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The network’s peer-to-peer learning space, open to contributors of every background; it is not a university and grants no degrees. KCO’s peer-to-peer learning space, open to contributors of every background.

One subject of the Academy, with its fields, courses and communities of practice.

Memory and genocide studies

Memory and genocide studies examine mass atrocities against Kurdish and neighbouring communities, with survivors’ communities and trauma-informed care.

Contribute to this fieldAll disciplines

Status
Open
Fields
6
Courses
7
Faculty
Faculty of Kurdish Studies
Before you begin The Kurdish Cooperation Organization is a federation of communities that learn from one another. It is not a university, claims no public authority and serves no government, party or faith body.Contested subject

A set of lessons with an outline, written and reviewed by peers; it carries no academic credit. are written and reviewed by peers. A course plan with outcomes, modules and assessment, written before the lessons and reviewed before teaching starts. are A text awaiting review; it can change before it is used. until expert review.

In context

  • Contested subject This subject is contested. Every side is shown with its sources, and nothing here endorses a position.

How this page handles evidence

Every figure carries its measure, year, source and label. Unknown is shown as unknown.

Verified
A label: the item matches its primary record, such as the official table or the Crossref entry.
Secondary source
A label: the figure comes from a reliable report about the source, not from the source itself.
To verify
A label: the item is listed as found and still needs checking against its source.

Sources

Open scholarly records on this subject, from approved indexes. Listed for reference, not yet reviewed.

  1. Roshna Jamal Mohammed Amin (2023). Crime of Genocide, Stages of Implementation and Prevention of Anfal Genocide (Example of Yazidi Kurds). Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies. DOI 10.54809/jkss.vi10.344
  2. Roshna Jamal Mohammed Amin (2023). The crime of genocide, the stages of its implementation and prevention of the genocide of Anfal and the Yazidi Kurds, for example. Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies. DOI 10.54809/jkss.vi10.351
  3. Mari Toivanen, Bahar Baser (2019). Remembering the Past in Diasporic Spaces: Kurdish Reflections on Genocide Memorialization for Anfal. Genocide Studies International. DOI 10.3138/gsi.13.1.02
  4. Mohammed I, Ahmed H, Hasin B et al. (2025). A study on long-term trauma-related mental health outcomes among Kurdish survivors of chemical attacks.. Front Psychiatry. DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1693072
  5. Department of English Language Teaching, Tishk International University-Sulaimani, Sulaimani, 46001, Iraq, Atta Abdalwahid Ahmed, Marwan Mazhar Jafr et al. (2022). The Impact of Social Media on the Interaction Between Students and Teachers at the University of Halabja. Journal of Philology and Educational Sciences. DOI 10.53898/jpes2022113

Cite this page

Perspectives and disputes

Contested subjects show every side with sources. Nothing here endorses a position.

A map of the main positions, each with its own sources, is in preparation.

Report an error What we are and are not

01Fields

The A narrower topic within a discipline. this discipline covers.

  • Anfal and Halabja
  • The Yazidi genocide
  • Dersim 1937 to 1938
  • Deportation of the Feyli Kurds
  • Kurdish, Armenian and Assyrian histories, 1915 to 1923
  • Memorialisation and recognition

02Classification

Where the discipline sits in the international lists of fields.

SchemeCodeSteward
OECD Fields of Research and Development (FORD), Frascati Manual 2015, Table 2.26.1OECD
ISCED Fields of Education and Training 2013 (ISCED-F 2013)0222UNESCO Institute for Statistics

03Courses

Outlined 1

  • Memory and genocide studies · Foundations, Scholar

    Anfal and Halabja

    The Anfal campaign and the chemical attack on Halabja: what happened, how it is documented and remembered.

    Wave 1 · 12 h Outline drafted

Proposed 6

A A record of what was studied and assessed in a course or pathway; it is not a certificate or a qualification. shows what was studied and assessed. It is not a certificate or a qualification.

04Communities of practice

  • Community of practice: Culture, Heritage and Archives

    A A proposal only, which exists once the governing body the charter names decides. A group of practitioners of one field who work together on courses, standards and toolkits; the charter calls it a Standards area. on heritage records, oral history and archives.

    Proposed

05Contribute to this field

Experts of every background teach, review and advance the field.

  • 01

    Course author

    Write or revise a course of this field, from its outline to its lessons.

  • 02

    Expert reviewer

    Review outlines, lessons and assessments in your field before teaching starts.

  • 03

    Translator

    Translate courses and pages of this field into the languages of the community.

  • 04

    Steward

    Keep the field’s map of courses, sources and Anyone who writes, reviews, translates or teaches here, from any background, named only with consent. current.

Get involvedJoin

06Related service subsites

  • Heritage

    History from the Zagros to today, memory, faiths, arts, literature and food.

  • Research

    Kurdish studies: the observatory, reading lists and new research.

  • Civic

    Civic education, rights literacy, statelessness help and dialogue.

07More in this department

  • Open

    Kurdish history

    Kurdish history spans the Zagros and Taurus from antiquity to the present, across four states and the diaspora.

    1 course4 fields

  • Open

    Early and medieval Kurdistan

    This field studies the Zagros and Taurus from early history through the medieval Kurdish dynasties and emirates.

    3 courses4 fields

  • Open

    Modern Kurdish history

    Modern Kurdish history follows Kurds from the end of the Ottoman Empire into the states that followed, with every side and its sources.

    8 courses6 fields

Cite this page
APA

The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). Memory and genocide studies. kurds.global. https://kurds.global/learn/disciplines/genocide-memory-studies/

Chicago

The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. “Memory and Genocide Studies.” kurds.global. https://kurds.global/learn/disciplines/genocide-memory-studies/.

BibTeX
@misc{kco2026_learn_disciplines_genocide_memory_studies,
	author = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}},
	year = {2026},
	note = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},
	title = {Memory and genocide studies},
	url = {https://kurds.global/learn/disciplines/genocide-memory-studies/},
	howpublished = {https://kurds.global/learn/disciplines/genocide-memory-studies/},
}

Download .bib

RIS
TY  - ELEC
AU  - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization
DA  - 2026///
PY  - 2026
ID  - kco2026_learn_discip
N1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0
TI  - Memory and genocide studies
UR  - https://kurds.global/learn/disciplines/genocide-memory-studies/
ER  -

Download .ris

Licence CC BY 4.0

08Research and sources

Recent and relevant work on this page’s subject, from approved open scholarly sources. Metadata and links only. Titles stay as published. Not yet reviewed.

  1. Crime of Genocide, Stages of Implementation and Prevention of Anfal Genocide (Example of Yazidi Kurds)

    Roshna Jamal Mohammed Amin · 2023 · Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies

    ArticleOpenAlexOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-NC-ND

  2. The crime of genocide, the stages of its implementation and prevention of the genocide of Anfal and the Yazidi Kurds, for example

    Roshna Jamal Mohammed Amin · 2023 · Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies

    ArticleOpenAlexOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-NC-ND

  3. Remembering the Past in Diasporic Spaces: Kurdish Reflections on Genocide Memorialization for Anfal

    Mari Toivanen, Bahar Baser · 2019 · Genocide Studies International

    ArticleOpenAIREOpen access

  4. A study on long-term trauma-related mental health outcomes among Kurdish survivors of chemical attacks.

    Mohammed I, Ahmed H, Hasin B et al. · 2025 · Front Psychiatry

    ArticleEurope PMCOpen access

  5. The Impact of Social Media on the Interaction Between Students and Teachers at the University of Halabja

    Department of English Language Teaching, Tishk International University-Sulaimani, Sulaimani, 46001, Iraq, Atta Abdalwahid Ahmed, Marwan Mazhar Jafr et al. · 2022 · Journal of Philology and Educational Sciences

    ArticleCrossrefDOAJOpen access

  6. Sleep Disturbances Among Yazidi Survivors of the ISIS Genocide: Epidemiology, Neuropsychology, and Culturally Sensitive Interventions.

    Kizilhan JI, Ag Z, Ahmed QA et al. · 2026 · Brain Behav

    ArticleEurope PMCDOAJOpen access

  7. Pillage as the Political Economy of the Kurdish Anfal Genocide

    Kaziwa Salih · 2023 · Genocide Studies and Prevention

    ArticleOpenAIREOpen access

  8. Rape as Genocide Crime in International Criminal Law – The Case of Yazidi Women in Iraq

    Zeyad Jaffal · 2020 · Zenodo

    ArticleDataCiteZenodoOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  9. Photo of Anfal Genocide Survivor

    Jones, Adam, 1963- · 2014 · Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library

    OtherDataCite

  10. Preconditions for the Genocide of Iraqi Yazidis / A Multiple Crisis (Part Two)

    Karel Bauer · 2026 · Soudobé dějiny

    ArticleOpenAlexOpen accessCC-BY-NC

  11. The Anfal Campaign

    2016 · Gendered Experiences of Genocide

    ChapterCrossrefOpenAIRE

  12. The Yazidi Genocide

    Sareta Ashraph · 2025 · Elsevier BV

    PreprintCrossref

Sources, licences and fetch dates: Crossref (Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown), 2026-10-23; DataCite (CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences), 2026-10-23; Europe PMC (Metadata reusable; full text under each article’s licence), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)), 2026-10-23; Zenodo (Metadata CC0 1.0; each record under its own licence), 2026-10-23.

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