KCOkurds.globalKCOLanguage
Search
Account
LanguagesEnglish18

Script

Kurdish Arabic-based alphabet

Every vowel is written except short i, which is not written.

Tools

Letters
33
ISO 15924
Arab
Direction
Right to left
Languages here
5

01Alphabet chart

Letters: Unicode CLDR exemplar characters for ckb.

  1. ئnot written (vowel seat)
  2. اa
  3. بb
  4. پp
  5. تt
  6. جc
  7. چç
  8. حḧ
  9. خx
  10. دd
  11. رr
  12. زz
  13. ڕr̄
  14. ژj
  15. سs
  16. شş
  17. ع‘
  18. غẍ
  19. فf
  20. ڤv
  21. قq
  22. کk
  23. گg
  24. لl
  25. ڵł
  26. مm
  27. نn
  28. هh
  29. ەe
  30. وw / u
  31. ۆo
  32. یy / î
  33. ێê
Show as a table
LetterCode pointUnicode nameRomanisationSound (IPA)
ئU+0626arabic letter yeh with hamza abovenot written (vowel seat)ʔ
اU+0627arabic letter alefaaː
بU+0628arabic letter behbb
پU+067Earabic letter pehpp
تU+062Aarabic letter tehtt
جU+062Carabic letter jeemcd͡ʒ
چU+0686arabic letter tchehçt͡ʃ
حU+062Darabic letter hahḧħ
خU+062Earabic letter khahxx
دU+062Farabic letter daldd
رU+0631arabic letter rehrɾ
زU+0632arabic letter zainzz
ڕU+0695arabic letter reh with small v belowr̄r
ژU+0698arabic letter jehjʒ
سU+0633arabic letter seenss
شU+0634arabic letter sheenşʃ
عU+0639arabic letter ain‘ʕ
غU+063Aarabic letter ghainẍɣ
فU+0641arabic letter fehff
ڤU+06A4arabic letter vehvv
قU+0642arabic letter qafqq
کU+06A9arabic letter kehehkk
گU+06AFarabic letter gafgɡ
لU+0644arabic letter lamll
ڵU+06B5arabic letter lam with small vłɫ
مU+0645arabic letter meemmm
نU+0646arabic letter noonnn
هU+0647arabic letter hehhh
ەU+06D5arabic letter aeeɛ
وU+0648arabic letter waww / uw, ʊ
ۆU+06C6arabic letter oeooː
یU+06CCarabic letter farsi yehy / îj, iː
ێU+06CEarabic letter yeh with small vêeː
ووU+0648 U+0648arabic letter waw + arabic letter wawûuː
  • Every vowel is written except short i, which is not written.
  • A word that starts with a vowel takes the seat ئ.
  • ە is the vowel e and ه is the consonant h; keyboards and fonts must keep them apart.

Sources Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data. (2026) Verified; The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database. (2026) Verified

02Transliteration

Kurdish Arabic-based alphabet to Latin, ALA-LC (2012)

زمانی کوردی

zmanî kurdî

و and ی are read as consonants beside a vowel and as vowels between consonants. Short i is not written, so it does not appear.

Nothing you type leaves your browser. A teaching aid: check any text against the standard before you use it.

Kurdish Arabic-based alphabet to Latin, ALA-LC (2012)
LetterBecomes
اa
بb
پp
تt
جc
چç
حḧ
خx
دd
رr
ڕr̄
زz
ژj
سs
شş
ع‘
غẍ
فf
ڤv
قq
کk
كk
گg
لl
ڵł
مm
نn
هh
ھh
ەe
ۆo
ێê
ئnot written

Sources Library of Congress. ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Kurdish, 2012 version. (2012) Verified

03Numerals

Western digits latn
2026
Arabic-Indic digits arab
٢٠٢٦

Digits from Unicode CLDR numbering systems.

Show as a table
Digits0123456789
Western digits0123456789
Arabic-Indic digits٠١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩

04Punctuation

، ؛ ؟ « »

05Standards

ISO 15924
Arab
Unicode blocks
Arabic (U+0600 to U+06FF), Arabic Supplement (U+0750 to U+077F), Arabic Presentation Forms-A and -B
Unicode CLDR locale
ckb
Digits
Arabic-Indic digits (arab)
Joining
Letters join their neighbours and change shape by position.

Sources ISO 15924 codes for the representation of names of scripts. Unicode Consortium, registration authority. (2025) Verified; The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database. (2026) Verified; Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data. (2026) Verified

06Languages written in it

Cite this page
APA

The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). Kurdish Arabic-based alphabet. kurds.global. https://kurds.global/language/scripts/sorani-arabic/

Chicago

The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. “Kurdish Arabic-Based Alphabet.” kurds.global. https://kurds.global/language/scripts/sorani-arabic/.

BibTeX
@misc{kco2026_language_scripts_sorani_arabic,
	author = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}},
	year = {2026},
	note = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},
	title = {Kurdish {Arabic}-based alphabet},
	url = {https://kurds.global/language/scripts/sorani-arabic/},
	howpublished = {https://kurds.global/language/scripts/sorani-arabic/},
}

Download .bib

RIS
TY  - ELEC
AU  - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization
DA  - 2026///
PY  - 2026
ID  - kco2026_language_scr
N1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0
TI  - Kurdish Arabic-based alphabet
UR  - https://kurds.global/language/scripts/sorani-arabic/
ER  -

Download .ris

Licence CC BY 4.0

07Research and sources

Recent and relevant work on this page’s subject, from approved open scholarly sources. Metadata and links only. Titles stay as published. Not yet reviewed.

  1. Transliterating Kurdish texts in Latin into Persian-Arabic script

    Hossein Hassani · 2021 · arXiv

    PreprintDataCitearXivOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  2. Synthetic Data-Driven Transformer OCR for Kurdish Sorani via Dynamic Line Generation and Script-Aware Normalization

    Hawraz A. Ahmad · 2026 · Algorithms

    ArticleCrossrefDOAJOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  3. KSTRV1: A scene text recognition dataset for central Kurdish in (Arabic-Based) script

    Sardar Omar Salih, Karwan Jacksi · 2025 · Data in Brief

    ArticleCrossrefEurope PMCOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  4. Exploiting Script Similarities to Compensate for the Large Amount of Data in Training Tesseract LSTM: Towards Kurdish OCR

    Saman Idrees, Hossein Hassani · 2021 · Applied Sciences

    ArticleCrossrefDOAJOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  5. The Effect of Model Capacity and Script Diversity on Subword Tokenization for Sorani Kurdish

    Ali Salehi, Cassandra L. Jacobs · 2024 · Proceedings of the 21st SIGMORPHON workshop on Computational Research in Phonetics, Phonology, and Morphology

    ArticleCrossrefDataCiteOpenAIRE

  6. Comparison Study of Kurdish Language Alphabet to the Kurdistan Newspaper and the Current Form of Kurdish Language

    Unknown Author · 2025 · Journal of Raparin University

    ArticleCrossref

  7. Solving the Issues of Kurdish Orthography according to Linguistics the issues of the syllable level as an example

    2025 · Qalaai Zanist Scientific Journal

    ArticleCrossref

  8. Measuring Unadapted ASR on Garrusi Kurdish: Common-Reference Scoring Across Orthographic Representations

    Asadpour H · 2026 · Preprints.org

    PreprintEurope PMC

  9. Kurdish- Arabic Text in Computer with Non-Standards, Challenges and Recommendations

    Sardar O. Salih · 2020 · Academic Journal of Nawroz University

    ArticleOpenAIREOpen access

  10. Computational linguistics and its role in the Kurdish language Orthography and voice as a model

    Gulstan Muhammad Raheem, Dara Hamid Muhammad · 2024 · JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

    ArticleCrossref

  11. Using Punkt for Sentence Segmentation in non-Latin Scripts: Experiments on Kurdish (Sorani) Texts

    Roshna Omer Abdulrahman, Hossein Hassani · 2020 · arXiv

    PreprintarXivOpen access

  12. Extend an Algorithm of Auto-converting Kurdish Written Scripts in Websites: from Latin Characters to Kurdish/Arabic Characters and Vice Versa

    Sardar Salih · 2018 · Academic Journal of Nawroz University

    ArticleOpenAIREOpen access

Sources, licences and fetch dates: arXiv (Metadata CC0 1.0; papers under their own licences), 2026-10-23; Crossref (Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown), 2026-10-23; DataCite (CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences), 2026-10-23; Europe PMC (Metadata reusable; full text under each article’s licence), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)), 2026-10-23.

Privacy choices