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Script

Kurdish Latin alphabet (Hawar)

31 letters. Celadet Bedirxan published the alphabet in the journal Hawar from 1932.

Tools

Letters
31
ISO 15924
Latn
Direction
Left to right
Languages here
3

01Alphabet chart

Letters: Unicode CLDR exemplar characters for ku.

  1. a
  2. b
  3. c
  4. ç
  5. d
  6. e
  7. ê
  8. f
  9. g
  10. h
  11. i
  12. î
  13. j
  14. k
  15. l
  16. m
  17. n
  18. o
  19. p
  20. q
  21. r
  22. s
  23. ş
  24. t
  25. u
  26. û
  27. v
  28. w
  29. x
  30. y
  31. z
Show as a table
LetterCode pointUnicode nameRomanisationSound (IPA)
aU+0061latin small letter aaː
bU+0062latin small letter bb
cU+0063latin small letter cd͡ʒ
çU+00E7latin small letter c with cedillat͡ʃ
dU+0064latin small letter dd
eU+0065latin small letter eɛ
êU+00EAlatin small letter e with circumflexeː
fU+0066latin small letter ff
gU+0067latin small letter gɡ
hU+0068latin small letter hh
iU+0069latin small letter iɨ
îU+00EElatin small letter i with circumflexiː
jU+006Alatin small letter jʒ
kU+006Blatin small letter kk
lU+006Clatin small letter ll
mU+006Dlatin small letter mm
nU+006Elatin small letter nn
oU+006Flatin small letter ooː
pU+0070latin small letter pp
qU+0071latin small letter qq
rU+0072latin small letter rɾ, r
sU+0073latin small letter ss
şU+015Flatin small letter s with cedillaʃ
tU+0074latin small letter tt
uU+0075latin small letter uʊ
ûU+00FBlatin small letter u with circumflexuː
vU+0076latin small letter vv
wU+0077latin small letter ww
xU+0078latin small letter xx
yU+0079latin small letter yj
zU+007Alatin small letter zz
  • 31 letters. Celadet Bedirxan published the alphabet in the journal Hawar from 1932.
  • The ALA-LC Kurdish table (2012) uses the Hawar letters as its romanisation.

Sources Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data. (2026) Verified; The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database. (2026) Verified

02Transliteration

Kurdish Latin to Cyrillic, ALA-LC (2012)

Zimanê kurdî

Зьмане кӧрди

Letter by letter, from the Hawar Latin letters to Kurdish Cyrillic.

Nothing you type leaves your browser. A teaching aid: check any text against the standard before you use it.

Kurdish Latin to Cyrillic, ALA-LC (2012)
LetterBecomes
aа
bб
cщ
çч
dд
eә
êе
fф
gг
hһ
iь
îи
jж
kк
lл
mм
nн
oо
pп
qԛ
rр
sс
şш
tт
uӧ
ûу
vв
wԝ
xх
yй
zз
ḧһ’
ẍг’

Sources Library of Congress. ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Kurdish, 2012 version. (2012) Verified

Kurdish Latin to the Arabic-based alphabet, ALA-LC (2012)
LetterBecomes
aا
bب
cج
çچ
dد
eە
êێ
fف
gگ
hه
ḧح
inot written
îی
jژ
kک
lل
łڵ
mم
nن
oۆ
pپ
qق
rر
r̄ڕ
sس
şش
tت
uو
ûوو
vڤ
wو
xخ
ẍغ
yی
zز
‘ع

Sources Library of Congress. ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Kurdish, 2012 version. (2012) Verified

03Numerals

Western digits latn
2026

Digits from Unicode CLDR numbering systems.

Show as a table
Digits0123456789
Western digits0123456789

04Standards

ISO 15924
Latn
Unicode blocks
Basic Latin (U+0000 to U+007F), Latin-1 Supplement (U+0080 to U+00FF), Latin Extended-A (U+0100 to U+017F)
Unicode CLDR locale
ku
Digits
Western digits (latn)
Joining
Letters stand apart.

Sources ISO 15924 codes for the representation of names of scripts. Unicode Consortium, registration authority. (2025) Verified; The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database. (2026) Verified; Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data. (2026) Verified

05Languages written in it

Cite this page
APA

The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). Kurdish Latin alphabet (Hawar). kurds.global. https://kurds.global/language/scripts/kurmanji-latin/

Chicago

The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. “Kurdish Latin Alphabet (Hawar).” kurds.global. https://kurds.global/language/scripts/kurmanji-latin/.

BibTeX
@misc{kco2026_language_scripts_kurmanji_latin,
	author = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}},
	year = {2026},
	note = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},
	title = {Kurdish {Latin} alphabet ({Hawar})},
	url = {https://kurds.global/language/scripts/kurmanji-latin/},
	howpublished = {https://kurds.global/language/scripts/kurmanji-latin/},
}

Download .bib

RIS
TY  - ELEC
AU  - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization
DA  - 2026///
PY  - 2026
ID  - kco2026_language_scr
N1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0
TI  - Kurdish Latin alphabet (Hawar)
UR  - https://kurds.global/language/scripts/kurmanji-latin/
ER  -

Download .ris

Licence CC BY 4.0

06Research and sources

Recent and relevant work on this page’s subject, from approved open scholarly sources. Metadata and links only. Titles stay as published. Not yet reviewed.

  1. Transliterating Kurdish texts in Latin into Persian-Arabic script

    Hossein Hassani · 2021 · arXiv

    PreprintDataCitearXivOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  2. Synthetic Data-Driven Transformer OCR for Kurdish Sorani via Dynamic Line Generation and Script-Aware Normalization

    Hawraz A. Ahmad · 2026 · Algorithms

    ArticleCrossrefDOAJOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  3. KSTRV1: A scene text recognition dataset for central Kurdish in (Arabic-Based) script

    Sardar Omar Salih, Karwan Jacksi · 2025 · Data in Brief

    ArticleCrossrefEurope PMCOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  4. Exploiting Script Similarities to Compensate for the Large Amount of Data in Training Tesseract LSTM: Towards Kurdish OCR

    Saman Idrees, Hossein Hassani · 2021 · Applied Sciences

    ArticleCrossrefDOAJOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  5. The Effect of Model Capacity and Script Diversity on Subword Tokenization for Sorani Kurdish

    Ali Salehi, Cassandra L. Jacobs · 2024 · Proceedings of the 21st SIGMORPHON workshop on Computational Research in Phonetics, Phonology, and Morphology

    ArticleCrossrefDataCiteOpenAIRE

  6. Comparison Study of Kurdish Language Alphabet to the Kurdistan Newspaper and the Current Form of Kurdish Language

    Unknown Author · 2025 · Journal of Raparin University

    ArticleCrossref

  7. Solving the Issues of Kurdish Orthography according to Linguistics the issues of the syllable level as an example

    2025 · Qalaai Zanist Scientific Journal

    ArticleCrossref

  8. Measuring Unadapted ASR on Garrusi Kurdish: Common-Reference Scoring Across Orthographic Representations

    Asadpour H · 2026 · Preprints.org

    PreprintEurope PMC

  9. Kurdish- Arabic Text in Computer with Non-Standards, Challenges and Recommendations

    Sardar O. Salih · 2020 · Academic Journal of Nawroz University

    ArticleOpenAIREOpen access

  10. Computational linguistics and its role in the Kurdish language Orthography and voice as a model

    Gulstan Muhammad Raheem, Dara Hamid Muhammad · 2024 · JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

    ArticleCrossref

  11. Using Punkt for Sentence Segmentation in non-Latin Scripts: Experiments on Kurdish (Sorani) Texts

    Roshna Omer Abdulrahman, Hossein Hassani · 2020 · arXiv

    PreprintarXivOpen access

  12. Extend an Algorithm of Auto-converting Kurdish Written Scripts in Websites: from Latin Characters to Kurdish/Arabic Characters and Vice Versa

    Sardar Salih · 2018 · Academic Journal of Nawroz University

    ArticleOpenAIREOpen access

Sources, licences and fetch dates: arXiv (Metadata CC0 1.0; papers under their own licences), 2026-10-23; Crossref (Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown), 2026-10-23; DataCite (CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences), 2026-10-23; Europe PMC (Metadata reusable; full text under each article’s licence), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)), 2026-10-23.

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