书写
古拉尼语／哈乌拉米语：书写
古拉尼语／哈乌拉米语如何书写：文字、字母表、拉丁化转写、数字、键盘和字体。
هەورامی
01文字
-
ئ ا ب پ库尔德阿拉伯字母
除不书写的短 i 外，每个元音都书写。
02字母表：库尔德阿拉伯字母
字母：Unicode CLDR 的 ckb 示例字符。
- ئnot written (vowel seat)
- اa
- بb
- پp
- تt
- جc
- چç
- حḧ
- خx
- دd
- رr
- زz
- ڕr̄
- ژj
- سs
- شş
- ع‘
- غẍ
- فf
- ڤv
- قq
- کk
- گg
- لl
- ڵł
- مm
- نn
- هh
- ەe
- وw / u
- ۆo
- یy / î
- ێê
以表格显示
| 字母 | 码位 | Unicode 名称 | 罗马字母转写 | 读音（IPA） |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ئ | U+0626 | arabic letter yeh with hamza above | not written (vowel seat) | ʔ |
| ا | U+0627 | arabic letter alef | a | aː |
| ب | U+0628 | arabic letter beh | b | b |
| پ | U+067E | arabic letter peh | p | p |
| ت | U+062A | arabic letter teh | t | t |
| ج | U+062C | arabic letter jeem | c | d͡ʒ |
| چ | U+0686 | arabic letter tcheh | ç | t͡ʃ |
| ح | U+062D | arabic letter hah | ḧ | ħ |
| خ | U+062E | arabic letter khah | x | x |
| د | U+062F | arabic letter dal | d | d |
| ر | U+0631 | arabic letter reh | r | ɾ |
| ز | U+0632 | arabic letter zain | z | z |
| ڕ | U+0695 | arabic letter reh with small v below | r̄ | r |
| ژ | U+0698 | arabic letter jeh | j | ʒ |
| س | U+0633 | arabic letter seen | s | s |
| ش | U+0634 | arabic letter sheen | ş | ʃ |
| ع | U+0639 | arabic letter ain | ‘ | ʕ |
| غ | U+063A | arabic letter ghain | ẍ | ɣ |
| ف | U+0641 | arabic letter feh | f | f |
| ڤ | U+06A4 | arabic letter veh | v | v |
| ق | U+0642 | arabic letter qaf | q | q |
| ک | U+06A9 | arabic letter keheh | k | k |
| گ | U+06AF | arabic letter gaf | g | ɡ |
| ل | U+0644 | arabic letter lam | l | l |
| ڵ | U+06B5 | arabic letter lam with small v | ł | ɫ |
| م | U+0645 | arabic letter meem | m | m |
| ن | U+0646 | arabic letter noon | n | n |
| ه | U+0647 | arabic letter heh | h | h |
| ە | U+06D5 | arabic letter ae | e | ɛ |
| و | U+0648 | arabic letter waw | w / u | w, ʊ |
| ۆ | U+06C6 | arabic letter oe | o | oː |
| ی | U+06CC | arabic letter farsi yeh | y / î | j, iː |
| ێ | U+06CE | arabic letter yeh with small v | ê | eː |
| وو | U+0648 U+0648 | arabic letter waw + arabic letter waw | û | uː |
- 除不书写的短 i 外，每个元音都书写。
- 以元音开头的词要加载体字母 ئ。
- ە 是元音 e，ه 是辅音 h；键盘和字体必须将二者区分开。
来源 Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data. (2026) 已核实; The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database. (2026) 已核实
03数字
- 西方数字 latn
- 2026
- 阿拉伯-印度数字 arab
- ٢٠٢٦
数字来自 Unicode CLDR 数字系统。
以表格显示
| 数字 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 西方数字 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| 阿拉伯-印度数字 | ٠ | ١ | ٢ | ٣ | ٤ | ٥ | ٦ | ٧ | ٨ | ٩ |
04正字法与标准
尚未记录古拉尼语／哈乌拉米语的官方正字法机构。
| 标准 | 适用于此语言 |
|---|---|
| ISO 639-3 | hac |
| ISO 15924 | Arab |
| Unicode CLDR 区域设置 | ckb |
| 数字 | latn, arab |
来源 ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority. (2025) 待核实; ISO 15924 codes for the representation of names of scripts. Unicode Consortium, registration authority. (2025) 已核实; Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data. (2026) 已核实
05键盘与输入
- Windows
- 设置，时间和语言，语言和区域：添加该语言，再添加它的键盘。用 Windows 键加空格键切换。
- macOS
- 系统设置，键盘，文本输入：编辑输入法并添加该键盘。从菜单栏切换。
- Android
- 在键盘应用的设置中（Gboard：语言），添加该语言并选择其布局。
- iPhone 和 iPad
- 设置，通用，键盘，键盘：添加该键盘。用地球键切换。
- Linux
- 在桌面设置中（GNOME：键盘，输入源），添加该布局。
各系统为各语言提供哪些键盘布局，每次版本更新都会变化。请查看你设备上的列表；我们已确认的布局列在该语言的页面上。
06字体
本平台以 Estedad 字体显示该语言。每种字体均在开放许可下自行托管。
| 字体 | 文字 | 许可 |
|---|---|---|
| Vazirmatn | 波斯语、阿拉伯语、达里语、南阿塞拜疆语 | SIL Open Font License 1.1 |
| Estedad | 阿拉伯字母书写的库尔德语，阿拉伯字母标题 | SIL Open Font License 1.1 |
| Noto Sans Armenian | 亚美尼亚语 | SIL Open Font License 1.1 |
| Noto Sans Syriac Eastern | 亚述新阿拉姆语 | SIL Open Font License 1.1 |
| Noto Sans Mandaic | 曼达文 | SIL Open Font License 1.1 |
| Noto Sans Hebrew | 希伯来语，犹太波斯语 | SIL Open Font License 1.1 |
| Noto Sans Georgian | 格鲁吉亚语 | SIL Open Font License 1.1 |
| IBM Plex Sans and Noto Sans | 拉丁字母和西里尔字母，库尔德西里尔字母 | SIL Open Font License 1.1 |
07来源
Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data. 2026
已核实 Unicode License v3 示例字符和默认数字系统，读取于 2026-10-23。
The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database. 2026
已核实 Unicode License v3 字符名称、码位和区段范围。
已核实
ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority. 2025
待核实 代码已通过 Glottolog 记录交叉核对；代码表本身未读取。
引用本页
- APA
The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. (2026). Gorani / Hawrami: Writing. kurds.global. https://kurds.global/language/languages/hac/writing/
- Chicago
The Kurdish Cooperation Organization. 2026. “Gorani / Hawrami: Writing.” kurds.global. https://kurds.global/language/languages/hac/writing/.
- BibTeX
@misc{kco2026_language_languages_hac_writing, author = {{The Kurdish Cooperation Organization}}, year = {2026}, note = {Licence: CC BY 4.0}, title = {Gorani / {Hawrami}: Writing}, url = {https://kurds.global/language/languages/hac/writing/}, howpublished = {https://kurds.global/language/languages/hac/writing/}, }- RIS
TY - ELEC AU - The Kurdish Cooperation Organization DA - 2026/// PY - 2026 ID - kco2026_language_lan N1 - Licence: CC BY 4.0 TI - Gorani / Hawrami: Writing UR - https://kurds.global/language/languages/hac/writing/ ER -
08研究与来源
关于本页主题的近期相关研究，来自已批准的开放学术来源。仅含元数据和链接。标题保持发表时的原样。尚未审核。
-
Gorani: A Distinct and Independent Language Not a Variety of the So-called Kurdish
Sayyed Mahdi Sadjadi · 2023 · International Journal of Language & Linguistics
文章OpenAlexCrossref开放获取CC-BY
-
Can Linguistic Distance help Language Classification? Assessing Hawrami-Zaza and Kurmanji-Sorani
Hossein Hassani · 2021 · arXiv
预印本DataCitearXiv开放获取CC-BY-4.0
-
Aram Khaksar, Hossein Hassani · 2024 · arXiv
预印本DataCitearXiv开放获取CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0
-
Sable Andrew Peters, Zaniar Naghshbandi, Arwin Rasouli · 2023 · Toronto Working Papers in Linguistics
文章OpenAlexCrossref开放获取CC-BY
-
Albarzinji BM, Mohammad AK, Ismael B et al. · 2026 · Leg Med (Tokyo)
文章Europe PMC
-
The Productivity of Affixes of Words Derived from Bases in Hawrami Dialect
2020 · Twejer
文章OpenAIRE开放获取
-
Saeed Karami, Saloumeh Gholami · 2024 · De Gruyter eBooks
分会OpenAlex开放获取CC-BY-NC-ND
-
Jan Holmberg, D Odden · 2026 · Newcastle University
分会DataCiteCopyrighted
-
Nadya Safiei, Ebrahim Badakhshan, Masood Dehghan et al. · 2022 · مطالعات زبانها و گویشهای غرب ایران
文章DOAJ开放获取
-
Genetic polymorphism between the Sorani and Hawrami kurdish populations and COVID-19 outcome
Peshnyar M.A. Rashid, Gaza F. Salih · 2023 · Molecular Biology Reports
文章OpenAIRE开放获取
-
Investigating Three Morphemes “-ænæ”, “-æwæ” and “-æɾæ” in Hawrami: Postposition or Case Marker
Fateme Yousefirad, بیستون عباسی · 2015 · مطالعات زبانها و گویشهای غرب ایران
文章DOAJ开放获取
-
The Gorani language of Zarda, a village of West Iran
Parvin Mahmoudveysi, Denise Bailey · 2013 · Reichert Verlag eBooks
图书OpenAlexCrossref开放获取
来源、许可和获取日期： arXiv (Metadata CC0 1.0; papers under their own licences), 2026-10-23; Crossref (Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown), 2026-10-23; DataCite (CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences), 2026-10-23; Europe PMC (Metadata reusable; full text under each article’s licence), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)), 2026-10-23.