{"id":128,"date":"2026-11-01T18:18:48","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:18:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/es\/maps\/"},"modified":"2026-11-01T18:18:48","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T18:18:48","slug":"maps","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/es\/maps\/","title":{"rendered":"Maps and layers"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"pf\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\" data-site=\"\/research\/\" data-net=\"kco\" data-kit=\"d46\" data-kind=\"page\">\n<div class=\"pf-top pf-nv\" data-pf-nav=\"\" data-pf-more=\"M\u00e1s\">\n<a class=\"pf-brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" 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focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"m9 18 6-6-6-6\" \/><\/svg><span>Investigaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n<nav class=\"pf-nv__menu\" id=\"pf-nv-menu\" aria-label=\"Red\"><ul class=\"pf-nv__bar\"><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"network\" data-pf-lazy=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-network\" data-tip=\"Red\"><span>Red<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"3\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"14\" y=\"3\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"14\" y=\"14\" rx=\"1\" \/> <rect width=\"7\" height=\"7\" x=\"3\" y=\"14\" rx=\"1\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-network\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--network\">\n<div class=\"pf-nv__primary\"><p class=\"pf-nv__h\">\u00c1reas<\/p><ol class=\"pf-nv__svcs\"><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"learn\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/es\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">01<\/span><span>Academia<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Todos los campos del saber, cursos en todas las variedades del kurdo y comunidades de pr\u00e1ctica.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"heritage\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/heritage\/es\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">02<\/span><span>Patrimonio<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">La historia desde los Zagros hasta hoy, la memoria, las religiones, las artes, la literatura y la gastronom\u00eda.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"language\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/language\/es\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">03<\/span><span>Lengua<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Kurmanji, sorani, zazaki, kurdo meridional y gorani, en todas sus escrituras.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"research\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/es\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">04<\/span><span>Investigaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Estudios kurdos: el observatorio, listas de lectura e investigaci\u00f3n nueva.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"opportunities\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/opportunities\/es\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">05<\/span><span>Oportunidades<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Medios de vida, competencias, empleo, mentor\u00eda y puentes entre la di\u00e1spora y la regi\u00f3n.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"civic\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/civic\/es\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">06<\/span><span>Vida c\u00edvica<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Educaci\u00f3n c\u00edvica, conocimiento de los derechos, ayuda a personas ap\u00e1tridas y di\u00e1logo.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"development\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/development\/es\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">07<\/span><span>Desarrollo<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Programas sociales, medios de vida y preparaci\u00f3n ante desastres para las comunidades kurdas.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__svc\" data-area=\"news\"><a class=\"pf-nv__svc-t\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/es\/\"><span class=\"pf-nv__n\" aria-hidden=\"true\">08<\/span><span>Noticias y eventos<\/span><\/a><p class=\"pf-nv__text\">Noticias kurdas y regionales con cada medio etiquetado, y el calendario de d\u00edas kurdos.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-nv__aside\"><p class=\"pf-nv__h\">KCO<\/p><ul class=\"pf-nv__links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/\">Inicio<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/country-programmes\/\">Programas nacionales<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/areas\/\">\u00c1reas de trabajo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/calendar\/\">Calendario<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/the-community\/\">Comunidades kurdas<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/details><\/li><li class=\"pf-nv__item\"><details class=\"pf-nv__d\" data-pf-mega=\"countries\" data-pf-lazy=\"\"><summary class=\"pf-nv__sum\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-countries\" data-tip=\"Programas nacionales\"><span>Programas nacionales<\/span><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.54 15H17a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v4.54\" \/> <path d=\"M7 3.34V5a3 3 0 0 0 3 3a2 2 0 0 1 2 2c0 1.1.9 2 2 2a2 2 0 0 0 2-2c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h3.17\" \/> <path d=\"M11 21.95V18a2 2 0 0 0-2-2a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-1a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2.05\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"pf-nv__panel\" id=\"pf-nv-countries\"><div class=\"pf-nv__in pf-nv__in--countries\">\n<p class=\"pf-nv__h\">Programas nacionales<\/p><div hidden><\/div><p 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7.5-7.66 8.95a1 1 0 0 1-.67-.01C7.5 20.5 4 18 4 13V6a1 1 0 0 1 1-1c2 0 4.5-1.2 6.24-2.72a1.17 1.17 0 0 1 1.52 0C14.51 3.81 17 5 19 5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1z\" \/> <path d=\"m9 12 2 2 4-4\" \/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n<nav class=\"pf-tabbar\" aria-label=\"\u00c1reas\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M15 21v-8a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v8\" \/> <path d=\"M3 10a2 2 0 0 1 .709-1.528l7-5.999a2 2 0 0 1 2.582 0l7 5.999A2 2 0 0 1 21 10v9a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z\" \/><\/svg><span>Inicio<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/learn\/es\/\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.42 10.922a1 1 0 0 0-.019-1.838L12.83 5.18a2 2 0 0 0-1.66 0L2.6 9.08a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.832l8.57 3.908a2 2 0 0 0 1.66 0z\" \/> <path d=\"M22 10v6\" \/> <path d=\"M6 12.5V16a6 3 0 0 0 12 0v-3.5\" \/><\/svg><span>Academia<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/country-programmes\/\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M21.54 15H17a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v4.54\" \/> <path d=\"M7 3.34V5a3 3 0 0 0 3 3a2 2 0 0 1 2 2c0 1.1.9 2 2 2a2 2 0 0 0 2-2c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h3.17\" \/> <path d=\"M11 21.95V18a2 2 0 0 0-2-2a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-1a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2.05\" \/> <circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\" \/><\/svg><span>Programas nacionales<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/calendar\/\"><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M8 2v4\" \/> <path d=\"M16 2v4\" \/> <rect width=\"18\" height=\"18\" x=\"3\" y=\"4\" rx=\"2\" \/> <path d=\"M3 10h18\" \/> <path d=\"M8 14h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M12 14h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M16 14h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M8 18h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M12 18h.01\" \/> <path d=\"M16 18h.01\" \/><\/svg><span>Calendario<\/span><\/a><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-tabbar__menu\" data-pf-tabmenu=\"\" aria-controls=\"pf-nv-menu\" hidden><svg class=\"pf-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"12\" y2=\"12\" \/> <line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"6\" y2=\"6\" \/> <line x1=\"4\" x2=\"20\" y1=\"18\" y2=\"18\" \/><\/svg><span>Men\u00fa<\/span><\/button><\/nav><div class=\"pf-canvas\"><aside class=\"pf-note pf-note--info\" role=\"note\"><p>Esta p\u00e1gina es una traducci\u00f3n. Est\u00e1 siendo revisada por hablantes nativos. La p\u00e1gina en ingl\u00e9s es la referencia.<\/p><\/aside><nav class=\"pf-crumbs\" aria-label=\"Ruta de navegaci\u00f3n\"><ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/\">KCO<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/es\/\">Investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/li><li aria-current=\"page\">Mapas y capas<\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<header class=\"pf-hero\">\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__art\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"pf-rule-art pf-rule-art--wave\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 48\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M0,47L0,32.6L20,28.3L40,24.2L60,20.2L80,16.6L100,13.6L120,11.4L140,10L160,9.5L180,9.9L200,11.2L220,13.3L240,16.1L260,19.4L280,23.1L300,26.9L320,30.8L340,34.5L360,37.9L380,40.9L400,43.4L420,45.5L440,46.9L460,45.7L480,44.8L500,44L520,43.4L540,42.6L560,41.8L580,40.6L600,39.2L620,37.4L640,35.4L660,33.2L680,30.8L700,28.5L720,26.3L740,24.4L760,23.1L780,22.3L800,22.2L820,23L840,24.5L860,26.9L880,30L900,33.7L920,37.9L940,42.3L960,46.9L980,42.6L1000,38.5L1020,34.8L1040,31.7L1060,29.3L1080,27.7L1100,26.8L1120,26.7L1140,27.3L1160,28.4L1180,29.9L1200,31.6\"\/><path d=\"M0,47L0,21L20,21.7L40,23.2L60,25.5L80,28.4L100,31.8L120,35.5L140,39.1L160,42.5L180,45.6L200,45.8L220,43.7L240,42.2L260,41.3L280,40.8L300,40.7L320,40.9L340,41.2L360,41.5L380,41.7L400,41.8L420,41.9L440,41.8L460,41.7L480,41.8L500,42L520,42.7L540,43.7L560,45.3L580,46.7L600,44.1L620,41L640,37.7L660,34.2L680,30.7L700,27.5L720,24.8L740,22.8L760,21.5L780,21.2L800,21.7L820,23.2L840,25.5L860,28.5L880,32L900,35.7L920,39.5L940,43.1L960,46.4L980,44.8L1000,42.6L1020,41L1040,40L1060,39.6L1080,39.5L1100,39.8L1120,40.3L1140,40.9L1160,41.4L1180,41.8L1200,42.1\"\/><path class=\"pf-rule-art__hue\" d=\"M0,47L0,41.2L20,43.7L40,46L60,46L80,44.4L100,43.3L120,42.6L140,42.4L160,42.6L180,42.9L200,43.4L220,43.9L240,44.5L260,44.9L280,45.4L300,45.9L320,46.5L340,46.8L360,45.9L380,44.7L400,43.4L420,41.9L440,40.5L460,39.1L480,38.1L500,37.5L520,37.5L540,38.2L560,39.5L580,41.5L600,44L620,46.9L640,44.1L660,41.1L680,38.5L700,36.4L720,35L740,34.3L760,34.4L780,35.2L800,36.6L820,38.5L840,40.6L860,42.7L880,44.7L900,46.5L920,46.1L940,45L960,44.4L980,44L1000,43.9L1020,44L1040,44.1L1060,44.2L1080,44.3L1100,44.5L1120,44.7L1140,45L1160,45.6L1180,46.4L1200,46.5\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__text\">\n    <p class=\"pf-eyebrow\"><span>Investigaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/p>\n    <h1 class=\"pf-h1\">Mapas y capas<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"pf-lede\">La red en un globo de OpenStreetMap en directo, con capas de datos abiertos de la regi\u00f3n de origen. Cada capa externa procede de una fuente registrada y solo se dibuja cuando el propietario la aprueba.<\/p>\n    \n  <\/div>\n  \n  \n<\/header><div class=\"pf-strip\"><dl class=\"pf-signals\"><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>P\u00e1ginas de ciudades<\/dt><dd>85<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Capas<\/dt><dd>10<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Fuentes aprobadas<\/dt><dd>2<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-signal\"><dt>Pa\u00edses de origen<\/dt><dd>4<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div>\n<details class=\"pf-notice\" id=\"before-you-begin\" data-pf-notice=\"material\"><summary class=\"pf-notice__sum\"><span class=\"pf-notice__k\">Antes de empezar<\/span> <span class=\"pf-notice__line\">La Organizaci\u00f3n de Cooperaci\u00f3n Kurda es una federaci\u00f3n de comunidades que aprenden unas de otras. No es una universidad, no reclama autoridad p\u00fablica y no sirve a ning\u00fan gobierno, partido ni entidad religiosa.<\/span><\/summary><div class=\"pf-notice__body\">\n<p class=\"pf-notice__lead\">Las fuentes externas conservan sus propias licencias. Figurar en una lista o un enlace no implica respaldo.<\/p>\n\n<div data-pf-notice-evidence=\"\"><h3 class=\"pf-notice__h\">C\u00f3mo trata esta p\u00e1gina la evidencia<\/h3><p>Cada cifra indica su medida, a\u00f1o, fuente y etiqueta. Lo desconocido se muestra como desconocido.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-notice__labels\"><div><dt><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verificado<\/span><\/dt><dd>Una etiqueta: el elemento coincide con su registro primario, como la tabla oficial o la entrada de Crossref.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--secondary\">Fuente secundaria<\/span><\/dt><dd>Una etiqueta: la cifra procede de un informe fiable sobre la fuente, no de la fuente misma.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">Por verificar<\/span><\/dt><dd>Una etiqueta: el elemento figura tal como se encontr\u00f3 y a\u00fan debe cotejarse con su fuente.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><h4 class=\"pf-notice__h4\">Fuentes<\/h4><p class=\"pf-notice__small\">Registros acad\u00e9micos abiertos sobre este tema, de \u00edndices aprobados. Se enumeran como referencia y a\u00fan no se han revisado.<\/p><ol class=\"pf-notice__srcs\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-notice__src\"><span translate=\"no\">F\u0131rat Boz\u00e7ali (2025). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9781503644502-005\" rel=\"noopener\">Map of Greater Kurdistan Geography<\/a>. Stanford University Press eBooks. DOI <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9781503644502-005\">10.1515\/9781503644502-005<\/a><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-notice__src\"><span translate=\"no\">Shakir A. Zebari, Sawer Ahmed, Ibrahim Naqid et al. (2025). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.11.20.25340675\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cDistribution, genetic polymorphism and genotype prediction of rhesus blood group antigens among the Kurdish population of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Iraq\u201d<\/a>. openRxiv. DOI <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.11.20.25340675\">10.1101\/2025.11.20.25340675<\/a><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-notice__src\"><span translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25212\/lfu.qzj.8.1.26\" rel=\"noopener\">Evaluating The Use of Maps in Social Sciences \/ Geography Books in The Kurdistan Region \/ Iraq<\/a> (2023). Qalaai Zanist Scientific Journal. DOI <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25212\/lfu.qzj.8.1.26\">10.25212\/lfu.qzj.8.1.26<\/a><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-notice__src\"><span translate=\"no\">Zahra Ghobadian (2014). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3126\/ajms.v5i3.9151\" rel=\"noopener\">Distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups in a major ethnic group of the West Iran, the Kurdish population<\/a>. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences. DOI <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3126\/ajms.v5i3.9151\">10.3126\/ajms.v5i3.9151<\/a><\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-notice__src\"><span translate=\"no\">Unknown Author (2025). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26750\/yc5nk635\" rel=\"noopener\">The Sixth Parliamentary Election of Kurdistan: Results and Implications (A Study in Political Geography)<\/a>. Journal of Raparin University. DOI <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26750\/yc5nk635\">10.26750\/yc5nk635<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"pf-notice__cite\"><a href=\"#cite\">Citar esta p\u00e1gina<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"pf-notice__foot\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/news\/es\/corrections\/\">Notifique un error<\/a> <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Qu\u00e9 somos y qu\u00e9 no somos<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/details>\n<nav class=\"pf-toc\" aria-label=\"En esta p\u00e1gina\"><p class=\"pf-toc__h\">En esta p\u00e1gina<\/p><ol><li><a href=\"#s1\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">01<\/span><span>La red y sus capas<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s2\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">02<\/span><span>\u00daltimos elementos<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s3\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">03<\/span><span>El registro de capas<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s4\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">04<\/span><span>C\u00f3mo llega una fuente a un mapa<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s5\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">05<\/span><span>Investigaci\u00f3n y fuentes<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s1\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">01<\/span>La red y sus capas<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Active y desactive las capas en el panel. Cambie entre el globo y el mapa plano. Los puntos de las ciudades abren sus p\u00e1ginas.<\/p>\n  <figure class=\"pf-live pf-live--tall\" id=\"pf-map-maps\" data-pf-map=\"{&quot;view&quot;:{&quot;center&quot;:[44,30],&quot;zoom&quot;:2.3,&quot;projection&quot;:&quot;globe&quot;},&quot;lang&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;tiles&quot;:{&quot;light&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/tiles.openfreemap.org\/styles\/positron&quot;,&quot;dark&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/tiles.openfreemap.org\/styles\/dark&quot;},&quot;layers&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;home&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;home&quot;,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;geo\/home.json&quot;,&quot;on&quot;:true},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;tiers&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;tiers&quot;,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;geo\/tiers.json&quot;,&quot;on&quot;:false},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;cities&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;cities&quot;,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;geo\/cities.json&quot;,&quot;on&quot;:true},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;links&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;links&quot;,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;geo\/links.json&quot;,&quot;on&quot;:true},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h3&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;h3&quot;,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;geo\/h3.json&quot;,&quot;on&quot;:false},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;src-earthquakes&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;quakes&quot;,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;geo\/layer-earthquakes.json&quot;,&quot;on&quot;:true},{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;src-provinces&quot;,&quot;kind&quot;:&quot;provinces&quot;,&quot;src&quot;:&quot;geo\/layer-provinces.json&quot;,&quot;on&quot;:true}],&quot;places&quot;:{&quot;IRN\/ilam&quot;:[&quot;Ilam, Iran&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/ilam\/&quot;],&quot;IRN\/kermanshah&quot;:[&quot;Kermanshah (Kirma\u015fan), Iran&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/kermanshah\/&quot;],&quot;IRN\/sanandaj&quot;:[&quot;Sanandaj (Sine), Iran&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/kurdistan-province\/sanandaj\/&quot;],&quot;IRN\/saqqez&quot;:[&quot;Saqqez (Seqiz), Iran&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/kurdistan-province\/saqqez\/&quot;],&quot;IRN\/quchan&quot;:[&quot;Quchan (Qo\u00e7an), Iran&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/razavi-khorasan\/quchan\/&quot;],&quot;IRN\/tehran&quot;:[&quot;Tehran, Iran&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/tehran\/&quot;],&quot;IRN\/mahabad&quot;:[&quot;Mahabad, Iran&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/west-azerbaijan\/mahabad\/&quot;],&quot;IRN\/urmia&quot;:[&quot;Urmia (\u00dbrmiye), Iran&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/west-azerbaijan\/urmia\/&quot;],&quot;IRQ\/sulaymaniyah&quot;:[&quot;Sulaymaniyah (Sil\u00eaman\u00ee), Iraq&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/al-sulaymaniyah\/sulaymaniyah\/&quot;],&quot;IRQ\/halabja&quot;:[&quot;Halabja, Iraq&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/al-sulaymaniyah\/halabja\/&quot;],&quot;IRQ\/baghdad&quot;:[&quot;Baghdad, Iraq&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/baghdad\/&quot;],&quot;IRQ\/duhok&quot;:[&quot;Duhok, Iraq&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/duhok\/&quot;],&quot;IRQ\/erbil&quot;:[&quot;Erbil (Hewl\u00ear), Iraq&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/erbil\/&quot;],&quot;IRQ\/kirkuk&quot;:[&quot;Kirkuk, Iraq&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/kirkuk\/&quot;],&quot;IRQ\/shingal&quot;:[&quot;Shingal (Sinjar), Iraq&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/ninewa\/shingal\/&quot;],&quot;SYR\/qamishli&quot;:[&quot;Qamishli (Qami\u015flo), Syria&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/al-hasakeh\/qamishli\/&quot;],&quot;SYR\/hasakah&quot;:[&quot;Hasakah, Syria&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/al-hasakeh\/hasakah\/&quot;],&quot;SYR\/kobani&quot;:[&quot;Koban\u00ee, Syria&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/aleppo\/kobani\/&quot;],&quot;SYR\/afrin&quot;:[&quot;Afrin (Efr\u00een), Syria&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/aleppo\/afrin\/&quot;],&quot;SYR\/aleppo&quot;:[&quot;Aleppo (Sheikh Maqsoud), Syria&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/aleppo\/&quot;],&quot;SYR\/damascus&quot;:[&quot;Damascus (Rukn al-Din), Syria&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/damascus\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/adana&quot;:[&quot;Adana, T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/adana\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/batman&quot;:[&quot;Batman (\u00calih), T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/batman\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/diyarbakir&quot;:[&quot;Diyarbak\u0131r (Amed), T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/diyarbakir\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/hakkari&quot;:[&quot;Hakkari (Colem\u00earg), T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/hakkari\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/istanbul&quot;:[&quot;Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/istanbul\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/izmir&quot;:[&quot;Izmir, T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/izmir\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/mardin&quot;:[&quot;Mardin (M\u00eard\u00een), T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/mardin\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/mersin&quot;:[&quot;Mersin, T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/mersin\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/sanliurfa&quot;:[&quot;\u015eanl\u0131urfa (Riha), T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/sanliurfa\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/dersim&quot;:[&quot;Dersim (Tunceli), T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/tunceli\/dersim\/&quot;],&quot;TUR\/van&quot;:[&quot;Van (Wan), T\u00fcrkiye&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/van\/&quot;],&quot;ARM\/aknalich&quot;:[&quot;Aknalich, Armenia&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/armenia\/armavir\/aknalich\/&quot;],&quot;ARM\/yerevan&quot;:[&quot;Yerevan, Armenia&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/armenia\/yerevan\/&quot;],&quot;AUT\/vienna&quot;:[&quot;Vienna, Austria&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/austria\/vienna\/&quot;],&quot;BEL\/brussels&quot;:[&quot;Brussels, Belgium&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/belgium\/brussels-capital\/brussels\/&quot;],&quot;BEL\/antwerp&quot;:[&quot;Antwerp, Belgium&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/belgium\/flemish-region\/antwerp\/&quot;],&quot;CAN\/vancouver&quot;:[&quot;Vancouver, Canada&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/british-columbia\/vancouver\/&quot;],&quot;CAN\/toronto&quot;:[&quot;Toronto, Canada&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/ontario\/toronto\/&quot;],&quot;CAN\/ottawa&quot;:[&quot;Ottawa, Canada&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/ontario\/ottawa\/&quot;],&quot;CAN\/london&quot;:[&quot;London, Canada&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/ontario\/london\/&quot;],&quot;CAN\/montreal&quot;:[&quot;Montreal, Canada&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/quebec\/montreal\/&quot;],&quot;DNK\/copenhagen&quot;:[&quot;Copenhagen, Denmark&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/denmark\/capital-region-of-denmark\/copenhagen\/&quot;],&quot;FRA\/strasbourg&quot;:[&quot;Strasbourg, France&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/france\/grand-est\/strasbourg\/&quot;],&quot;FRA\/paris&quot;:[&quot;Paris, France&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/france\/ile-de-france\/paris\/&quot;],&quot;FRA\/marseille&quot;:[&quot;Marseille, France&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/france\/provence-alpes-cote-dazur\/marseille\/&quot;],&quot;DEU\/berlin&quot;:[&quot;Berlin, Germany&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/berlin\/&quot;],&quot;DEU\/bremen&quot;:[&quot;Bremen, Germany&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/bremen\/&quot;],&quot;DEU\/hamburg&quot;:[&quot;Hamburg, Germany&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/hamburg\/&quot;],&quot;DEU\/frankfurt&quot;:[&quot;Frankfurt, Germany&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/hesse\/frankfurt\/&quot;],&quot;DEU\/hanover&quot;:[&quot;Hanover, Germany&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/lower-saxony\/hanover\/&quot;],&quot;DEU\/cologne&quot;:[&quot;Cologne, Germany&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/north-rhine-westphalia\/cologne\/&quot;],&quot;DEU\/dusseldorf&quot;:[&quot;D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/north-rhine-westphalia\/dusseldorf\/&quot;],&quot;DEU\/bielefeld&quot;:[&quot;Bielefeld, Germany&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/north-rhine-westphalia\/bielefeld\/&quot;],&quot;NLD\/amsterdam&quot;:[&quot;Amsterdam, Netherlands&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/netherlands\/north-holland\/amsterdam\/&quot;],&quot;NLD\/the-hague&quot;:[&quot;The Hague, Netherlands&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/netherlands\/south-holland\/the-hague\/&quot;],&quot;NLD\/rotterdam&quot;:[&quot;Rotterdam, Netherlands&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/netherlands\/south-holland\/rotterdam\/&quot;],&quot;SWE\/malmo&quot;:[&quot;Malm\u00f6, Sweden&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/sweden\/skane\/malmo\/&quot;],&quot;SWE\/stockholm&quot;:[&quot;Stockholm, Sweden&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/sweden\/stockholm\/&quot;],&quot;SWE\/uppsala&quot;:[&quot;Uppsala, Sweden&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/sweden\/uppsala\/&quot;],&quot;SWE\/gothenburg&quot;:[&quot;Gothenburg, Sweden&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/sweden\/vastra-gotaland\/gothenburg\/&quot;],&quot;CHE\/basel&quot;:[&quot;Basel, Switzerland&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/switzerland\/basel-stadt\/basel\/&quot;],&quot;CHE\/geneva&quot;:[&quot;Geneva, Switzerland&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/switzerland\/geneva\/&quot;],&quot;CHE\/zurich&quot;:[&quot;Zurich, Switzerland&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/switzerland\/zurich\/&quot;],&quot;GBR\/london&quot;:[&quot;London, United Kingdom&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-kingdom\/england\/london\/&quot;],&quot;GBR\/manchester&quot;:[&quot;Manchester, United Kingdom&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-kingdom\/england\/manchester\/&quot;],&quot;GBR\/liverpool&quot;:[&quot;Liverpool, United Kingdom&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-kingdom\/england\/liverpool\/&quot;],&quot;GBR\/cardiff&quot;:[&quot;Cardiff, United Kingdom&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-kingdom\/wales\/cardiff\/&quot;],&quot;USA\/san-diego&quot;:[&quot;San Diego, United States&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/california\/san-diego\/&quot;],&quot;USA\/washington-dc-area&quot;:[&quot;Washington DC area, United States&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/district-of-columbia\/washington-dc-area\/&quot;],&quot;USA\/nashville&quot;:[&quot;Nashville, United States&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/tennessee\/nashville\/&quot;],&quot;USA\/dallas&quot;:[&quot;Dallas, United States&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/texas\/dallas\/&quot;],&quot;AUS\/sydney&quot;:[&quot;Sydney, Australia&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/australia\/new-south-wales\/sydney\/&quot;],&quot;AUS\/melbourne&quot;:[&quot;Melbourne, Australia&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/australia\/victoria\/melbourne\/&quot;],&quot;FIN\/helsinki&quot;:[&quot;Helsinki, Finland&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/finland\/uusimaa\/helsinki\/&quot;],&quot;GEO\/tbilisi&quot;:[&quot;Tbilisi, Georgia&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/georgia\/tbilisi\/&quot;],&quot;GRC\/athens&quot;:[&quot;Athens, Greece&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/greece\/attica\/athens\/&quot;],&quot;ISR\/jerusalem&quot;:[&quot;Jerusalem, Israel&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/israel\/jerusalem\/&quot;],&quot;JPN\/kawaguchi-and-warabi&quot;:[&quot;Kawaguchi and Warabi, Japan&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/japan\/saitama\/kawaguchi-and-warabi\/&quot;],&quot;KAZ\/almaty&quot;:[&quot;Almaty, Kazakhstan&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/kazakhstan\/almaty\/&quot;],&quot;LBN\/beirut&quot;:[&quot;Beirut, Lebanon&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/lebanon\/beirut\/&quot;],&quot;NOR\/oslo&quot;:[&quot;Oslo, Norway&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/norway\/oslo\/&quot;],&quot;RUS\/krasnodar&quot;:[&quot;Krasnodar, Russia&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/russia\/krasnodar\/&quot;],&quot;RUS\/moscow&quot;:[&quot;Moscow, Russia&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/russia\/moscow\/&quot;],&quot;KGZ\/bishkek&quot;:[&quot;Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan&quot;,&quot;https:\/\/kurds.global\/kyrgyzstan\/bishkek-city\/bishkek\/&quot;]}}\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<div class=\"pf-live__stage\"><div class=\"pf-live__map\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"La red y sus capas\"><p class=\"pf-live__msg\" data-map-msg>El mapa necesita JavaScript. Las capas que muestra aparecen al lado.<\/p><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"pf-live__tools\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-live__btn\" data-map-proj=\"globe\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Globo<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-live__btn\" data-map-proj=\"mercator\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Plano<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-live__btn\" data-map-reset>Restablecer vista<\/button><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-live__side\"><p class=\"pf-live__h\">Capas<\/p><ul class=\"pf-live__layers\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-live__layer\"><label><input type=\"checkbox\" data-map-layer=\"home\" checked><span class=\"pf-live__sw pf-live__sw--home\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-live__ln\">Pa\u00edses de origen<\/span><\/label><\/li><li class=\"pf-live__layer\"><label><input type=\"checkbox\" data-map-layer=\"tiers\"><span class=\"pf-live__sw pf-live__sw--tier\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-live__ln\">Pa\u00edses de los programas<\/span><\/label><\/li><li class=\"pf-live__layer\"><label><input type=\"checkbox\" data-map-layer=\"cities\" checked><span class=\"pf-live__sw pf-live__sw--city\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-live__ln\">P\u00e1ginas de ciudades<\/span><\/label><\/li><li class=\"pf-live__layer\"><label><input type=\"checkbox\" data-map-layer=\"links\" checked><span class=\"pf-live__sw pf-live__sw--link\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-live__ln\">Enlaces desde la regi\u00f3n de origen<\/span><\/label><\/li><li class=\"pf-live__layer\"><label><input type=\"checkbox\" data-map-layer=\"h3\"><span class=\"pf-live__sw pf-live__sw--h3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-live__ln\">\u00cdndice de ciudades (celdas H3)<\/span><\/label><p class=\"pf-live__note\">Celdas de la cuadr\u00edcula H3 con resoluci\u00f3n 2, sombreadas seg\u00fan el n\u00famero de p\u00e1ginas de ciudades que contienen. Es un recuento de p\u00e1ginas, no de personas.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-live__layer\"><label><input type=\"checkbox\" data-map-layer=\"src-earthquakes\" checked><span class=\"pf-live__sw pf-live__sw--quake\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-live__ln\">Terremotos recientes<\/span><\/label><p class=\"pf-live__note\">Terremotos de magnitud 4,5 o superior en los \u00faltimos 30 d\u00edas, dentro de un recuadro trazado alrededor de la patria que abarca cuatro Estados.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-live__layer\"><label><input type=\"checkbox\" data-map-layer=\"src-provinces\" checked><span class=\"pf-live__sw pf-live__sw--unit\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-live__ln\">Provincias<\/span><\/label><p class=\"pf-live__note\">Provincias de primer nivel de T\u00fcrkiye, Irak, Siria e Ir\u00e1n, cada una con la licencia de su fuente.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-live__layer is-held\"><label><input type=\"checkbox\" data-map-layer=\"src-urban-centres\" disabled><span class=\"pf-live__sw pf-live__sw--city\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-live__ln\">Centros urbanos<\/span><\/label><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Pendiente de revisi\u00f3n de licencia<\/span><p class=\"pf-live__note\">Centros urbanos de GHSL, mostrados como fondo para las p\u00e1ginas de ciudades.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-live__layer is-held\"><label><input type=\"checkbox\" data-map-layer=\"src-population-density\" disabled><span class=\"pf-live__sw pf-live__sw--grid\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pf-live__ln\">Densidad de poblaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/label><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Pendiente de revisi\u00f3n de licencia<\/span><p class=\"pf-live__note\">Densidad de poblaci\u00f3n en cuadr\u00edcula de los cuatro Estados de origen, solo como contexto. Nunca es un recuento de kurdos.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\n<details class=\"pf-live__places\"><summary>Lugares en este mapa (85)<\/summary><ul role=\"list\"><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/ilam\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Ilam, Ir\u00e1n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/kermanshah\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Kermanshah (Kirma\u015fan), Ir\u00e1n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/kurdistan-province\/sanandaj\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Sanandaj (Sine), Ir\u00e1n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/kurdistan-province\/saqqez\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Saqqez (Seqiz), Ir\u00e1n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/razavi-khorasan\/quchan\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Quchan (Qo\u00e7an), Ir\u00e1n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/tehran\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Teher\u00e1n, Ir\u00e1n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/west-azerbaijan\/mahabad\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Mahabad, Ir\u00e1n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iran\/west-azerbaijan\/urmia\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Urm\u00eda (\u00dbrmiye), Ir\u00e1n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/al-sulaymaniyah\/sulaymaniyah\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Sulaimaniya (Sil\u00eaman\u00ee), Irak<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/al-sulaymaniyah\/halabja\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Halabja, Irak<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/baghdad\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Bagdad, Irak<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/duhok\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Duhok, Irak<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/erbil\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Erbil (Hewl\u00ear), Irak<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/kirkuk\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Kirkuk, Irak<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/iraq\/ninewa\/shingal\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Shingal (Sinjar), Irak<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/al-hasakeh\/qamishli\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Qamishli (Qami\u015flo), Siria<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/al-hasakeh\/hasakah\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Hasaka, Siria<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/aleppo\/kobani\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Koban\u00ee, Siria<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/aleppo\/afrin\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Afrin (Efr\u00een), Siria<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/aleppo\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Alepo (Sheikh Maqsoud), Siria<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/syria\/damascus\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Damasco (Rukn al-Din), Siria<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/adana\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Adana, Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/batman\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Batman (\u00calih), Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/diyarbakir\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Diyarbak\u0131r (Amed), Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/hakkari\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Hakkari (Colem\u00earg), Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/istanbul\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Estambul, Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/izmir\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Esmirna, Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/mardin\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Mardin (M\u00eard\u00een), Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/mersin\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Mersin, Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/sanliurfa\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">\u015eanl\u0131urfa (Riha), Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/tunceli\/dersim\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Dersim (Tunceli), Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/turkiye\/van\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Van (Wan), Turqu\u00eda<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/armenia\/armavir\/aknalich\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Aknalich, Armenia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/armenia\/yerevan\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Erev\u00e1n, Armenia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/austria\/vienna\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Viena, Austria<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/belgium\/brussels-capital\/brussels\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Bruselas, B\u00e9lgica<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/belgium\/flemish-region\/antwerp\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Amberes, B\u00e9lgica<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/british-columbia\/vancouver\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Vancouver, Canad\u00e1<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/ontario\/toronto\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Toronto, Canad\u00e1<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/ontario\/ottawa\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Ottawa, Canad\u00e1<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/ontario\/london\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">London, Canad\u00e1<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/canada\/quebec\/montreal\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Montreal, Canad\u00e1<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/denmark\/capital-region-of-denmark\/copenhagen\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Copenhague, Dinamarca<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/france\/grand-est\/strasbourg\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Estrasburgo, Francia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/france\/ile-de-france\/paris\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Par\u00eds, Francia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/france\/provence-alpes-cote-dazur\/marseille\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Marsella, Francia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/berlin\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Berl\u00edn, Alemania<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/bremen\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Bremen, Alemania<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/hamburg\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Hamburgo, Alemania<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/hesse\/frankfurt\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Fr\u00e1ncfort, Alemania<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/lower-saxony\/hanover\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Hannover, Alemania<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/north-rhine-westphalia\/cologne\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Colonia, Alemania<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/north-rhine-westphalia\/dusseldorf\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">D\u00fcsseldorf, Alemania<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/germany\/north-rhine-westphalia\/bielefeld\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Bielefeld, Alemania<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/netherlands\/north-holland\/amsterdam\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">\u00c1msterdam, Pa\u00edses Bajos<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/netherlands\/south-holland\/the-hague\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">La Haya, Pa\u00edses Bajos<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/netherlands\/south-holland\/rotterdam\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">R\u00f3terdam, Pa\u00edses Bajos<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/sweden\/skane\/malmo\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Malm\u00f6, Suecia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/sweden\/stockholm\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Estocolmo, Suecia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/sweden\/uppsala\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Upsala, Suecia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/sweden\/vastra-gotaland\/gothenburg\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Gotemburgo, Suecia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/switzerland\/basel-stadt\/basel\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Basilea, Suiza<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/switzerland\/geneva\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Ginebra, Suiza<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/switzerland\/zurich\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Z\u00farich, Suiza<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-kingdom\/england\/london\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Londres, Reino Unido<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-kingdom\/england\/manchester\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">M\u00e1nchester, Reino Unido<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-kingdom\/england\/liverpool\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Liverpool, Reino Unido<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-kingdom\/wales\/cardiff\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Cardiff, Reino Unido<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/california\/san-diego\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">San Diego, Estados Unidos<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/district-of-columbia\/washington-dc-area\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">\u00c1rea de Washington D. C., Estados Unidos<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/tennessee\/nashville\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Nashville, Estados Unidos<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/united-states\/texas\/dallas\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Dallas, Estados Unidos<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/australia\/new-south-wales\/sydney\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">S\u00eddney, Australia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/australia\/victoria\/melbourne\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Melbourne, Australia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/finland\/uusimaa\/helsinki\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Helsinki, Finlandia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/georgia\/tbilisi\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Tiflis, Georgia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/greece\/attica\/athens\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Atenas, Grecia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/israel\/jerusalem\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Jerusal\u00e9n, Israel<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/japan\/saitama\/kawaguchi-and-warabi\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Kawaguchi y Warabi, Jap\u00f3n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kazakhstan\/almaty\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Almaty, Kazajist\u00e1n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/lebanon\/beirut\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Beirut, L\u00edbano<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/norway\/oslo\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Oslo, Noruega<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/russia\/krasnodar\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Krasnodar, Rusia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/russia\/moscow\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Mosc\u00fa, Rusia<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/kyrgyzstan\/bishkek-city\/bishkek\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Biskek, Kirguist\u00e1n<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/details>\n<p class=\"pf-live__attr\">Mapa: OpenFreeMap, OpenMapTiles, datos \u00a9 colaboradores de OpenStreetMap (ODbL). Fronteras: Natural Earth. Lugares: las p\u00e1ginas de la propia plataforma.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s2\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">02<\/span>\u00daltimos elementos<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Cada capa aprobada tambi\u00e9n enumera aqu\u00ed sus \u00faltimos elementos, para todos los lectores.<\/p>\n  <table class=\"pf-table\"><caption>Terremotos recientes<\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Fecha<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Lugar<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Magnitud<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody translate=\"no\"><tr><td>2026-10-04<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us6000tzip\">21 km ESE of Feke, Turkey<\/a><\/td><td>M5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2026-10-04<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us6000tzil\">22 km E of Feke, Turkey<\/a><\/td><td>M4.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2026-10-04<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us6000tzif\">21 km SSE of Saimbeyli, Turkey<\/a><\/td><td>M4.7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2026-09-24<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/eventpage\/us6000tx9u\">20 km SW of Hilvan, Turkey<\/a><\/td><td>M5.1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><table class=\"pf-table\"><caption>Provincias<\/caption><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Pa\u00eds<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unidades<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licencia<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody translate=\"no\"><tr><td>TUR<\/td><td>81 provinces<\/td><td>Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IRQ<\/td><td>18 provinces<\/td><td>CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SYR<\/td><td>14 provinces<\/td><td>Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IRN<\/td><td>32 provinces<\/td><td>Open Data Commons Open Database License 1.0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s3\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">03<\/span>El registro de capas<\/h2>\n  \n  <div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Capa<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Fuente<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licencia<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Estado<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Terremotos recientes<\/th><td>Cat\u00e1logo de terremotos del USGS (servicio de eventos FDSN)<\/td><td>Dominio p\u00fablico (obra del Gobierno de EE. UU.); se solicita citar la fuente<\/td><td><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--ok\">Mostrado<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Desastres en curso<\/th><td>ReliefWeb disasters API<\/td><td>Metadatos reutilizables citando la fuente; cada informe enlazado con las condiciones de su propia fuente (por verificar)<\/td><td><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Pendiente de revisi\u00f3n de licencia<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Provincias<\/th><td>Fronteras administrativas abiertas de geoBoundaries (gbOpen)<\/td><td>Por pa\u00eds, seg\u00fan el registro de geoBoundaries: Ir\u00e1n ODbL 1.0 (OpenStreetMap, compartir igual), Turqu\u00eda CC BY-SA 2.0 (OpenStreetMap), Irak CC0 1.0, Siria CC BY 3.0 IGO (UN OCHA). Las condiciones de compartir igual requieren revisi\u00f3n<\/td><td><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--ok\">Mostrado<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Centros urbanos<\/th><td>GHSL Urban Centre Database<\/td><td>CC BY 4.0 (Comisi\u00f3n Europea, Centro Com\u00fan de Investigaci\u00f3n), por verificar para la versi\u00f3n utilizada<\/td><td><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Pendiente de revisi\u00f3n de licencia<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Densidad de poblaci\u00f3n<\/th><td>Poblaci\u00f3n en cuadr\u00edcula de WorldPop<\/td><td>CC BY 4.0<\/td><td><span class=\"pf-status pf-status--pending\">Pendiente de revisi\u00f3n de licencia<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s4\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">04<\/span>C\u00f3mo llega una fuente a un mapa<\/h2>\n  \n  <section class=\"pf-scn\" data-pf-scn=\"figure\" aria-label=\"De la fuente a la cifra publicada\">\n<header class=\"pf-scn__head\"><div><p class=\"pf-scn__eb\">Proceso<\/p><h3 class=\"pf-scn__title\">De la fuente a la cifra publicada<\/h3><p class=\"pf-scn__lede\">C\u00f3mo llega un n\u00famero a una p\u00e1gina, conservando su medida, a\u00f1o, fuente y etiqueta.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"pf-scn__status\" aria-live=\"polite\"><span class=\"pf-scn__dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span data-scn-status>7 pasos<\/span><\/p><\/header>\n<div class=\"pf-scn__bar\" hidden><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-scn__btn\" data-scn-act=\"play\">Ejecutar<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-scn__btn\" data-scn-act=\"prev\" aria-label=\"Paso anterior\">\u2039<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-scn__btn\" data-scn-act=\"next\" aria-label=\"Siguiente paso\">\u203a<\/button><input class=\"pf-scn__scrub\" type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"7\" value=\"0\" step=\"1\" aria-label=\"Paso\"><span class=\"pf-scn__count\" data-scn-count>0 \/ 7<\/span><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-scn__btn\" data-scn-act=\"reset\" aria-label=\"Restablecer\">Restablecer<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-scn__body\"><div class=\"pf-scn__stage\"><svg class=\"pf-scn__svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 796 590\" width=\"796\" height=\"590\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"De la fuente a la cifra publicada: 7 pasos\"><g class=\"pf-scn__lane\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__lane-bg\" x=\"20\" y=\"8\" width=\"180\" height=\"574\" rx=\"6\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-scn__lane-t\" x=\"32\" y=\"30\">Investigaci\u00f3n<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__lane\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__lane-bg\" x=\"212\" y=\"8\" width=\"180\" height=\"574\" rx=\"6\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-scn__lane-t\" x=\"224\" y=\"30\">Registro de fuentes<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__lane\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__lane-bg\" x=\"404\" y=\"8\" width=\"180\" height=\"574\" rx=\"6\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-scn__lane-t\" x=\"416\" y=\"30\">Responsable<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__lane\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__lane-bg\" x=\"596\" y=\"8\" width=\"180\" height=\"574\" rx=\"6\"><\/rect><text class=\"pf-scn__lane-t\" x=\"608\" y=\"30\">P\u00e1ginas<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"1\"><path d=\"M198 77 C206 77 206 151 214 151\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"2\"><path d=\"M390 151 C398 151 398 225 406 225\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"3\"><path d=\"M406 225 C302 225 302 299 198 299\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"4\"><path d=\"M110 328 L110 344\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"5\"><path d=\"M198 373 C398 373 398 447 598 447\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge\" data-scn-to=\"6\"><path d=\"M598 447 C398 447 398 521 198 521\"><\/path><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__edge pf-scn__edge--return\" data-scn-to=\"3\"><path d=\"M198 521 C216 521 216 299 198 299\"><\/path><text x=\"220\" y=\"410\">reabrir<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--start\" data-scn-step=\"0\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"22\" y=\"48\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(42 70)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"58\" y=\"68\">01 \u00b7 Inicio<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"58\" y=\"88\">Fuente encontrada<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--record\" data-scn-step=\"1\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"214\" y=\"122\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(234 144)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"250\" y=\"142\">02 \u00b7 Registro<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"250\" y=\"162\">Inscrito<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--gate\" data-scn-step=\"2\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"406\" y=\"196\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(426 218)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"442\" y=\"216\">03 \u00b7 Control<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"442\" y=\"236\">Fuente aprobada<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--record\" data-scn-step=\"3\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"22\" y=\"270\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(42 292)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"58\" y=\"290\">04 \u00b7 Registro<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"58\" y=\"310\">Cifra registrada<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--gate\" data-scn-step=\"4\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"22\" y=\"344\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(42 366)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"58\" y=\"364\">05 \u00b7 Control<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"58\" y=\"384\">Verificaci\u00f3n<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--end\" data-scn-step=\"5\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"598\" y=\"418\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(618 440)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"634\" y=\"438\">06 \u00b7 Resultado<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"634\" y=\"458\">Se muestra con su etiqueta<\/text><\/g><g class=\"pf-scn__node pf-scn__node--step\" data-scn-step=\"6\" data-state=\"queued\" tabindex=\"-1\"><rect class=\"pf-scn__card\" x=\"22\" y=\"492\" width=\"176\" height=\"58\" rx=\"5\"><\/rect><g class=\"pf-scn__ic\" transform=\"translate(42 514)\"><circle class=\"pf-scn__ic-ring\" r=\"7\"><\/circle><path class=\"pf-scn__ic-ok\" d=\"M-3.4 0.2 L-1 2.6 L3.6 -2.4\"><\/path><\/g><text class=\"pf-scn__card-k\" x=\"58\" y=\"512\">07 \u00b7 Paso<\/text><text class=\"pf-scn__card-t\" x=\"58\" y=\"532\">Correcci\u00f3n<\/text><\/g><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"pf-scn__side\"><p class=\"pf-scn__side-h\">Registro de ejecuci\u00f3n<\/p><ol class=\"pf-scn__steps\"><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"0\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">01 \u00b7 Investigaci\u00f3n<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Fuente encontrada<\/h4><p>Una oficina de estad\u00edstica, un organismo internacional o un estudio que cuenta a la comunidad.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"1\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">02 \u00b7 Registro de fuentes<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Inscrito<\/h4><p>La fuente se registra con su licencia, su atribuci\u00f3n y su uso.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Registro<\/dt><dd>Estado: se requiere revisi\u00f3n jur\u00eddica<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"2\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">03 \u00b7 Responsable<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Fuente aprobada<\/h4><p>El propietario aprueba la fuente en el registro.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Regla<\/dt><dd>Solo el propietario establece APPROVED, con un registro en el registro de fuentes.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"3\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">04 \u00b7 Investigaci\u00f3n<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Cifra registrada<\/h4><p>Valor, medida, a\u00f1o, fuente y etiqueta: verificado, secundario o por verificar.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"4\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">05 \u00b7 Investigaci\u00f3n<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Verificaci\u00f3n<\/h4><p>Cotejado con la fuente. Los puntos abiertos pasan a la cola de verificaci\u00f3n.<\/p><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"5\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">06 \u00b7 P\u00e1ginas<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Se muestra con su etiqueta<\/h4><p>Cada cifra aparece con su medida y su fuente.<\/p><dl class=\"pf-scn__meta\"><div><dt>Regla<\/dt><dd>Nunca se suman entre medidas distintas. Lo desconocido se muestra como desconocido.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/li><li class=\"pf-scn__step\" data-scn-step=\"6\" data-state=\"queued\"><p class=\"pf-scn__step-k\">07 \u00b7 Investigaci\u00f3n<\/p><h4 class=\"pf-scn__step-t\">Correcci\u00f3n<\/h4><p>Un error notificado reabre la cifra. El cambio queda registrado.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n<p class=\"pf-scn__src\">Las normas de la plataforma para las cifras y los datos externos.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section><details class=\"pf-cite\" id=\"cite\"><summary>Citar esta p\u00e1gina<\/summary><div class=\"pf-cite__body\"><dl class=\"pf-cite__list\">\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">APA<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-apa\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). <i>Maps and layers<\/i>. kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/es\/maps\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/maps\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-apa\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copiar<\/span><span hidden>Copiado<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">Chicago<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-chicago\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. \u201cMaps and Layers.\u201d kurds.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/es\/maps\/\">https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/maps\/<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-chicago\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copiar<\/span><span hidden>Copiado<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">BibTeX<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" translate=\"no\">@misc{kco2026_research_maps,\n\tauthor = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}},\n\tyear = {2026},\n\tnote = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},\n\ttitle = {Maps and layers},\n\turl = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/maps\/},\n\thowpublished = {https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/maps\/},\n}\n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copiar<\/span><span hidden>Copiado<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_research_maps.bib\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_research_maps.bib\" download=\"kco2026_research_maps.bib\">Descargar <span translate=\"no\">.bib<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">RIS<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-ris\" translate=\"no\">TY  - ELEC\nAU  - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization\nDA  - 2026\/\/\/\nPY  - 2026\nID  - kco2026_research_map\nN1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0\nTI  - Maps and layers\nUR  - https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/maps\/\nER  - \n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-ris\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copiar<\/span><span hidden>Copiado<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/kurds-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/kco2026_research_maps.ris\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/kco2026_research_maps.ris\" download=\"kco2026_research_maps.ris\">Descargar <span translate=\"no\">.ris<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<\/dl><p class=\"pf-cite__meta\">Licencia <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" translate=\"no\" rel=\"license\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s5\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">05<\/span>Investigaci\u00f3n y fuentes<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Trabajos recientes y pertinentes sobre el tema de esta p\u00e1gina, de fuentes acad\u00e9micas abiertas aprobadas. Solo metadatos y enlaces. Los t\u00edtulos se mantienen tal como se publicaron. A\u00fan sin revisar.<\/p>\n  <ol class=\"pf-srchub\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9781503644502-005\" rel=\"noopener\">Map of Greater Kurdistan Geography<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">F\u0131rat Boz\u00e7ali \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 Stanford University Press eBooks<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Secci\u00f3n<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.11.20.25340675\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cDistribution, genetic polymorphism and genotype prediction of rhesus blood group antigens among the Kurdish population of Zakho, Kurdistan Region, Iraq\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Shakir A. Zebari, Sawer Ahmed, Ibrahim Naqid et al. \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 openRxiv<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Preprint<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Europe PMC<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acceso abierto<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-4.0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25212\/lfu.qzj.8.1.26\" rel=\"noopener\">Evaluating The Use of Maps in Social Sciences \/ Geography Books in The Kurdistan Region \/ Iraq<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">2023 \u00b7 Qalaai Zanist Scientific Journal<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Art\u00edculo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3126\/ajms.v5i3.9151\" rel=\"noopener\">Distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups in a major ethnic group of the West Iran, the Kurdish population<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Zahra Ghobadian \u00b7 2014 \u00b7 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Art\u00edculo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acceso abierto<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26750\/yc5nk635\" rel=\"noopener\">The Sixth Parliamentary Election of Kurdistan: Results and Implications (A Study in Political Geography)<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Unknown Author \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 Journal of Raparin University<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Art\u00edculo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2747\/1538-7216.43.4.271\" rel=\"noopener\">The Political Geography of Kurdistan<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Carl T. Dahlman \u00b7 2002 \u00b7 Eurasian Geography and Economics<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Art\u00edculo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31826\/9781463243586-023\" rel=\"noopener\">20. ON THE LEGAL STATUS OF YEZIDIS: LAW, GEOGRAPHY AND CONFESSION-BUILDING IN EARLY MODERN KURDISTAN (SIXTEENTHEIGHTEENTH CENTURIES)<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Yavuz Aykan \u00b7 2022 \u00b7 Gorgias Press<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Art\u00edculo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acceso abierto<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-78837-7_5\" rel=\"noopener\">Pronominal Clitics Across Kurdish: Areal Distribution, Structural Variation, and Diachrony<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Ergin \u00d6pengin, Masoud Mohammadirad \u00b7 2022 \u00b7 Structural and Typological Variation in the Dialects of Kurdish<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Secci\u00f3n<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-0374.2006.00141.x\" rel=\"noopener\">Territorial bounds to virtual space: transnational online and offline networks of Iranian and Turkish\u2013Kurdish immigrants in the Netherlands<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">MATTHIJS VAN DEN BOS, LIZA NELL \u00b7 2006 \u00b7 Global Networks<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Art\u00edculo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03630269.2020.1797772\" rel=\"noopener\">Distribution of HBB Gene Mutations in the Kurdish Population of Ilam Province, West Iran<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Keivan Moradi, Mozaffar Aznab, Susan Tahmasebi et al. \u00b7 2020 \u00b7 Hemoglobin<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Art\u00edculo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31918\/twejer\/2253.1\" rel=\"noopener\">Kurds in the Geography of the Safavid State (1501-1722)<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Khalil Ali Murad, Niamat Shahab Haji \u00b7 2022 \u00b7 Twejer<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Art\u00edculo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acceso abierto<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31918\/twejer.2584.eli.10\" rel=\"noopener\">Legal Obstacles to Water Harvesting in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Their Legislative Treatment: A Legal Geography Study<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">2025 \u00b7 Twejer<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Art\u00edculo<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Acceso abierto<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"pf-srchub__foot\">Fuentes, licencias y fechas de consulta: <span translate=\"no\">Crossref (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.crossref.org\/documentation\/retrieve-metadata\/rest-api\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (<a href=\"https:\/\/doaj.org\/terms\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; Europe PMC (<a href=\"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/Copyright\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata reusable; full text under each article&#8217;s licence<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (<a href=\"https:\/\/graph.openaire.eu\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (<a href=\"https:\/\/help.openalex.org\/access\/pricing\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)<\/a>), 2026-10-23.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<aside class=\"pf-closing\" aria-label=\"Constr\u00fayalo con nosotros\"><div class=\"pf-closing__text\"><h2 class=\"pf-closing__title\">Constr\u00fayalo con nosotros<\/h2><p>H\u00e1gase miembro o cu\u00e9ntenos qu\u00e9 necesita su ciudad. Usted elige qu\u00e9 comparte.<\/p><\/div><p class=\"pf-actions\"><a class=\"pf-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/join\/\" data-pf-auth=\"guest\">Afiliarse<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/members\/me\/\" data-pf-auth=\"member\">Su perfil<\/a><a class=\"pf-btn pf-btn--ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/contact\/\">Contacto<\/a><\/p><\/aside><\/div><footer class=\"pf-netfoot pf-nf\" aria-label=\"Red\">\n  <div class=\"pf-netfoot__id\"><a class=\"pf-netfoot__brand\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/es\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--kilim\" viewBox=\"-5.6 -5.6 11.2 11.2\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" shape-rendering=\"crispEdges\"><g><rect x=\"-0.5\" y=\"-5.5\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-1.5\" y=\"-4.5\" width=\"3\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-2.5\" y=\"-3.5\" width=\"5\" height=\"1\" class=\"m1\"\/><rect x=\"-3.5\" y=\"-2.5\" width=\"7\" height=\"1\" 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dir=\"ltr\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/hi\/maps\/\" hreflang=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/id\/maps\/\" hreflang=\"id\" lang=\"id\" dir=\"ltr\">Bahasa Indonesia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/it\/maps\/\" hreflang=\"it\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">Italiano<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/ja\/maps\/\" hreflang=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/ko\/maps\/\" hreflang=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\" dir=\"ltr\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/pt\/maps\/\" hreflang=\"pt\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\">Portugu\u00eas<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/ru\/maps\/\" hreflang=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/zh\/maps\/\" hreflang=\"zh\" lang=\"zh\" dir=\"ltr\">\u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <p class=\"pf-netfoot__legal\"><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">The Kurdish Cooperation Organization (KCO)<\/span> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/guide\/charter-of-the-kurdish-cooperation-organization-kco\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Versi\u00f3n de la carta<\/a> <span class=\"pf-nf__ver\" dir=\"ltr\">1.0.0.1<\/span><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-netfoot__pos\">La Organizaci\u00f3n de Cooperaci\u00f3n Kurda es una red independiente de educaci\u00f3n y desarrollo entre pares, formada por comunidades kurdas. No es una universidad y no reivindica ninguna autoridad p\u00fablica. <a class=\"pf-xlang\" href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/about-this-network\/\" hreflang=\"en\" data-pf-xlang=\"English\">Sobre esta red: qu\u00e9 somos y qu\u00e9 no somos<span class=\"pf-xlang__tag\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" translate=\"no\">English<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/footer>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KCOkurds.global KCOInvestigaci\u00f3n Red \u00c1reas 01Academia Todos los campos del saber, cursos en todas las variedades del kurdo y comunidades de pr\u00e1ctica. 02Patrimonio La historia desde los Zagros hasta hoy, la &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/es\/maps\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Maps and layers&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":41,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_buddyx_sub_header_visibility":"","_buddyx_sub_header_title_visibility":"","_hide_show_side_panel":"","_buddyxpro_page_sidebar":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_header":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_footer":"","_buddyxpro_page_content_width":"","_buddyxpro_page_header_style":"","_buddyxpro_page_color_mode":"","_buddyxpro_page_loader":"","_nx_seo_description":"","_nx_seo_title":"","_nx_seo_image":"","_nx_seo_jsonld":"","_nx_i18n_locale":"","_nx_i18n_group":"","footnotes":"","_nx_seo_image_alt":"","_nx_seo_canonical":"","_nx_seo_robots":"","_nx_seo_schema_type":""},"class_list":["post-128","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=128"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/128\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/41"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurds.global\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}