<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">07<\/span>How a course opens<\/h2>\n  \n  <section class=\"pf-scn\" data-pf-scn=\"course\" aria-label=\"From course plan to open course\">\n<header class=\"pf-scn__head\"><div><p class=\"pf-scn__eb\">Process<\/p><h3 class=\"pf-scn__title\">From course plan to open course<\/h3><p class=\"pf-scn__lede\">How a course moves from the curriculum plan to learners, and how its completion is recorded.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"pf-scn__status\" aria-live=\"polite\"><span class=\"pf-scn__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span data-scn-status>9 steps<\/span><\/p><\/header>\n<div class=\"pf-scn__bar\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-scn__btn\" data-scn-act=\"play\">Run<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-scn__btn\" data-scn-act=\"prev\" aria-label=\"Previous step\">\u2039<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-scn__btn\" data-scn-act=\"next\" aria-label=\"Next step\">\u203a<\/button><input class=\"pf-scn__scrub\" type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"9\" value=\"0\" step=\"1\" aria-label=\"Step\"><span class=\"pf-scn__count\" data-scn-count>0 \/ 9<\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-scn__btn\" data-scn-act=\"reset\" aria-label=\"Reset\">Reset<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-scn__body\"><div class=\"pf-scn__stage\"><svg class=\"pf-scn__svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 988 738\" width=\"988\" height=\"738\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"From course plan to open course: 9 steps\"><g class=\"pf-scn__lane\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__lane-bg\" x=\"20\" y=\"8\" width=\"180\" height=\"722\" rx=\"6\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-scn__lane-t\" x=\"32\" y=\"30\">Course lead<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__lane\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__lane-bg\" x=\"212\" y=\"8\" width=\"180\" height=\"722\" rx=\"6\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-scn__lane-t\" x=\"224\" y=\"30\">Responsible Community of practice<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__lane\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__lane-bg\" x=\"404\" y=\"8\" width=\"180\" height=\"722\" rx=\"6\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-scn__lane-t\" x=\"416\" y=\"30\">Owner<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__lane\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__lane-bg\" x=\"596\" y=\"8\" width=\"180\" height=\"722\" rx=\"6\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-scn__lane-t\" x=\"608\" y=\"30\">Tutor and GamiPress<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__lane\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__lane-bg\" x=\"788\" y=\"8\" width=\"180\" height=\"722\" rx=\"6\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-scn__lane-t\" x=\"800\" y=\"30\">Learner<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"1\"><path d=\"M110 106 L110 122\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"2\"><path d=\"M198 151 C398 151 398 225 598 225\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"3\"><path d=\"M598 225 C398 225 398 299 198 299\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"4\"><path d=\"M198 299 C206 299 206 373 214 373\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge pf-scn__edge--return\" data-scn-to=\"3\"><path d=\"M390 373 C408 373 408 299 198 299\"><\/path><text x=\"412\" y=\"336\">changes<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"5\"><path d=\"M390 373 C398 373 398 447 406 447\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"6\"><path d=\"M582 447 C686 447 686 521 790 521\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"7\"><path d=\"M790 521 C782 521 782 595 774 595\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"8\"><path d=\"M686 624 L686 640\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--start\" data-scn-step=\"0\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"22\" y=\"48\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(42 70)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"58\" y=\"68\">01 \u00b7 Start<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"58\" y=\"88\">Course planned<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--step\" data-scn-step=\"1\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"22\" y=\"122\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(42 144)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"58\" y=\"142\">02 \u00b7 Step<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"58\" y=\"162\">Outline drafted<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--record\" data-scn-step=\"2\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"598\" y=\"196\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(618 218)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"634\" y=\"216\">03 \u00b7 Record<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"634\" y=\"236\">Draft course in Tutor<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--step\" data-scn-step=\"3\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"22\" y=\"270\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(42 292)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"58\" y=\"290\">04 \u00b7 Step<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"58\" y=\"310\">Lessons written<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--gate\" data-scn-step=\"4\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"214\" y=\"344\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(234 366)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"250\" y=\"364\">05 \u00b7 Gate<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"250\" y=\"384\">Scholarly review<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--gate\" data-scn-step=\"5\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"406\" y=\"418\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(426 440)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"442\" y=\"438\">06 \u00b7 Gate<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"442\" y=\"458\">Published<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--step\" data-scn-step=\"6\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"790\" y=\"492\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(810 514)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"826\" y=\"512\">07 \u00b7 Step<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"826\" y=\"532\">Learner studies<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--record\" data-scn-step=\"7\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"598\" y=\"566\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(618 588)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"634\" y=\"586\">08 \u00b7 Record<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"634\" y=\"606\">Course achievement and credits<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--end\" data-scn-step=\"8\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"598\" y=\"640\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(618 662)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"634\" y=\"660\">09 \u00b7 Outcome<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"634\" y=\"680\">Pathway completion record<\/text><\/g><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"pf-scn__side\"><p class=\"pf-scn__side-h\">Run log<\/p><ol class=\"pf-scn__steps\"><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"0\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">01 \u00b7 Course lead<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Course planned<\/h4><p>The course is listed in the curriculum with its school, levels and wave.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Record<\/dt><dd>Status: Planned<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"1\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">02 \u00b7 Course lead<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Outline drafted<\/h4><p>Outcomes, modules and assessment are written; hours are estimates.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Record<\/dt><dd>Status: Outline drafted<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"2\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">03 \u00b7 Tutor and GamiPress<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Draft course in Tutor<\/h4><p>The Site Kit imports the course, its topics and lessons as drafts.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Rule<\/dt><dd>Drafts only. An edited or published course is left alone. Nothing is deleted.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"3\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">04 \u00b7 Course lead<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Lessons written<\/h4><p>The course lead writes each lesson into the lesson template.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Record<\/dt><dd>Status: Being written<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"4\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">05 \u00b7 Responsible <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"community-of-practice\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-community-of-practice\"><abbr title=\"A group of practitioners of one field who work together on courses, standards and toolkits; the charter calls it a Standards area.\">Community of practice<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-community-of-practice\">A group of practitioners of one field who work together on courses, standards and toolkits; the charter calls it a Standards area.<\/span><\/span><\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Scholarly review<\/h4><p>The responsible Community of practice reviews the course before teaching starts.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Record<\/dt><dd>Status: In review<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"5\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">06 \u00b7 Owner<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Published<\/h4><p>The owner approves the rendered pages and publishes the course.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Rule<\/dt><dd>Only the owner publishes.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"6\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">07 \u00b7 Learner<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Learner studies<\/h4><p>The learner enrols, completes lessons and takes the assessment.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Rule<\/dt><dd>Progress is shown to the learner only.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"7\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">08 \u00b7 Tutor and GamiPress<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Course achievement and credits<\/h4><p>Completing the course in Tutor earns its achievement and one learning credit per estimated hour.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Rule<\/dt><dd>Credits have no money value. A proposal until decision D12.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"8\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">09 \u00b7 Tutor and GamiPress<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Pathway completion record<\/h4><p>Every course achievement of a pathway and the accepted capstone lead to its completion record.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Rule<\/dt><dd>Not a certificate or a qualification.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n<p class=\"pf-scn__src\">Statuses from the curriculum; credits and achievements from the recognition framework (decision D12).<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section><section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">08<\/span>What this platform does<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">The Academy in every Kurdish variety, and the public bodies for school and study in each country.<\/p>\n  <ul class=\"pf-svc\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-svc__item\"><p class=\"pf-svc__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/p><h3 class=\"pf-svc__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/catalogue\/\">Catalogue<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-svc__text\">Each planned course and where it stands.<\/p><p class=\"pf-svc__how\">How to use it<\/p><ol class=\"pf-svc__steps\"><li>Filter by faculty, level or status.<\/li><li>Open a course and read its outline.<\/li><li>Register interest to hear when it opens.<\/li><\/ol><\/li><li class=\"pf-svc__item\"><p class=\"pf-svc__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/p><h3 class=\"pf-svc__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/\">Disciplines<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-svc__text\">Every field of the Academy, from Kurmanji and Sorani to public health.<\/p><p class=\"pf-svc__how\">How to use it<\/p><ol class=\"pf-svc__steps\"><li>Browse the faculties.<\/li><li>Open a discipline and its courses.<\/li><li>See the platforms it serves.<\/li><\/ol><\/li><li class=\"pf-svc__item\"><p class=\"pf-svc__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/p><h3 class=\"pf-svc__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/pathways\/\">Pathways<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-svc__text\">Courses in order for one purpose, ending in a capstone.<\/p><p class=\"pf-svc__how\">How to use it<\/p><ol class=\"pf-svc__steps\"><li>Pick a pathway.<\/li><li>Take its courses in order.<\/li><li>Finish with the capstone.<\/li><\/ol><\/li><li class=\"pf-svc__item\"><p class=\"pf-svc__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/p><h3 class=\"pf-svc__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/\">Study where you live<\/a><\/h3><p class=\"pf-svc__text\">Education authorities, study portals and scholarships, country by country.<\/p><p class=\"pf-svc__how\">How to use it<\/p><ol class=\"pf-svc__steps\"><li>Choose a country in the directory.<\/li><li>Open the education authority first.<\/li><li>Read scholarship rules on the official page.<\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">09<\/span>Find your country<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Public bodies for education in each country: education authorities, study portals, scholarships and national libraries.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"pf-split pf-pfhome__find\"><div class=\"pf-mod pf-combo\" id=\"pf-combo-learn\" data-pf-mod=\"combobox\" data-none=\"No country matches.\" data-n=\"{n} matches\">\n<label class=\"pf-combo__label\" for=\"pf-combo-learn-q\">Find your country<\/label>\n<div class=\"pf-combo__box\" hidden><input class=\"pf-combo__q\" id=\"pf-combo-learn-q\" type=\"text\" role=\"combobox\" aria-autocomplete=\"list\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"pf-combo-learn-lb\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><ul class=\"pf-combo__lb\" id=\"pf-combo-learn-lb\" role=\"listbox\" aria-label=\"Find your country\" hidden><\/ul><\/div>\n<p class=\"pf-sr\" aria-live=\"polite\" data-combo-status><\/p>\n<details class=\"pf-combo__all\"><summary>Country programmes (35)<\/summary><ul class=\"pf-combo__list\" role=\"list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/armenia\/\">Armenia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/australia\/\">Australia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/austria\/\">Austria<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/azerbaijan\/\">Azerbaijan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/belgium\/\">Belgium<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/canada\/\">Canada<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/cyprus\/\">Cyprus<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/denmark\/\">Denmark<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/egypt\/\">Egypt<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/finland\/\">Finland<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/france\/\">France<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/georgia\/\">Georgia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/germany\/\">Germany<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/greece\/\">Greece<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/iran\/\">Iran<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/iraq\/\">Iraq<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/israel\/\">Israel<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/italy\/\">Italy<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/japan\/\">Japan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/jordan\/\">Jordan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/kazakhstan\/\">Kazakhstan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/kyrgyzstan\/\">Kyrgyzstan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/lebanon\/\">Lebanon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/netherlands\/\">Netherlands<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/new-zealand\/\">New Zealand<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/norway\/\">Norway<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/russia\/\">Russia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/sweden\/\">Sweden<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/switzerland\/\">Switzerland<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/syria\/\">Syria<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/turkiye\/\">T\u00fcrkiye<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/turkmenistan\/\">Turkmenistan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/united-arab-emirates\/\">United Arab Emirates<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/united-kingdom\/\">United Kingdom<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/united-states\/\">United States<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/details>\n<\/div><div class=\"pf-mod pf-glance\" data-pf-mod=\"glance\"><p class=\"pf-glance__h\">The directory<\/p><ul class=\"pf-glance__items\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-glance__item\"><a class=\"pf-glance__in\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/\"><span class=\"pf-glance__i\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><line x1=\"3\" x2=\"21\" y1=\"22\" y2=\"22\" \/> <line x1=\"6\" x2=\"6\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"11\" \/> <line x1=\"10\" x2=\"10\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"11\" \/> <line x1=\"14\" x2=\"14\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"11\" \/> <line x1=\"18\" x2=\"18\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"11\" \/> <polygon points=\"12 2 20 7 4 7\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__v\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-pf-count=\"152\">152<\/span><span class=\"pf-sr\">152<\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__l\">Official bodies<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"pf-glance__item\"><div class=\"pf-glance__in\"><span class=\"pf-glance__i\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M3.85 8.62a4 4 0 0 1 4.78-4.77 4 4 0 0 1 6.74 0 4 4 0 0 1 4.78 4.78 4 4 0 0 1 0 6.74 4 4 0 0 1-4.77 4.78 4 4 0 0 1-6.75 0 4 4 0 0 1-4.78-4.77 4 4 0 0 1 0-6.76Z\" \/> <path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__v\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-pf-count=\"117\">117<\/span><span class=\"pf-sr\">117<\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__l\"><span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"verified\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-verified\"><abbr title=\"A label: the item matches its primary record, such as the official table or the Crossref entry.\">Verified<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-verified\">A label: the item matches its primary record, such as the official table or the Crossref entry.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/li><li class=\"pf-glance__item\"><div class=\"pf-glance__in\"><span class=\"pf-glance__i\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/> <path d=\"M12 2a14.5 14.5 0 0 0 0 20 14.5 14.5 0 0 0 0-20\" \/> <path d=\"M2 12h20\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__v\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-pf-count=\"35\">35<\/span><span class=\"pf-sr\">35<\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__l\">Countries<\/span><\/div><\/li><li class=\"pf-glance__item\"><a class=\"pf-glance__in\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/international\/\"><span class=\"pf-glance__i\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M6 22V4a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v18Z\" \/> <path d=\"M6 12H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v6a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2\" \/> <path d=\"M18 9h2a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v9a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-2\" \/> <path d=\"M10 6h4\" \/> <path d=\"M10 10h4\" \/> <path d=\"M10 14h4\" \/> <path d=\"M10 18h4\" \/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__v\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-pf-count=\"4\">4<\/span><span class=\"pf-sr\">4<\/span><\/span><span class=\"pf-glance__l\">International bodies<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><p class=\"pf-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/\">Every country<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">10<\/span>Where to start<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">The steps most people need, in order. Each country page fills them with that country&#8217;s official bodies.<\/p>\n  <ol class=\"pf-guide\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-guide__step\"><span class=\"pf-guide__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">1<\/span><div class=\"pf-guide__body\"><h3 class=\"pf-guide__title\">Enrol a child in school<\/h3><p class=\"pf-guide__text\">The education authority explains how schools work.<\/p><p class=\"pf-guide__topics\">Education authority \u00b7 Schools and education<\/p><p class=\"pf-guide__learn\"><span>Learn<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/education-science\/\">Education science and pedagogy<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/li><li class=\"pf-guide__step\"><span class=\"pf-guide__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">2<\/span><div class=\"pf-guide__body\"><h3 class=\"pf-guide__title\">Keep Kurdish at home<\/h3><p class=\"pf-guide__text\">Mother-tongue classes help children read and write Kurdish.<\/p><p class=\"pf-guide__topics\">Mother-tongue and heritage languages<\/p><p class=\"pf-guide__learn\"><span>Learn<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/heritage-language-education\/\">Heritage language education<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/kurmanji\/\">Kurmanji<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/sorani\/\">Sorani<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/li><li class=\"pf-guide__step\"><span class=\"pf-guide__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">3<\/span><div class=\"pf-guide__body\"><h3 class=\"pf-guide__title\">Learn the country\u2019s language<\/h3><p class=\"pf-guide__text\">Official language courses are listed for each country.<\/p><p class=\"pf-guide__topics\">Language learning<\/p><p class=\"pf-guide__learn\"><span>Learn<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/disciplines\/applied-linguistics\/\">Applied linguistics and language learning<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/li><li class=\"pf-guide__step\"><span class=\"pf-guide__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">4<\/span><div class=\"pf-guide__body\"><h3 class=\"pf-guide__title\">Apply to study<\/h3><p class=\"pf-guide__text\">Study portals explain how international and returning students apply.<\/p><p class=\"pf-guide__topics\">Study in the country<\/p><\/div><\/li><li class=\"pf-guide__step\"><span class=\"pf-guide__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">5<\/span><div class=\"pf-guide__body\"><h3 class=\"pf-guide__title\">Find funding<\/h3><p class=\"pf-guide__text\">Scholarships and student finance follow published rules.<\/p><p class=\"pf-guide__topics\">Scholarships and student finance<\/p><\/div><\/li><li class=\"pf-guide__step\"><span class=\"pf-guide__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">6<\/span><div class=\"pf-guide__body\"><h3 class=\"pf-guide__title\">Have earlier study recognised<\/h3><p class=\"pf-guide__text\">Recognition bodies assess studies and qualifications earned abroad.<\/p><p class=\"pf-guide__topics\">Recognition of qualifications<\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ol>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">11<\/span>Official updates<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">From official sources only, never commentary. Each source shows items once it clears licence review.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"pf-pfslots\"><div class=\"pf-pfslots__item\"><h3 class=\"pf-h3\">Education and scholarships<\/h3><div class=\"pf-feed\" data-pf-feed=\"\" data-pf-feed-scope=\"\" data-pf-feed-topic=\"education\" data-pf-feed-state=\"forming\" data-pf-feed-limit=\"5\" data-pf-feed-none=\"No current items.\"><p class=\"pf-feed__note\"><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\"><span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"forming\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-forming\"><abbr title=\"Being set up: nobody is listed as a member and nothing runs yet.\">Forming<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-forming\">Being set up: nobody is listed as a member and nothing runs yet.<\/span><\/span><\/span> No official source is registered for this place yet.<\/p><\/div><!--\/pf-feed--><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">12<\/span>Take part<\/h2>\n  \n  <ul class=\"pf-features\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-feature pf-feature--lead pf-feature--span3\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">01<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\">Register interest<\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Hear when a course opens in your variety.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">02<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\">Write or review<\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Offer your field as a course author or expert reviewer.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">03<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\">Share material<\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Share an openly licensed learning resource. A <span class=\"pf-term\" data-pf-term=\"steward\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-term__btn\" aria-describedby=\"pf-term-steward\"><abbr title=\"A contributor who keeps a field's map of courses, sources and contributors current; it is a role, not a title.\">steward<\/abbr><\/button><span class=\"pf-term__tip\" role=\"tooltip\" id=\"pf-term-steward\">A contributor who keeps a field&#8217;s map of courses, sources and contributors current; it is a role, not a title.<\/span><\/span> checks it first.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-feature\"><span class=\"pf-feature__n\">04<\/span><h3 class=\"pf-feature__title\">Fix an entry<\/h3><p class=\"pf-feature__text\">Report a broken link or a missing public body.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p class=\"pf-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/take-part\/\">How to take part<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/directory\/sources\/\">Sources and method<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section><details class=\"pf-cite\" id=\"cite\"><summary>Cite this page<\/summary><div class=\"pf-cite__body\"><dl class=\"pf-cite__list\">\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">APA<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-apa\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). <i>Academy<\/i>. kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-apa\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copy<\/span><span hidden>Copied<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">Chicago<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-chicago\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. \u201cAcademy.\u201d kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-chicago\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copy<\/span><span hidden>Copied<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">BibTeX<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" translate=\"no\">@misc{kco2026_learn_home,\n\tauthor = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}},\n\tyear = {2026},\n\tnote = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},\n\ttitle = {Academy},\n\turl = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/},\n\thowpublished = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/},\n}\n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copy<\/span><span hidden>Copied<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_learn_home.bib\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_learn_home.bib\" download=\"kco2026_learn_home.bib\">Download <span translate=\"no\">.bib<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">RIS<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-ris\" translate=\"no\">TY  - ELEC\nAU  - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization\nDA  - 2026\/\/\/\nPY  - 2026\nID  - kco2026_learn_home\nN1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0\nTI  - Academy\nUR  - https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/\nER  - \n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-ris\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copy<\/span><span hidden>Copied<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_learn_home.ris\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_learn_home.ris\" download=\"kco2026_learn_home.ris\">Download <span translate=\"no\">.ris<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<\/dl><p class=\"pf-cite__meta\">Licence <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" translate=\"no\" rel=\"license\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><section class=\"pf-section\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">13<\/span>Research and sources<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Recent and relevant work on this page&#8217;s subject, from approved open scholarly sources. Metadata and links only. Titles stay as published. Not yet reviewed.<\/p>\n  <ol class=\"pf-srchub\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6084\/m9.figshare.24877254.v1\" rel=\"noopener\">Attitudes of Kurdish university students towards the English language, English language education policies, and English language learning purposes<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Sarkawt Muhammad Qadir, Rukhsar Omar Omar \u00b7 2023 \u00b7 figshare<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open access<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789004726239_004\" rel=\"noopener\">Struggling against Language Shift: Kurdish Language Education in Turkey<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Anu Leinonen \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 Kurdish Studies Archive<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Chapter<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17447143.2024.2359662\" rel=\"noopener\">Discourses on language teaching, language learning and linguistic diversity in teacher education: the case of English in Iraqi Kurdistan<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Louay Salman Haji, Annika Norlund Shaswar, \u00c5sa Wedin \u00b7 2023 \u00b7 Journal of Multicultural Discourses<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26750\/vol(9).no(5).paper23\" rel=\"noopener\">Identity and Language of Education in the Kurdistan Region<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Azad Aziz Sleman \u00b7 2022 \u00b7 Journal of University of Raparin<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21600\/ijoks.1663875\" rel=\"noopener\">Contextual Approach to Kurdish Language Teaching in the Caucasus<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Resul Geyik \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 International Journal of Kurdish Studies<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1909.11467\" rel=\"noopener\">Developing a Fine-Grained Corpus for a Less-resourced Language: the case of Kurdish<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Roshna Omer Abdulrahman, Hossein Hassani, Sina Ahmadi \u00b7 2019 \u00b7 arXiv<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Preprint<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">arXiv<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26750\/vol(9).no(2).paper17\" rel=\"noopener\">The Attempts of Kurdish Parliamentarians in Iraqi Government to Achieve Education and Literacy in Native Language During(1925-1933)<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Mariwan mahmood Muhammed, Ahmad Muhammed-Ameen Qqdir \u00b7 2022 \u00b7 Journal of University of Raparin<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36586\/jcl.2.2022.0.46.0338\" rel=\"noopener\">The Multifunctional Morphemes in Kurdish Language the Morpheme Le as an example<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">University of Raparin, Iraq, College of Education, Department of Kurdish Language, Shahab Tayib Taher, Faisal Ghazi Muhammed et al. \u00b7 2022 \u00b7 Journal of the College of languages<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26791\/sarkiat.1734304\" rel=\"noopener\">AN EVALUATION OF ONLINE KURDISH TEACHING PLATFORMS<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">\u015eehmus Kurt \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 \u015earkiyat<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00601097\" rel=\"noopener\">The non-education of Kurds: A Kurdish perspective<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Amir Hassanpour, Tove Skutnabb\u2010Kangas, Michael L. Chyet \u00b7 1996 \u00b7 International Review of Education<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29333\/ejecs\/252\" rel=\"noopener\">Redefining Kurdishness in the U.S. Diaspora: The experiences of Kurdish Students and Their Parents in Nashville Schools<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Demet Arpac\u0131k \u00b7 2019 \u00b7 Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open access<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-NC<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.60644\/7787\" rel=\"noopener\">The implementation of international law on the right to education of ethnic minorities in Turkish legislation : Kurdish language<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Nargiz Mukhtarova \u00b7 2020 \u00b7 Central European University<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Thesis<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DataCite<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"pf-srchub__foot\">Sources, licences and fetch dates: <span translate=\"no\">arXiv (<a href=\"https:\/\/info.arxiv.org\/help\/api\/tou.html\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0; papers under their own licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Crossref (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.crossref.org\/documentation\/retrieve-metadata\/rest-api\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DataCite (<a href=\"https:\/\/support.datacite.org\/docs\/datacite-metadata-schema\" rel=\"noopener\">CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (<a href=\"https:\/\/doaj.org\/terms\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (<a href=\"https:\/\/graph.openaire.eu\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (<a href=\"https:\/\/help.openalex.org\/access\/pricing\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)<\/a>), 2026-10-23.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<aside class=\"pf-closing\" aria-label=\"Build it with us\"><div class=\"pf-closing__text\"><h2 class=\"pf-closing__title\">Build it with us<\/h2><p>Join as a member, or tell us what your city needs. You choose what you share.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"pf-actions\"><a class=\"pf-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/join\/\" data-pf-auth=\"guest\">Join<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/members\/me\/\" data-pf-auth=\"member\">Your profile<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/contact\/\">Contact<\/a><\/p><\/aside><\/div><footer class=\"pf-netfoot pf-nf\" aria-label=\"Network\">\n  <div class=\"pf-netfoot__id\"><a class=\"pf-netfoot__brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-4.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"9\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-5.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"11\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-4.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"9\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"2.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"3.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"2.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-1.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"0.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"1.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m2\"\/><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-0.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m0\"\/><\/g><\/svg><span>KCO<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-netfoot__name\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-netfoot__col\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">KCO<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/\">Home<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/the-community\/\">Kurdish communities<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/federation\/\">Federation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/country-programmes\/\">Country programmes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/calendar\/\">Calendar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/search\/\">Search<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-netfoot__col\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">Areas<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/\">Academy<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/\">Heritage<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/\">Language<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/\">Research<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/opportunities\/\">Opportunities<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/civic\/\">Civic<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/development\/\">Development<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/\">News and events<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/areas\/\">Areas of work<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-netfoot__col pf-netfoot__col--countries\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">Country programmes<\/h2><dl class=\"pf-netfoot__regions\"><div><dt>Africa<\/dt><dd><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/egypt\/\">Egypt<\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Asia-Pacific<\/dt><dd><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/australia\/\">Australia<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/japan\/\">Japan<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/new-zealand\/\">New Zealand<\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Caucasus<\/dt><dd><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/armenia\/\">Armenia<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/azerbaijan\/\">Azerbaijan<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/georgia\/\">Georgia<\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Central Asia<\/dt><dd><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kazakhstan\/\">Kazakhstan<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kyrgyzstan\/\">Kyrgyzstan<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkmenistan\/\">Turkmenistan<\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Europe<\/dt><dd><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/austria\/\">Austria<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/belgium\/\">Belgium<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/cyprus\/\">Cyprus<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/denmark\/\">Denmark<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/finland\/\">Finland<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/france\/\">France<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/\">Germany<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/greece\/\">Greece<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/italy\/\">Italy<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/netherlands\/\">Netherlands<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/norway\/\">Norway<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/sweden\/\">Sweden<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/switzerland\/\">Switzerland<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-kingdom\/\">United Kingdom<\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Europe and Central Asia<\/dt><dd><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/russia\/\">Russia<\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Middle East<\/dt><dd><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/\">Iran<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/\">Iraq<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/israel\/\">Israel<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/jordan\/\">Jordan<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/lebanon\/\">Lebanon<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/\">Syria<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/\">T\u00fcrkiye<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-arab-emirates\/\">United Arab Emirates<\/a><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>North America<\/dt><dd><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/\">Canada<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/\">United States<\/a><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><div class=\"pf-netfoot__col\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">Take part<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/membership\/\">Membership<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/join\/\">Join<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/get-involved\/\">Get involved<\/a><\/li><li data-pf-auth=\"guest\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/login\/?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fkurds.global%2Fstart%2F\" rel=\"noopener\">Log in<\/a><\/li><li data-pf-auth=\"member\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/start\/\">Start here<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/contact\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Contact<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"pf-netfoot__col\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">Legal and safety<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/protected-participation\/\">Protected participation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/guide\/charter-of-the-kurdish-cooperation-organization-kco\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Charter<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\">About this network: what we are and are not<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/corrections\/\">Corrections<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/verification\/\">Verification<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-netfoot__langs\"><h2 class=\"pf-netfoot__h\">Languages<\/h2><ul class=\"pf-nf__langs\" data-pf-langs=\"\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/\" hreflang=\"en\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" aria-current=\"true\">English<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/kmr\/\" hreflang=\"kmr\" lang=\"kmr\" dir=\"ltr\">Kurmanc\u00ee<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/ckb\/\" hreflang=\"ckb\" lang=\"ckb\" dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/ar\/\" hreflang=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fa\/\" hreflang=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/tr\/\" hreflang=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\" dir=\"ltr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/az\/\" hreflang=\"az\" lang=\"az\" dir=\"ltr\">Az\u0259rbaycanca<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/de\/\" hreflang=\"de\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\">Deutsch<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/es\/\" hreflang=\"es\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">Espa\u00f1ol<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/fr\/\" hreflang=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/hi\/\" hreflang=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/id\/\" hreflang=\"id\" lang=\"id\" dir=\"ltr\">Bahasa Indonesia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/it\/\" hreflang=\"it\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">Italiano<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/ja\/\" hreflang=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/ko\/\" hreflang=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\" dir=\"ltr\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/pt\/\" hreflang=\"pt\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\">Portugu\u00eas<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/ru\/\" hreflang=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/zh\/\" hreflang=\"zh\" lang=\"zh\" dir=\"ltr\">\u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <p class=\"pf-netfoot__legal\"><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization (KCO)<\/span> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/guide\/charter-of-the-kurdish-cooperation-organization-kco\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Charter version<\/a> <span class=\"pf-nf__ver\" dir=\"ltr\">1.0.0.1<\/span><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-netfoot__pos\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization is a non-partisan, non-violent federation of Kurdish communities in the homeland, region and diaspora. It is not a university and claims no public authority. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\">About this network: what we are and are not<\/a><\/p>\n<\/footer>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KCOkurds.global KCOAcademy Network Areas 01Academy Every field of knowledge, courses in all Kurdish varieties, and communities of practice. 02Heritage History from the Zagros to today, memory, faiths, arts, literature and &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Academy&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_buddyx_sub_header_visibility":"","_buddyx_sub_header_title_visibility":"","_hide_show_side_panel":"","_buddyxpro_page_sidebar":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_header":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_footer":"","_buddyxpro_page_content_width":"","_buddyxpro_page_header_style":"","_buddyxpro_page_color_mode":"","_buddyxpro_page_loader":"","_nx_seo_description":"","_nx_seo_title":"","_nx_seo_image":"","_nx_seo_jsonld":"","_nx_i18n_locale":"","_nx_i18n_group":"","footnotes":"","_nx_seo_image_alt":"","_nx_seo_canonical":"","_nx_seo_robots":"","_nx_seo_schema_type":""},"class_list":["post-35","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}